Changes in Fecal Pellet Microbiome of the Cold-Adapted Antarctic Copepod Tigriopus kingsejongensis at Different Temperatures and Developmental Stages

Development of strains of the Trypanosoma avium complex were studied in an experimental vector, Aedes aegypti. Developmental stages in the midgut and the rate of multiplication of the trypanosomes in mosquitoes held at different temperatures are described. Some factors influencing the multiplication of T. avium in the invertebrate host are discussed and observations on the development of the flagellates in simuliids, ceratopoginids, and tabanids are presented.

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THE INFLUENCE OF CONSTANT TEMPERATURES ON THE NON-DIAPAUSE DEVELOPMENT OF HYSSOPUS THYMUS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent104113-1 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 104 (1) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paul D. Syme

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Thermal Constant ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Degree Days ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Diapause Development ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fluctuating Temperatures

AbstractThe influence of constant temperatures on the non-diapause development of Hyssopus thymus was studied and the results of these studies are presented. A lower threshold for development of less than 12 °C and an upper threshold of about 32 °C were determined. Mean times for and rates of development at different temperatures are presented for all developmental stages. The egg is the stage most sensitive to temperature change. Regression equations describing the relationship between the rate of development and temperature for these stages are given and a thermal constant (K) of about 190 degree-days is calculated for total development. This constant is not applicable to naturally fluctuating temperatures. The results of these studies are discussed in relation to the potential impact of H. thymus on European pine shoot moth dynamics under different climatic conditions. It is concluded that H. thymus should be more effective in warmer seasons and at lower latitudes.

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Development of the neotropical catfish Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) incubated in different temperature regimes

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s096719940999013x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 131-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Alana Marielle Rodrigues-Galdino ◽

Camila Valente Maiolino ◽

Mariana Forgati ◽

Lucélia Donatti ◽

Jorge Daniel Mikos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Larval Period ◽

Early Juvenile ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Three Stages ◽

Chemosensory Systems ◽

Scanning Electron

SummaryThe developmental stages for the embryonic and larval periods of the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) kept at different temperatures (21, 24, 27 and 30°C) are described. Fish were analysed under light and scanning electron microscopy. For embryonic development, we described 25 stages, which were grouped into seven periods named zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula and hatching periods. For larval development, we defined three stages (early, mid, and late larvae). Additionally, the main ontogenetic events during the post-larvae and early juvenile periods were also described. This species presents a well developped lateral line and chemosensory systems that grow up during the larval period, maturing in the post-larvae. All tested temperatures are viable to R. quelen development, but a shorter incubation period was necessary to complete the development at lower temperatures. However, some malformations (heart edema) were verified at 30°C.

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Ambient temperature and genotype differentially affect developmental and phenotypic plasticity in Arabidopsis thaliana

10.1101/017285 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carla Ibañez ◽

Yvonne Poeschl ◽

Tom Peterson ◽

Julia Bellstädt ◽

Kathrin Denk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Temperature Sensitivity ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Complete Life Cycle ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Cultivated Plant ◽

Global Increase ◽

Functional Relevance ◽

Temperature Responses

AbstractBackgroundGlobal increase in ambient temperatures constitute a significant challenge to wild and cultivated plant species. Forward genetic analyses of individual temperature-responsive traits have resulted in the identification of several signaling and response components. However, a comprehensive knowledge about temperature sensitivity of different developmental stages and the contribution of natural variation is still scarce and fragmented at best.ResultsHere, we systematically analyze thermomorphogenesis throughout a complete life cycle in ten natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions grown in four different temperatures ranging from 16 to 28 °C. We used Q10, GxE, phenotypic divergence and correlation analyses to assess temperature sensitivity and genotype effects of more than 30 morphometric and developmental traits representing five phenotype classes. We found that genotype and temperature differentially affected plant growth and development with variing strengths. Furthermore, overall correlations among phenotypic temperature responses was relatively low which seems to be caused by differential capacities for temperature adaptations of individual accessions.ConclusionGenotype-specific temperature responses may be attractive targets for future forward genetic approaches and accession-specific thermomorphogenesis maps may aid the assessment of functional relevance of known and novel regulatory components.

