scholarly journals External auditory exostoses in wind-dependent water sports participants: German wind- and kitesurfers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Wegener ◽  
Manfred Wegner ◽  
Nora M. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Total Exposure ◽  
The North ◽  
Total Exposure Time ◽  
Strong Winds

Abstract Purpose Cold water and wind are known to cause exostoses of the external auditory canal. Different prevalences in different sports have been described in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of external auditory exostosis (EAE) and EAE severity in coastal German wind- and kitesurfers who are exposed to cold water and strong winds. Furthermore, influencing factors such as the total exposure time and frequency of activity as well as the correlations between symptoms and the severity of EAE were investigated. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, German non-professional wind- and kitesurfers along the North and Baltic Sea coasts were recruited between September 2020 and November 2020. Each participant was interviewed about exposure time and otological symptoms and underwent bilateral video otoscopic examination to determine EAE severity. Results A total of 241 ears from 130 subjects were analysed. The prevalence of EAE was 75.1%. In 19.9% of the participants, severe EAE was found. Exposure time and the frequency of activity had significant effects on the severity of EAE. Compared to surfers, EAE growth seems to progress faster in wind- and kitesurfers. The number of symptoms requiring medical treatment increased when two-thirds of the external auditory canal was obstructed. Conclusion The prevalence of EAE in wind- and kitesurfers is high. Total exposure time and the frequency of activity influence EAE growth. EAE growth occurs faster in wind- and kitesurfers than in surfers. The additional influence of wind and the evaporative cooling of the EAC are thought to be responsible. The results of this study should increase awareness of the dynamics of EAE among ENT specialists and improve patient counselling.

scholarly journals Prevalence, duration of exposure and predicting factors for snus use among young Finnish men: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e050502
Author(s):  
Maria Danielsson ◽  
Tarja Tanner ◽  
Pertti Patinen ◽  
Dowen Birkhed ◽  
Vuokko Anttonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Exposure ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Total Exposure Time ◽  
Daily Total

ObjectiveThe health hazards of tobacco products depend on the level of exposure, but little is known about the characteristics of snus use. The aim of this study was to investigate the duration of daily exposure to snus among occasional and daily users and its associated predictive factors among young Finnish men.DesignCross-sectional questionnaire study.SettingThree out of 16 Finnish Defence Forces units.Participants1280 young Finnish male conscripts starting their military service in 2016 chosen by simple random sampling.Primary and secondary measuresThe prevalence, duration of use and the amount of daily usage of snus and cigarettes were investigated. The attitudes towards perceived harmfulness of snus and the predictive factors affecting the total time of snus consumption were examined.ResultsAlmost a fifth (19.5%) of the conscripts reported daily snus use, and a further 16% reported occasional use. Daily snus use was associated with an earlier starting age, longer duration of use and higher daily exposure time compared with occasional use. On average, daily snus users consumed 10 portions and occasional users three portions per day (p<0.001). The daily total exposure time for daily users was 372 min (95% CI 344 to 401) and for occasional users 139 min (95% CI 106 to 171). Respondents with an upper secondary education had significantly less daily total exposure than those with basic comprehensive education (p=0.036). Perceptions of snus as a harmful substance resulted in a significantly lower duration of exposure.ConclusionSnus use was very common among young Finnish men. High snus exposure duration was associated with an earlier starting age, a longer history of use and a careless attitude to its health hazards. A higher education level was a protective factor for total exposure time. Studies of the long-term health effects and dependency profile of snus use are needed.

A cross sectional study on assessment of risk of diabetes mellitus using Indian diabetic risk score in a medical college teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Singam Sivasankar Reddy ◽  
Syeda Rahath ◽  
Rakshitha H N ◽  
Godson K Lal ◽  
Swathy S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Related Quality

The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of diabetes mellitus in elderlywith age above 20 years in a hospital setting using Indian Diabetes risk score and to provide patient counselling regarding their life style modifications and health related quality of life among participants with high risk of developing diabetes.A total of 125 non diabetic patients were interviewed with a pre designed selfstructured questionnaire (IDRS). Participants were chosen voluntarily and a written consent was obtained before the administration of the questionnaire from individual patients. In our study we observed that out of 125 patients,males 26[59%]and 18[41%] females were at high risk, males 39[58.2%] and 28[41.8%] females were at moderate risk, males 5[35.7%] and 9[64.3%] females were at low risk of developing diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of the distribution of doctors in municipalities of extreme poverty in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B L O Luizeti ◽  
E M M Massuda ◽  
L F G Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Shortage Of Doctors ◽  
Demographic Distribution

