Animal thermal comfort index for the state of Paraíba, Brazil: trend, influencing factors, and mitigating measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valquiria Cordeiro da Silva ◽  
Robson de Sousa Nascimento ◽  
José Pinheiro Lopes Neto ◽  
Fernanda Fernandes de Melo Lopes ◽  
Jaciara Ribeiro Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
The State ◽  
Comfort Index

scholarly journals Thermal comfort of beef cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Silva Cesca ◽  
Rodrigo Couto Santos ◽  
Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de Goes ◽  
Ana Paula Cassaro Favarim ◽  
Mario Sergio Garutti de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Spline Method ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT Evaluation of the comfort and animal welfare parameters enables determining the best environmental conditions for livestock creation. The present study was aimed to determine the thermal comfort index for beef cattle using interpolation techniques for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul during extreme summer and winter seasons for a period of 10 years. The analysis was performed on the climatic variables data provided by the National Institute of Meteorology, Brazil. The maximum (THImax) and minimum (THImin) temperature and humidity indices (THIs) of 28 weather stations distributed across the state were calculated, and the thematic maps of the THIs (maximum and minimum) calculated for the summer and winter seasons were prepared. The results revealed a state of emergency in the two largest animal-producing cities in the state; namely, Corumbá and Ribas do Rio Pardo, while two other cities, Chapadão do Sul and Costa Rica emerged as favorable regions for the production of beef cattle. The Spline method used in the present study, therefore, proved to be a suitable tool for analyzing a small number of weather stations distributed over a large territorial area.

scholarly journals РЕГРЕСІЙНА МОДЕЛЬ ПРОСТОРУ СТАНІВ ТЕПЛОВОГО КОМФОРТУ

2020 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
П. О. Яганов ◽  
І. В. Редько
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
System States

Modeling the hyperspace of system states by the method of regression analysis, mathematical analysis of regression equations that model the thermal comfort index, optimization of thermal comfort by determining the coordinates of the projection of the vector image of thermal comfort onto a state hyperplane and solving an equation with many variables. Development of methods and models for a formal description of the space of states of human thermal comfort. The use of the method of regression analysis as a tool for modeling the state of thermal comfort in multidimensional hyperspace of system states is investigated. The procedure for calculating the PMV thermal comfort index and the formation of control commands for ACS of the thermal environment have been simplified. It is proved that a linear and quasilinear model of the state surface of the TC system within the selected TC intervals with sufficient accuracy for practical use calculates the PMV thermal comfort index. The regression analysis method is developed and extended to the class of thermal comfort systems. For the first time, a formal model of the space of states of thermal comfort is represented by linear and quasilinear polynomials. The state model of a complex multifactor system for providing thermal comfort for a person is represented by regression polynomials in a linear and quasilinear form, which greatly simplifies the calculation of the PMV index, classification of the state of thermal comfort, the search for optimal operating modes and command formation for actuators that are part of the ACS of the TC.

Emergency Ventilation of Clean Rooms

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
В. М. Попов ◽  
А. В. Бараков ◽  
С. Н. Кузнецов
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Emergency Ventilation ◽  
Modern Industry ◽  
Air Exchange

Постановка задачи. В современной промышленности для обеспечения контроля за состоянием воздушной среды часто используют технологии чистых помещений. Использование токсичных газов в чистых помещениях может приводить к аварийным ситуациям, для ликвидации которых необходима аварийная вентиляция. Для расчета аварийного воздухообмена необходимо создание модели аварийного воздухообмена, учитывающей значительное количество влияющих факторов. Результаты. Модель аварийного воздухообмена для чистого помещения разработана на основе уравнения материального баланса по вредному газу, выделяющемуся из оборудования при возникновении аварийной ситуации. Получено решение модели аварийного воздухообмена для чистого помещения, позволяющее рассчитать концентрации вредного газа в зависимости от расчетной аварийной ситуации. Исследованы свойства полученного решения. Введено понятие аккумулирующей способности вентилируемого помещения и оценено влияние аккумулирующей способности на изменение концентраций вредного газа. Выводы. Выполненные расчеты позволяет глубже понять процессы развития аварийной ситуации в чистом помещении и учесть эти риски при проектировании аварийной вентиляции чистых помещений. Statement of the problem. In modern industry, clean room technology is commonly used to monitor the state of the air. The use of toxic gases in clean rooms might result in emergencies that call for emergency ventilation. In order to calculate the emergency air exchange, it is necessary to design a model of emergency air exchange considering a significant number of influencing factors. Results. The model of emergency air exchange for a clean room is developed based on the equation of material balance on the harmful gas allocated from the equipment in case of an emergency. The solution of the model of the emergency air exchange for a clean room is obtained allowing the concentrations of harmful gas to be calculated depending on a specific emergency. The properties of the resulting solution are investigated. The concept of accumulating capacity of the ventilated room is introduced and the influence of accumulating capacity on change of concentrations of harmful gas is evaluated. Conclusions. The performed calculations allow one to understand the processes of development of an emergency situation in a clean room more profoundly and to allow for these risks while designing emergency ventilation of clean rooms.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort index in lactating cows in an adapted free-stall facility

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Marcos de Carvalho Vasconcelos ◽  
Sindynara Ferreira ◽  
Elisa De Souza Junqueira Rezende ◽  
José Luiz de Andrade Rezende Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Comfort Indices