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Gut Microbiome Alteration of Cold-adapated Antarctic copepod Tigriopus kingsejongensis with Temperature Changes and Developmental Stages

10.21203/rs.3.rs-611858/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Han Na Oh ◽

Myeong Nu Ri ◽

Taeyune Kim ◽

Gi-Sik Min ◽

Sanghee Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Diversity ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽

Food Resource ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Aquatic Microbes ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Stool Samples

Abstract Tigriopus kingsejongensis, a copepod species, reported from the King Sejong Station, Antarctica, serves as a valuable food resource in ecosystems. Some copepods were temperature-sensitive in growth and post-embryonic development. We cultured T. kingsejongensis at three different temperatures (2°C, 8°C, and 15°C) in a laboratory to observe the alterations in the stool microbiome of copepods depending on the cultivation temperature and developmental stages. We observed copepod gut microbiome changes by increasing temperatures: a lower microbial diversity, a higher abundance of aquatic microbes, Vibrio, and a lower abundance of the psychrophilic microbes, Colwellia. Also, the copepod gut microbiome, according to the developmental stage, was changed: a lower microbial diversity in egg-attached copepods than nauplius at 8°C. We further analyzed three shotgun metagenomes from T. kingsejongensis stool samples at different temperatures and obtained 44 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). We noted that MAGs of V. splendidus D contained glycosyl hydrolase (GHs) encoding chitinases and virulence factors with higher relative abundance at 15°C than at lower temperatures. These results that temperature and developmental stages affect the gut microbiome of copepods are helpful to understand the changes in the low-temperature adapted copepod with climate change.

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Seasonal size distribution of developmental stages of sub-antarctic copepod

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/bf00026310 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 167-168 (1) ◽

pp. 239-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Suzanne Razouls ◽

Claude Razouls

Keyword(s):

Size Distribution ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Antarctic Copepod

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The genetic architecture underlying body-size traits plasticity over different temperatures and developmental stages in Caenorhabditis elegans

10.1101/2021.04.21.440777 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad I. Maulana ◽

Joost A.G. Riksen ◽

Basten L. Snoek ◽

Jan E. Kammenga ◽

Mark G. Sterken

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Genetic Architecture ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

The Body ◽

Body Volume ◽

Chromosome X ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Length Width

Most ectotherms obey the temperature-size rule, meaning they grow larger in a colder environment. This raises the question of how the interplay between genes and temperature affect the body size of ectotherms. Despite the growing body of literature on the physiological life-history and molecular genetic mechanism underlying the temperature-size rule, the overall genetic architecture orchestrating this complex phenotype is not yet fully understood. One approach to identify genetic regulators of complex phenotypes is Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping. Here, we explore the genetic architecture of body size phenotypes, in different temperatures using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model ectotherm. We used 40 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from N2 and CB4856, which were reared at four different temperatures (16oC, 20oC, 24oC, and 26oC) and measured at two developmental stages (L4 and adult). The animals were measured for body length, width at vulva, body volume, length/width ratio, and seven other body-size traits. The genetically diverse RILs varied in their body-size phenotypes with heritabilities ranging from 0.0 to 0.99. We detected 18 QTL underlying the body-size phenotypes across all treatment combinations, with the majority clustering on chromosome X. We hypothesize that the chromosome X QTL could result from a known pleiotropic regulator - npr-1 - known to affect the body size of C. elegans through behavioural changes. In conclusion, our findings shed more light on multiple loci affecting body size plasticity and allow for a more refined analysis of the temperature-size rule.

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Biology, natural enemies and damage of the sugarcane whitefly (Neomaskellia andropogonis) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Iran

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science ◽

10.1017/s1742758418000164 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (04) ◽

pp. 381-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alireza Askarianzadeh ◽

Mehrnoosh Minaeimoghadam

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Adult Longevity ◽

Parasitoid Wasps ◽

Female Progeny ◽

Khuzestan Province ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Neomaskellia Andropogonis