Abstract In view of the national scenario of scarcity of material and human resources in public health in Brazil, the survey verified the demographics of doctors who attend the Unified Health System (SUS) in municipalities of extreme poverty. An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out, based on secondary quantitative data from the Department of Informatics of the SUS using the TABNET of December 2019. The care networks variable was restricted to infer the number of physicians who attend the SUS in extreme poverty municipalities in Brazil. Municipalities of extreme poverty are those that at least 20% of the population have a household income of up to 145 reais per capita monthly. In Brazil, there are 1526 municipalities in extreme poverty, 27.4% of the country's total municipalities. 14,907 doctors linked to SUS work in this condition, 3.19% of the total of these professionals in Brazil. There is still disproportion between regions: North concentrates 11.2% of the municipalities in extreme poverty and 8.61% of the total number of doctors; Northeast, with 61.33% of these municipalities, for 61.5% of doctors; Southeast, with 15.46% of the municipalities in this condition, has 20.6% of doctors; South concentrates 10.87% of the municipalities under discussion with 5.61% of doctors and the Midwest, with 4.87% of these municipalities, has 3.54% of doctors. Between 2009 and 2018, there was a 39% increase in the number of doctors in these locations, however, for 2019, there was a decrease of 3.89%. The medical demographic distribution in Brazil is uneven, especially in the North. There is also the vulnerability of this population in view of the observed reduction in the number of professionals between 2018 and 2019 in municipalities of extreme poverty, for political reasons. It is evident the need to restructure the health system to guarantee access to health for this population, through the attraction and fixation of doctors in needy regions in Brazil. Key messages Shortage of doctors in extreme poverty municipalities reinforces the health vulnerability of the population in Brazil. The uneven medical demography in Brazil requires restructuring in the public health system.

MS prevalence in New Zealand, an ethnically and latitudinally diverse country

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1422-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce V Taylor ◽  
John F Pearson ◽  
Glynnis Clarke ◽  
Deborah F Mason ◽  
David A Abernethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria

Background: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not uniform, with a latitudinal gradient of prevalence present in most studies. Understanding the drivers of this gradient may allow a better understanding of the environmental factors involved in MS pathogenesis. Method: The New Zealand national MS prevalence study (NZMSPS) is a cross-sectional study of people with definite MS (DMS) (McDonald criteria 2005) resident in New Zealand on census night, 7 March 2006, utilizing multiple sources of notification. Capture—recapture analysis (CRA) was used to estimate missing cases. Results: Of 2917 people with DMS identified, the crude prevalence was 72.4 per 100,000 population, and 73.1 per 100,000 when age-standardized to the European population. CRA estimated that 96.7% of cases were identified. A latitudinal gradient was seen with MS prevalence increasing three-fold from the North (35°S) to the South (48°S). The gradient was non-uniform; females with relapsing—remitting/secondary-progressive (RRMS/SPMS) disease have a gradient 11 times greater than males with primary-progressive MS ( p < 1 × 10-7). DMS was significantly less common among those of Māori ethnicity. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of a robust latitudinal gradient of MS prevalence in New Zealand. This gradient is largely driven by European females with the RRMS/SPMS phenotype. These results indicate that the environmental factors that underlie the latitudinal gradient act differentially by gender, ethnicity and MS phenotype. A better understanding of these factors may allow more targeted MS therapies aimed at modifiable environmental triggers at the population level.

scholarly journals Interprofessional collaboration among care professionals in obstetrical care: are perceptions aligned?

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Romijn ◽  
Pim W Teunissen ◽  
Martine C de Bruijne ◽  
Cordula Wagner ◽  
Christianne J M de Groot
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Communication Accommodation ◽  
Obstetrical Care ◽  
The North ◽  
Ensure Patient Safety

BackgroundIn an obstetrical team, obstetricians, midwives and nurses work together in a dynamic and complex care setting. Different professional cultures can be a barrier for effective interprofessional collaboration. Although the different professional cultures in obstetrical care are well known, little is understood about discrepancies in mutual perceptions of collaboration. Similar perceptions of collaboration are important to ensure patient safety. We aimed to understand how different care professionals in an obstetrical team assess interprofessional collaboration in order to gain insight into the extent to which their perceptions are aligned.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed in the north-western region of the Netherlands. Care professionals from five hospitals and surrounding primary-care midwifery practices were surveyed. The respondents consisted of four groups of care professionals: obstetricians (n=74), hospital-based midwives known as clinical midwives (n=42), nurses (n=154) and primary-care midwives (n=109). The overall response rate was 80.8%. We used the Interprofessional Collaboration Measurement Scale (IPCMS) to assess perceived interprofessional collaboration. The IPCMS distinguishes three subscales: communication, accommodation and isolation. Data were analysed using non-parametrical tests.ResultsOverall, ratings of interprofessional collaboration were good. Obstetricians rated their collaboration with clinical midwives, nurses and primary-care midwives more positively than these three groups rated the collaboration with obstetricians. Discrepancies in mutual perceptions were most apparent in the isolation subscale, which is about sharing opinions, discussing new practices and respecting each other.ConclusionWe found relevant discrepancies in mutual perceptions of collaboration in obstetrical care in the Netherlands. Obstetrical care is currently being reorganised to enable more integrated care, which will have consequences for interprofessional collaboration. The findings of this study indicate opportunities for improvement especially in terms of perceived isolation.

