scholarly journals Distress among cancer patients attending rehabilitation in the community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Psychosocial Concerns

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study is to identify sources of distress among cancer patients attending rehabilitation in the community. Methods Participants were 430 patients recruited from a cancer rehabilitation center in Singapore between 2017 and 2018, who had rated their distress using the distress thermometer (DT) and indicated associated problems on the problem list. Chi-square tests were used to detect differences in the reported symptoms among three age groups. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify symptom clusters. Partial correlational analysis was then performed to examine the relationship between distress, symptom clusters, and age controlling for gender and cancer type. Results About 30% of the participants reported distress ≥ 5 on the DT (mean 3.3 ± 2.5), and the mean number of problems endorsed was 8 ± 6. A higher total number of reported problems (r = .63) and younger age (r =  − .21) were associated with increased distress. The younger age group also reported more problems surrounding emotions, finance, work/school, children-related issues, and physical symptoms such as sleep and nausea. Of the 12 factors identified, 9 psychosocial and physical symptom clusters correlated with distress (r ranging from .12 to .41). All results were statistically significant after adjustment (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Younger survivors are more at risk of distress and report greater role functioning concerns related to childcare, partner relationship, and work participation. Age-tailored and multimodal interventions may be necessary to adequately address age-related differences and help coordinate management of multiple symptom clusters across physical and psychosocial concerns.

scholarly journals Five reasons COVID-19 is less severe in younger age groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W Turke
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
System Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract The severity of COVID-19 is age-related, with the advantage going to younger age groups. Five reasons are presented. The first two are well-known, are being actively researched by the broader medical community, and therefore are discussed only briefly here. The third, fourth, and fifth reasons derive from evolutionary life history theory, and potentially fill gaps in current understanding of why and how young and old age groups respond differently to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Age of onset of generalized somatic aging, and the timing of its progression, are identified as important causes of these disparities, as are specific antagonistic pleiotropic tradeoffs in immune system function.

Sex-Role Stereotyping for Selected Sport and Physical Activities across Age Groups

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S. Meaney ◽  
Lanie A. Dornier ◽  
Mary S. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sex Role Stereotyping ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

This investigation was designed to assess sex-role stereotyping across age groups. Participants ( N = 668) were girls and boys, students from Grades 3, 5, 8, and 10 at local public schools. All participants completed the Sport and Physical Activities Questionnaire on which were displayed pictures of 31 sport and physical activities. Participants were instructed to designate each activity as a boys' activity, a girls' activity, or a boys' and girls' activity. Chi-square analysis showed age-related differences in distribution of stereotyping of the activities. Over age groups there were more discrepancies between boys' and girls' ratings of activities as sex-specific. These findings suggest that sex-role stereotyping of sports and physical activities becomes more predominant across age groups.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Technical Throwing Skills on Nomination Status in Youth and Long-Term Career Attainment in Handball

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Koopmann ◽  
Franziska Lath ◽  
Dirk Büsch ◽  
Jörg Schorer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Career Attainment ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract Background Research on talent in sports aims to identify predictors of future performance. This study retrospectively investigated 1) relationships between young handball field players’ technical throwing skills and (a) their potential nomination to youth national teams and (b) their long-term career attainment 10 years later, and 2) associations between nomination status and career attainment. Results Results from retrospectively predicting nomination status and career attainment using logistic regression analyses show that technical throwing skills were partly able to explain players’ nomination status (Nagelkerke R2: females 9.2%, males 13.1%) and career attainment (Nagelkerke R2: 9.8% for female players). Here, variables throwing velocity and time on exercise showed statistically significant effects. In addition, nomination status and career attainment were shown to be associated using chi-square tests (w of .37 and .23 for female and male players, respectively) and nomination status as a predictor increased the prediction of career attainment remarkably (Nagelkerke R2: females 20.3%, males 12.7%). Conclusions Given these results, basic technical throwing skills may serve rather as a prerequisite in this age group on national level, emphasizing its importance already on lower levels and in younger age groups. Furthermore, advantages from entering the national TID system early especially for females are discussed.

scholarly journals Internal, external and repeated-sprint demands in small-sided games: A comparison between bouts and age groups in elite youth soccer players

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249906
Author(s):  
Richard Hauer ◽  
Paul Störchle ◽  
Bettina Karsten ◽  
Harald Tschan ◽  
Arnold Baca
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Image Position