AbstractAn outbreak of the sugarcane whitefly (Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett) recently occurred in sugarcane fields in Khuzestan Province of Iran. This pest sucks plant sap producing large amounts of honeydew. In Khuzestan Province, populations of all developmental stages increase from early August until late November. At this time, when sugarcane is at the ripening stage, nymphs suck the sap, and in cases of severe infestation, retard the growth of sugarcane plants. In this study, we investigated the biology of the pest on different cultivars of sugarcane and under different temperatures. Also, we conducted experiments to determine the damage caused by the pest in the field. Mean pre-adult developmental times were 24.09, 28.06, 27.27 and 26.64 days on CP69-1062, CP57-1062, CP48-103 and NCO-310 cultivars, respectively, and only female progeny were produced. Mean longevity of females on the four cultivars was 6, 8.49, 4.15 and 4.60 days, respectively. Adult females laid an average of 61.80, 58.80, 41.10 and 39.38 eggs on the four cultivars, respectively. Results show that the optimum temperature for development of different stages of N. andropogonis is 30±1°C during the day and 25±1°C at night, and at this temperature, egg and nymphal duration (including first, second, third instars and pupae) and adult longevity were 6.2, 17.0 and 7.6 days, respectively. Females of cultivar CP69-1062 laid an average of 50.09 eggs. Analysis of data on the quality of damage (including Brix, pol and refined sugar factors) shows that damage was inversely and significantly correlated with the number of infested leaves. Whitefly damage differed among cultivars; and, based on the quality of damage, early maturing cultivars were more susceptible to whitefly damage. We collected two parasitoid wasps from nymphs—Encarsia inaron (Walker) (Hym.: Aphelinidae) and Eretmocerus delhiensis Mani (Hym.: Aphelinidae). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the biology, damage and natural enemies of N. andropogonis on sugarcane in Iran.

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Activity of four entomopathogenic nematode species against different developmental stages of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/s11687-009-0003-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 14-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

S. Trdan ◽

M. Vidrih ◽

L. Andjus ◽

Ž. Laznik

Keyword(s):

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Control Method ◽

Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Potato Production ◽

Steinernema Feltiae ◽

Potato Beetle ◽

Different Temperatures

AbstractFour entomopathogenic nematode species (Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and H. megidis) were tested in a laboratory bioassay for the efficacy of these pathogens in controlling the larvae and adults of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. The main aim of the study was to develop an efficient sustainable control method against the pest. With this we could develop a strategy of potato production with the intention of diminishing or even preventing the appearance of pest resistance to insecticides. The activity of these biological agents was assessed at three different temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) and three concentrations (200, 1000, and 2000 infective juveniles per individual). Mortality of three stages (young and old larvae and adults) was determined 2, 4, and 7 days after treatment. At 15 °C entomopathogenic nematodes showed the lowest efficacy against all insect stages. No significant differences in efficacy was determined at 20 and 25 °C as all nematodes caused prompt death of all stages. At all temperatures young larvae were most susceptible. However, when controlling overwintered adults for the purpose of preventing the mass appearance of Colorado potato beetle, we recommend an application of higher concentrations of S. feltiae suspension.

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Osmolality, Temperature, and Membrane Lipid Composition Modulate the Activity of Betaine Transporter BetP in Corynebacterium glutamicum

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.00986-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 189 (20) ◽

pp. 7485-7496 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Nuran Özcan ◽

Christer S. Ejsing ◽

Andrej Shevchenko ◽

Andrej Lipski ◽

Susanne Morbach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Stress ◽

Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽

Lipid Composition ◽

Compatible Solutes ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Membrane Dynamics ◽

Cold Adapted ◽

Membrane Lipid Composition ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Precursor Ion Scanning

ABSTRACT The gram-positive soil bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum, a major amino acid-producing microorganism in biotechnology, is equipped with several osmoregulated uptake systems for compatible solutes, which is relevant for the physiological response to osmotic stress. The most significant carrier, BetP, is instantly activated in response to an increasing cytoplasmic K+ concentration. Importantly, it is also activated by chill stress independent of osmotic stress. We show that the activation of BetP by both osmotic stress and chill stress is altered in C. glutamicum cells grown at and adapted to low temperatures. BetP from cold-adapted cells is less sensitive to osmotic stress. In order to become susceptible for chill activation, cold-adapted cells in addition needed a certain amount of osmotic stimulation, indicating that there is cross talk of these two types of stimuli at the level of BetP activity. We further correlated the change in BetP regulation properties in cells grown at different temperatures to changes in the lipid composition of the plasma membrane. For this purpose, the glycerophospholipidome of C. glutamicum grown at different temperatures was analyzed by mass spectrometry using quantitative multiple precursor ion scanning. The molecular composition of glycerophospholipids was strongly affected by the growth temperature. The modulating influence of membrane lipid composition on BetP function was further corroborated by studying the influence of artificial modulation of membrane dynamics by local anesthetics and the lack of a possible influence of internally accumulated betaine on BetP activity.

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