scholarly journals Perfil dos diagnósticos de enfermagem de fumicultores

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naise de Moura Dantas ◽  
Alexandre Wendell Araujo Moura ◽  
Andreivna Kharenine Serbim ◽  
Cristiane Araujo Nascimento ◽  
Ana Caroline Melo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
Nursing Diagnosis ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Nursing Diagnoses

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os diagnósticos de Enfermagem segundo a taxonomia da American Nursing Diagnosis Association II.  Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, com 51 produtores de tabaco expostos a agroquímicos que viviam na comunidade rural. Coletaram-se os dados por meio das consultas de Enfermagem. Tabularam-se os dados n Programa Microsoft Excel 2010, posteriormente inseridos no banco de dados utilizando o programa SPSS, versão 22.0, for Windows, e submetidos à revisão e análise estatística. Apresentaram-se os resultados em tabelas. Resultados: verificou-se, por meio das consultas de Enfermagem, que a maioria era do sexo feminino, tinha ensino fundamental incompleto e não praticava nenhum tipo de exercício físico. Acrescenta-se, além disso, que eles desconheciam os riscos para a saúde colocados pelos pesticidas e negligenciaram os padrões de segurança recomendados para o manuseio desses produtos. Conclusão: pode-se observar, a partir deste estudo, que o enfermeiro tem um papel importante no cuidado e na educação, nos diversos espaços de promoção, prevenção e manutenção do cuidado em saúde. Descritores: Enfermagem; Diagnósticos de Enfermagem; Estratégia Saúde da Família; Área Rural; Saúde Pública; Saúde do Trabalhador.ABSTRACT Objective: to describe Nursing diagnoses according to the Taxonomy II proposed by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted with co plantations. The research was carried out with 51 tobacco growers exposed to agrochemicals living in the rural community. The data were collected through nursing consultations. The data collected were tabulated in the Microsoft Excel 2010 software and later entered into a database using the SPSS software version 22.0, for Windows, and subjected to statistical review and analysis. The results were presented in tables. Results: the Nursing consultations revealed that the majority of the farm workers were females, had incomplete elementary education, and did not practice any type of physical exercise. In addition, they were unaware of the health risks posed by pesticides and neglected the recommended safety standards for the handling of these products. Conclusion: it was observed in this study that nurses have an important role in care and education, in the various spaces of promotion, prevention and maintenance of health care. Descriptors: Nursing; Nursing Diagnoses; Family Health Strategy; Rural Area; Public Health; Occupational Health.RESUMEN Objetivo: se buscó describir los diagnósticos de Enfermería según la taxonomía de la American Nursing Diagnosis Association II. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, realizado con 51 productores de tabaco expuestos a agroquímicos que vivían en la comunidad rural. Se recogieron los datos por medio de las consultas de Enfermería. Se tabularon los datos recogidos en el programa Microsoft Excel 2010, posteriormente inseridos en el banco de datos utilizando el programa SPSS, versión 22.0, for Windows, y sometidos a la revisión y análisis estadística. Se presentaron los resultados en tablas. Resultados: se verificó, por medio de las consultas de Enfermería, que la mayoría era del sexo femenino, tenía enseñanza primaria incompleta y no praticaba ningún tipo de ejercicio físico. Además de eso, ellos desconocen los riesgos para la salud colocados por los pesticidas y negligenciaron los patrones de seguridad recomendados para el manoseo de esos productos. Conclusión: se puede observar, a partir de este estudio, que el enfermero tiene un papel importante en el cuidado y en la educación, en los diversos espacios de promoción, prevención y mantenimiento del cuidado en salud. Descriptores: Enfermería; Diagnósticos de Enfermería; Estrategia Salud de la Familia; Zona Rural; Salud Pública; Salud Laboral.