This study investigated the activity profile during small-sided games (SSG) in elite youth soccer players. Internal load (IL) including heart rate (HR) and external load (EL) such as distance covered in different speed-zones (SZ) were collected from forty-eight players of three different teams (U15, U16, U18). The investigation included a total of eighteen 5vs.5 SSGs, each consisting of four 2-minute bouts on a 40x32m pitch during spring season. Total group results (n = 48) showed a reduction in total-distance (p = 0.001; ηp2 = 0.12), high-intensity-running (p = 0.009; ηp2 = 0.09), and low-intensity-running distance (p = 0.028; ηp2 = 0.07) between bouts. Similarly, a reduction in the number of both acceleration-low (p = 0.001; ηp2 = 0.12) and deceleration-high (p = 0.003; ηp2 = 0.11) values was observed. Additionally, time spent in HR-zones 3 and 4 (p≤0.007; ηp2 ≥ 0.10), increased, with a reduction in HR-zone 1 (p = 0.000, ηp2 = 0.25). Age group comparison showed less distance covered in SZ 1 (p≤0.000; ηp2 = 0.56) and greater deceleration-high values (p≤0.038; ηp2 = 0.32) in U15 players compared to other age groups. Further, U15 showed lower values in low-intensity-running compared to U18 (p = 0.038; ηp2 = 0.22). No age-related differences were found for IL and repeated sprint ability (RSA) values. The higher EL in younger age groups should be taken into account when implementing soccer specific SSGs. In addition, HRmean values between 80–85% of HRmax and RSA numbers, which are similar to match-play data, indicate SSGs as an effective training tool to prepare youth soccer athletes for the demands of competition.

scholarly journals Reexamination of Accelerometer Calibration with Energy Expenditure as Criterion: VO2net Instead of MET for Age-Equivalent Physical Activity Intensity

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 3377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Arvidsson ◽  
Jonatan Fridolfsson ◽  
Christoph Buck ◽  
Örjan Ekblom ◽  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent Of Task ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Accelerometer calibration for physical activity (PA) intensity is commonly performed using Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) as criterion. However, MET is not an age-equivalent measure of PA intensity, which limits the use of MET-calibrated accelerometers for age-related PA investigations. We investigated calibration using VO2net (VO2gross − VO2stand; mL⋅min−1⋅kg−1) as criterion compared to MET (VO2gross/VO2rest) and the effect on assessment of free-living PA in children, adolescents and adults. Oxygen consumption and hip/thigh accelerometer data were collected during rest, stand and treadmill walk and run. Equivalent speed (Speedeq) was used as indicator of the absolute speed (Speedabs) performed with the same effort in individuals of different body size/age. The results showed that VO2net was higher in younger age-groups for Speedabs, but was similar in the three age-groups for Speedeq. MET was lower in younger age-groups for both Speedabs and Speedeq. The same VO2net-values respective MET-values were applied to all age-groups to develop accelerometer PA intensity cut-points. Free-living moderate-and-vigorous PA was 216, 115, 74 and 71 min/d in children, adolescents, younger and older adults with VO2net-calibration, but 140, 83, 74 and 41 min/d with MET-calibration, respectively. In conclusion, VO2net calibration of accelerometers may provide age-equivalent measures of PA intensity/effort for more accurate age-related investigations of PA in epidemiological research.

scholarly journals Dynamic Smile Visualization and Quantification in different age groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Harshitha V. ◽  
M.S. Ravi ◽  
Reshma Raveendran ◽  
Raed Saeed ◽  
Kiran Kumar C.
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Buccal Corridor ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract Aims and Objectives: To assess the posed and dynamic smile and to compare the various attributes of smile in frontal, oblique and sagittal dimensions, in two different age groups (10- 15years and 18-25 years). Materials and Methods: The posed and dynamic smile parameters were measured using digital video clips in 80 subjects of two different age groups (10-15years and 18-25 years). Total of 15 parameters were studied in 3 planes of space. The data was analysed using student`s t-test to compare smile parameters across the age groups, paired t-test was used to analyse the parameters of posed and unposed smile within the same age group and chi-square test was performed for the discrete data. Results: The present study revealed significant differences in dynamic smile parameters between the two age groups. The parameters like Philtrum height and Smile index are more in older age group whereas the buccal corridor was more in younger age group. Significant differences were also recorded in various parameters in both the groups when the posted smile is compared with that of the dynamic smile. Conclusion: In both the age groups, the dynamic and posed smile attributes are significantly different, except for buccal corridor and interlabial gap.

Cancer-related fatigue and depression in breast cancer patients postchemotherapy: Different associations with optimism and stress appraisals

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1141-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inbar Levkovich ◽  
Miri Cohen ◽  
Shimon Pollack ◽  
Karen Drumea ◽  
Georgeta Fried
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Stress Appraisals

AbstractObjective:Symptoms of depression and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) are common among breast cancer patients postchemotherapy and may seriously impair quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to assess the relationship between depression and CRF in breast cancer patients postchemotherapy and to examine their relationships to optimism and to threat and challenge appraisals.Method:Participants included 95 breast cancer patients (stages 1–3) 1 to 6 months after completion of chemotherapy. Patients submitted personal and medical details and completed the following: physical symptom questionnaires (EORTC QLQ–C30, and QLQ–BR23), a symptoms of depression questionnaire (CES–D), the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI), the Life Orientation Test (LOT–R), and a stress appraisals questionnaire.Results:We found levels of depression, CRF, and appraisals of cancer as a threat to be moderate and levels of optimism and appraisals of cancer as a challenge to be high. Depression and CRF were positively associated. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that 51% of the CRF variance was explained and, together with physical symptoms and threat appraisal, were significantly associated with CRF. A total 67% of depression was explained and, and together with challenge and threat appraisals, were significantly associated with depression.Significance of Results:Although CRF and depression were often experienced simultaneously and both were found to be higher among individuals who gave higher appraisals of cancer as a threat, only depression was related to optimism and challenge appraisals, while CRF was related mainly to intensity of physical symptoms. The different pattern of associations between optimism and appraisals warrants further clinical attention as well as future study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Knowledge of Students of the Lorestan University of Medical Sciences about Congenital Toxoplasmosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-157
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Senior Students

