scholarly journals The common risk factors for progression and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Jie Hou ◽  
Fu-Zhe Ma ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Shuai Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals 946HIV prevalence and common risk factors in three at-risk populations in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Chiaotzu Lee ◽  
Ashraf Docrat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common

Abstract Background Despite the continuing decline of HIV/AIDS incidence and prevalence in the general population of Vietnam, HIV rates remains high in three key subpopulations: injecting drug users (IDUs), men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSWs). This study aims to identify the common sociodemographic characteristics and behavioural risk factors among three key populations for HIV infection in Vietnam. Methods This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise findings from published studies on HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among the three at-risk groups. Five electronic databases were used to identify peer-reviewed articles in relevant topics. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used to estimate pooled prevalence in the combined study population and to determine the effect sizes of the common risk factors on HIV outcome. Results Of the 18 included studies, 6 focused on IDUs, 8 on FSWs and 4 on MSM, accounting for a total of 16,304 participants. The overall prevalence of HIV among the three at-risk groups based on meta-analysis was 11.8% (95%CI: 0.072-0.188). The identified common risk behaviours for HIV infection included injecting drug use (OR: 21.3, 95%CI: 6.5-69.3), sharing injecting equipment (OR: 4.2, 95%CI: 2.1-8.2) and inconsistent condom use (OR: 2.6, 95%CI: 1.5-4.4). The associated socio-demographic characteristics with HIV (+) included young age, single/ unmarried, low education and income. Conclusions/Key messages The findings of this study suggested that injecting drug use may can contribute to developing more affective prevention measures targeting these high-risk groups and reducing the risk of HIV transmission to the general population.

Common risk factors of breast and ovarian cancer: recent view

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Zografos ◽  
M. Panou ◽  
N. Panou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Clinicians, epidemiologists, and public health specialists tend to examine breast and ovarian cancer separately. Although this seems fairly rational and expected, both malignancies are estrogen related and thus share many risk factors. In this review, we investigate the common familial, reproductive, anthropometric, nutritional, and lifestyle risk factors of breast and ovarian cancer. We believe that the parallel examination of the two cancer types could significantly contribute to an improved prevention of “gynecological cancer” as a whole.

scholarly journals Is Pregnancy a Risk Factor for Future Cardiovascular Events?

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 056-062
Author(s):  
Shibba Chhabra ◽  
Ruhani Bali ◽  
Tripat Kaur ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Abhishek Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physiologic State

AbstractPregnancy is a normal physiologic state in a woman's life, and according to traditional beliefs, it may not be predictive of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) lest it is complicated by some adverse events. Contrary to the previous beliefs, the complications are not limited to pregnancy period and may leave permanent vascular and metabolic damage. Factors such as lipid inflammatory pathways and vascular functions play a vital role in determining the cardiovascular risk in pregnancy. In addition to modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors, emerging factors like genetics and epigenetics risk, obesity, metabolic syndrome, lifestyle, inflammatory and hypertensive disorders, and endothelial dysfunction with gestational diabetes help in determining the future CVD.The present debate is an effort to study that besides the common risk factors such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia, preterm delivery, assisted reproductive technology–related pregnancy events, and arrhythmias also have a bearing on future cardiovascular risk of a woman. The awareness in the medical community especially obstetricians, physicians, and cardiologists may play a pivotal role in detecting these complications and appropriate follow-up.

High Spatial Inhomogeneity in the Intima-Media Thickness of the Common Carotid Artery is Associated with a Larger Degree of Stenosis in the Internal Carotid Artery: The PARISK Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeire Steinbuch ◽  
Anouk van Dijk ◽  
Floris Schreuder ◽  
Martine Truijman ◽  
Alexandra de Rotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ica Stenosis

Abstract Purpose Inhomogeneity of arterial wall thickness may be indicative of distal plaques. This study investigates the intra-subject association between relative spatial intima-media thickness (IMT) inhomogeneity of the common carotid artery (CCA) and the degree of stenosis of plaques in the internal carotid artery (ICA). Materials and Methods We included 240 patients with a recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and mild-to-moderate stenosis in the ipsilateral ICA. IMT inhomogeneity was extracted from B-mode ultrasound recordings. The degree of ICA stenosis was assessed on CT angiography according to the European Carotid Surgery Trial method. Patients were divided into groups with a low (≤ 2 %) and a high (> 2 %) IMT inhomogeneity scaled with respect to the local end-diastolic diameter. Results 182 patients had suitable CT and ultrasound measurements. Relative CCA-IMT inhomogeneity was similar for the symptomatic and asymptomatic side (difference: 0.02 %, p = 0.85). High relative IMT inhomogeneity was associated with a larger IMT (difference: 235 µm, p < 0.001) and larger degree of ICA stenosis (difference: 5 %, p = 0.023) which remained significant (p = 0.016) after adjustment for common risk factors. Conclusion Regardless of common risk factors, high relative CCA-IMT inhomogeneity is associated with a greater degree of ICA stenosis and is therefore indicative of atherosclerotic disease. The predictive value of CCA-IMT inhomogeneity for plaque progression and recurrence of cerebrovascular symptoms will be determined in the follow-up phase of PARISK.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR GALLSTONES;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1675-1679
Author(s):  
Frahat Jaleel ◽  
Khalid Rashid ◽  
Nighat Bakhtiar ◽  
Masood Jawaid
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
Bodymass Index