scholarly journals Predictors of cognitive, behavioural and academic difficulties in NF1

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S243-S243
Author(s):  
Kavitha Chinnappa Ramamurthy ◽  
Marie-Maude Geoffray ◽  
Louise Robinson ◽  
Lauren Manderson ◽  
Julieta O'Flaherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remedial Education ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
The North ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Uk

AimsThe aim of this study is to systematically investigate the demographic and disease predictors of cognitive and behavioural phenotype in the largest cohort of children with NF1 published to date. Based on previously published research, we examine the potential role of demographic predictors such as age, sex, SES, parental NF1 status as well as the neurological complications such as epilepsy and brain tumours in NF1 associated cognitive/ behavioural impairments.MethodIn this cross-sectional study design, participant data were drawn from two large databases which included (i) A clinical database of all patients with NF1 seen in a clinical psychological service from 2010 to 2019 and (ii) A research dataset from two previously published studies (2,8). The complex National NF1 service based within Manchester regional genetic services is set up for individuals with complex NF1 (https://www.mangen.co.uk/healthcare-professionals/clinical-genomic-services/nf1/) in the North of the UK. Children were referred to the psychological services by NF1 clinicians if psychological assessment was warranted based on parental reports. In order to reduce clinic referral bias, the clinical sample was supplemented by including participants that were seen solely for the purposes of research studies within our centre.ResultRelative to population norms, 90% of the NF1 sample demonstrated significantly lower scores in at least one cognitive or behavioral domain. Family history of NF1 and lower SES were independently associated with poorer cognitive, behavioral and academic outcomes. Neurological problems such as epilepsy and hydrocephalus were associated with lower IQ and academic skills.ConclusionCognitive and behavioural phenotypes commonly emerge via a complex interplay between genes and environmental factors, and this is true also of a monogenic condition such as NF1. Early interventions and remedial education may be targeted to risk groups such those with familial NF1, families with lower SES and those with associated neurological comorbidities.

scholarly journals Preferred Learning Styles of Nurses in In-Service Training Courses in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Neda Safaeifard ◽  
Hossein Namdar Areshtanab ◽  
Fariborz Roshangar ◽  
Hossein Ebrahim ◽  
Hossein Karimi Moonaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Courses

Summary Generally, progress, productivity and success of any organization depends on the skills and knowledge of their manpower. Thus, better and more accurate training programs in organizations will lead to their growth and efficiency will be eventually achieved. Due to the many advances in the field of medicine, nurses are the backbone of activities in organizations of medical sciences and patient’s affairs. For this purpose, in-service training courses for employees are the most important courses in nursing. This study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences (Tabriz-Iran) aiming to determine the preferred learning styles of nurses in in-service training courses. In this cross-sectional study, all nurses working in medical and educational centers in a university in the North West of Iran were randomly selected. To collect data, a two-part questionnaire of Kolb’s demographic and social information was used. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics SPSS version 17 software. A total of 470 nurses with an average age of 36.46 ± 5.77 were studied. There was a significant correlation between preferred learning styles of nurses with nursing position, employment status, and income level. There was no a significant statistical relationship between the preferred learning style of nurses with age, work experience and experience in the center. The present study shows that the highest percentage of Kolb’s learning style is related to the preferential converging learning style (57.8%). This study aimed to determine the preferred learning styles of nurse’s in-service training courses in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The results of the study showed that converging and assimilating styles were the preferred learning ones among the majority of nurses; these styles are effective and interpreted according to their profession requiring a lot of information and knowledge. Due to the dominance of converging learning style among nurses, it is recommended to use appropriate teaching methods tailored to the style including the use of diagrams, presentations, lectures and self-learning with enjoyable materials.

scholarly journals Prevalence of falls in elderly in Brazil: a countrywide analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1819-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Vinholes Siqueira ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽  
Denise Silva da Silveira ◽  
Roberto Xavier Piccini ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Falls In Elderly

We conducted a cross-sectional study of a sample of 6,616 elderly living in urban areas of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states, who responded to questions on the occurrence of falls in the 12 months prior to the interview, and occurrence of fractures due to the falls. The prevalence of falls among the elderly was 27.6% (95%CI: 26.5-28.7). Among those reporting falls, 11% had suffered fractures as a result. Of the elderly, 36% had received guidance about the precautions necessary to prevent falls, and about 1% had required surgery. Falls were associated with female gender, older age, low socioeconomic status, obesity and sedentary lifestyles. The prevalence of falls differed significantly between the North and other regions of Brazil. The study shows a high prevalence of falls, and underlines the need for preventive strategies targeting modifiable risk factors.

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