This study was conducted to investigate the thermoregulation of Holstein cattle in an adapted free-stall facility at IFSULDEMINAS, Campus Inconfidentes, by measuring thermal comfort indices. The experimental period was from the end of December 2012 to the start of January 2013, in a total of 16 days. 12 multiparous, lactating, black-and-white Holstein cows were used in a free-stall system. Rectal temperature, respiratory frequency, ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded at 3:00 a.m., 7:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 3:00 p.m., 7:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. The results demonstrate that despite the temporal variations that occurred throughout the evaluation days, the confined animals maintained their body temperature in balance.

scholarly journals The influence of the climatology of the semi-arid from Alagoas-Brazil on the raw milk microbiota

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ticiano Gomes do Nascimento ◽  
Euridice Farias Falcão ◽  
Maria Cristina Delgado da Silva ◽  
Josicleide Nascimento Oliveira Silvino ◽  
Pierre Barnabé Escodro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Semi Arid

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the climatology of the semi-arid from Alagoas-Brazil on the raw milk microbiota in semi-arid area of the 07 micro-regions of the State of Alagoas of Alagoas, Brazil. The climatic data were extracted from National Institute of Meteorology from the Brazilian government. The raw milk was collected after the dairy cow milking process in 12 small rural associations of the semi-arid from the State of Alagoas, during the 4 seasons and the raw milk was carried out procedures of sampling, transportation and microbiological analysis. A total of 58 samples were counted coliforms at 45°C, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and coagulase-positive <em>Staphylococcus</em>. Only 02 rural associations presented low levels of microbiological contamination, which were located in areas of climatic conditions and parameters of thermal comfort index and vegetation index favorable, but 10 rural associations presented high counting of coliforms at 45°C, <em>Escherichia coli</em>. The climatologic parameters (maximum temperature, atmospheric pressure), bovine comfort thermal index and vegetation index have showed to influence the growth of the coliforms at 45°C and <em>Escherichia coli</em> with high incidence during the summer weather. The precipitation parameter, bovine thermal comfort and vegetation index have displayed to influence coagulase-positive<em> Staphylococcus</em> counting especially during the period between the summer end and the autumn beginning seasons. New Actions, and Rural Education and Health Programs should be implemented as politics of Food Safety. New strategies and programs for dissemination more effective on the risks of transmission of pathogens and Foodborne Diseases are necessary as the part of emergence politics of the health and education areas. Regulatory Actions should be encouraged within the processes that improve the quality control of raw milk as well its bioproducts, with professional assistance relevant in agriculture area.

scholarly journals Outdoor Universal Thermal Comfort Index Climatology for Alaska

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 558-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Mölders
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Comfort Index

scholarly journals THERMAL COMFORT INVESTIGATION ON HOLY MOSQUE IN BANDUNG Case Study : Lautze 2 Mosque Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Agung Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract -Thermal comfort is a state of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment. There are two main categories in the effort to obtain a comfort index; empirical and analytical. Empirical is based on social surveys, while analysis is based on the physics principle of heat flow.Bandung city is one of the historical cities in Indonesia which has many historical heritage buidings. One of them which is commonly known as colonial buildings in Bandung is Lautze 2 Mosque, located at Tamblong Street in the city center of Bandung. This research was conducted to analyze the thermal comfort in the Lautze 2 Mosque Bandung. The analytical method used in this study is a quantitative research method by measuring the main factors namely air temperature, air humidity and air velocity. The main factors become obstacles to get thermal comfort data at the Lautze 2 Mosque Bandung is the location of buildings located in areas with tropical climate conditions with high air temperatures, high air humidity, and low air velocitys.The research conclude that thermal comfort in the Lautze 2 Mosque Bandung building can be categorized as uncomfortable, it can be seen from the measurement results of related factors, namely the temperature and humidity that exceeds the comfort limit and the low air velocity in the building becomes an obstacle to obtain thermal comfort. Keywords: colonial buildings, mosque, thermal comfort, tropical climate.

scholarly journals Study of Universal Thermal Comfort Index in Hosing Estate Public Space in Bangkok, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Pitiwat Wattanachai ◽  
Chawanat Sundaranaga ◽  
Thidarat Kridakorn Na Ayutthaya ◽  
Non Phichetkunbodee ◽  
Damrongsak Rinchumphu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Thermal Reduction ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Outdoor Comfort ◽  
Air Circulation

A lower external temperature increases comfort and reduces the chance of heat stress; it can be impacted by the density of the urban area, and this is an important issue for the residents in housing estate developments. Therefore, to sustainably reduce this issue, the external temperature is important to manage for urban public spaces’ development. This article reports the results of studies on increasing thermal comfort in public areas by adding different types of shading into computer programs, Rhinoceros and Grasshopper, to calculate the Universal Thermal Comfort Index (UTCI). Increasing the outdoor comfort can be done by adding shaded areas via large trees that can result in thermal reduction and humidity increase, but they do not obstruct air circulation. The result can be used as a guideline for the design of public spaces in housing estates to meet the outdoor comfort efficiently and support the users’ expectations.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Thermal Comfort Index Analysis under the Air Supply Vent Coupled with the Cross-Flow

2015 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihui Wang ◽  
Xinhui Bai ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Jianshun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
The Cross
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