Objectives: To find out the frequency of already recognized risk factor ofGallstones in population of Pakistan. Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed as cholelithiasison ultrasonography were included in the study. Data collection through interview included age,sex, marital status, parity, height and weight. On the basis of height and weight Quetelet’s bodymass index (weight in kg/height in m2) was calculated. Data collected also included Lipid profileData was analyzed by SPSS version 17 for descriptive statistics. Setting and Period: Thisstudy was done at Department of Surgery, Dow University Hospital for a period of 6 monthsfrom February to July 2015. Results: 70% of patients were above 40 years of age, 88% werefemale, and 83.3% were multiparous while only 32% had BMI above 23. Conclusion: Femalegender, fertility, middle age and flatulence are the common risk factors of gallstone formationwhile obesity is not a definite risk factor in Pakistan.

Steatohepatitic Hepatocellular Carcinoma, a Morphologic Indicator of Associated Metabolic Risk Factors: A Study From India

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepali Jain ◽  
Nabeen C. Nayak ◽  
Vinay Kumaran ◽  
Sanjiv Saigal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Persistent Viral Infection ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common

Context.—The common risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include persistent viral infection with either hepatitis B or C virus, alcohol abuse, hemochromatosis, and metabolic syndrome. Steatohepatitic (SH) HCC has been recently recognized as a special morphologic variant of HCC associated with metabolic risk factors. Objective.—To assess the SH pattern in HCC cases of various etiologies in Indian patients and to further correlate this morphology with the presence of metabolic risk factors. Design.—A total of 101 cases of HCC with various etiologies in explanted livers from adults were included in the study. Morphologic examination was performed to identify SH lesions within the tumor and in the nontumorous liver parenchyma. Correlation of nontumor and tumor SH morphology with clinically identifiable metabolic risk factors and with non-SH type of HCC was performed. Results.—The SH variant of HCC was identified in 19 livers (18.8%). Most SH-HCC cases were associated with metabolic risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemias. Comparison of SH-HCC with non–SH-HCC was statistically significant in terms of presence of metabolic risk factors. Conclusions.—Steatohepatitic morphology in HCC is frequent in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease–associated cirrhosis (P = .009) and is significantly associated with metabolic risk factors (P = .03). By recognizing SH pattern, one may predict associated metabolic diseases and determine the prognosis both in pretransplant and posttransplant patients.

scholarly journals DNA methylation of blood cells is associated with prevalent type 2 diabetes in a meta-analysis of four European cohorts

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana L. Juvinao-Quintero ◽  
Riccardo E. Marioni ◽  
Carolina Ochoa-Rosales ◽  
Tom C. Russ ◽  
Ian J. Deary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Variation Explained

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease with well-known genetic and environmental risk factors contributing to its prevalence. Epigenetic mechanisms related to changes in DNA methylation (DNAm), may also contribute to T2D risk, but larger studies are required to discover novel markers, and to confirm existing ones. Results We performed a large meta-analysis of individual epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of prevalent T2D conducted in four European studies using peripheral blood DNAm. Analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMR) was also undertaken, based on the meta-analysis results. We found three novel CpGs associated with prevalent T2D in Europeans at cg00144180 (HDAC4), cg16765088 (near SYNM) and cg24704287 (near MIR23A) and confirmed three CpGs previously identified (mapping to TXNIP, ABCG1 and CPT1A). We also identified 77 T2D associated DMRs, most of them hypomethylated in T2D cases versus controls. In adjusted regressions among diabetic-free participants in ALSPAC, we found that all six CpGs identified in the meta-EWAS were associated with white cell-types. We estimated that these six CpGs captured 11% of the variation in T2D, which was similar to the variation explained by the model including only the common risk factors of BMI, sex, age and smoking (R2 = 10.6%). Conclusions This study identifies novel loci associated with T2D in Europeans. We also demonstrate associations of the same loci with other traits. Future studies should investigate if our findings are generalizable in non-European populations, and potential roles of these epigenetic markers in T2D etiology or in determining long term consequences of T2D.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document