Background: Toxoplasmosis is the most important parasitic infection associated with central nervous system. Sufficient knowledge and information about congenital toxoplasmosis and its effective factors is very helpful for health graduates in the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of the disease in infants. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge level of senior students related to pregnant women in Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, about congenital toxoplasmosis. Materials and Methods: This study included 177 students who would deal with pregnant women in their future careers. The students' knowledge and information about congenital toxoplasmosis were assessed and measured based on a pre-designed questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests were used to compare the obtained data. Results: The results of this study showed that the students' knowledge about congenital toxoplasmosis was not in a desired range (4.72±71.14%). Based on the results, the level of knowledge was significantly lower in nursing and nutrition students (P=0.013), younger age groups (P=0.013), dormitory residents (P=0.002), and undergraduates (P<0.001), compared to other students (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated the poor level of information of senior students related to pregnant women about congenital toxoplasmosis. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the disease and its irreparable damage to the fetus, development of plans to increase students' awareness of the disease, as well as ways of transmission and prevention.

Complementary and alternative medicine use among cancer patients at a private hospital in Brazil.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14144-e14144
Author(s):  
Eliza Dalsasso Ricardo ◽  
Denise Oishi ◽  
Marcelo Oliveira Dos Santos ◽  
Renata D'Alpino D'Alpino
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

e14144 Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is relatively common among cancer patients. Data regarding CAM use in Brazil is scarce. We sought to define CAM use by cancer patients and investigate factors that might influence it. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adults diagnosed with any cancer type who came to appointments at our outpatient clinic in January 2020. Chi-square tests were used to investigate the association between CAM use and age and gender Results: We interviewed 156 patients who consented to the face-to-face interview and all of them completed the questionnaires. Most patients were between 51 and 70 years-old; 56% were female and 55% had their cancer diagnosed in the last 12 months. Most cancer types were breast (17.4%), colorectal (16.7%), and lung (16.1%). More than 90% of the participants were on any active treatment. The prevalence of current CAM use was 29.6%. 58.7% of the patients did not believe CAM has anti-cancer properties, including 32.6% of patients who reported CAM use. Two-thirds of the participants have never discussed about CAM with their oncologists. Only 5.1% of the respondents would abandon conventional cancer treatment in order to use just CAM. Among CAM users, 55% referred multiple therapies use. Of those therapies, spiritual surgery was the most prevalent one. There was a significant higher proportion of females reporting CAM use (p = 0,029) as well as a higher proportion of CAM use among younger patients (p = 0,008). Conclusions: CAM use was common among our study population, especially spiritual surgery. Women and younger patients were more prone to use CAM. Although most patients would not abandon conventional treatment, many of them have never discussed about CAM with their oncologists.

Sex and Age-related Parasitism of Clarias gariepinus in earthen ponds in African Regional Aquaculture Centre, Aluu, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.P Ayawei ◽  
H.O Imafidor ◽  
G.D.B Awi-Waadu ◽  
A Abah
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Earthen Ponds ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Rivers State

This study aimed at investigating the sex and age-related parasitic burden of Clarias gariepinus cultured in earthen ponds. Eighty–five (85) fish samples were selected randomly for analyses from three earthen ponds. Sexing was done by the observation of the urinogenital papillae. For parasitological analysis, skin and gill scrapes were taken for external parasites while the stomach and intestines were slit open, rinsed and observed for helminthic worms. Parasites identified included; Chilodonella sp. (0.3%), Ichthyophthirius sp. (41.1%), Trichodina sp. (55%), Icthyobodo sp., (1.0%) and Gyrodactylus sp. (2.4%). From the study 31 out of 56 males and 20 out of 27 females were infected with parasites. Prevalence of infection in males and females were 55.36% and 74.07% respectively. Mean intensity of parasites was also higher for females (150.75) than for males (62.68) Chi square analysis however, revealed no significant effect (p<0.05) of parasitism on gender. It was further observed that juvenile males and early adult females respectively, had more parasites with 55.3 and 92.4 parasite mean intensities. Among age groups, the mid juveniles (25-99g) (19%), late juveniles (100-299g) (65%) and early adults (300-500g) (14%) were most infected, although there was no significant effect (p<0.05). Sex-related prevalence could be based on hormonal changes and reproduction in females, and competitive search for mates by males. Age-related infection was predicated upon active feeding habits reported among fish of these ages It is therefore recommended that routine health checks be carried out for pond cultured fish. Furthermore, that older fish be sorted and kept together, as they would have stronger immunity than younger fish. Keywords; Zoonoses, fish infection, late juveniles, earthen pond, Clarias gariepinus, sex, age

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