scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR GALLSTONES;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1675-1679
Author(s):  
Frahat Jaleel ◽  
Khalid Rashid ◽  
Nighat Bakhtiar ◽  
Masood Jawaid
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
Bodymass Index

Objectives: To find out the frequency of already recognized risk factor ofGallstones in population of Pakistan. Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed as cholelithiasison ultrasonography were included in the study. Data collection through interview included age,sex, marital status, parity, height and weight. On the basis of height and weight Quetelet’s bodymass index (weight in kg/height in m2) was calculated. Data collected also included Lipid profileData was analyzed by SPSS version 17 for descriptive statistics. Setting and Period: Thisstudy was done at Department of Surgery, Dow University Hospital for a period of 6 monthsfrom February to July 2015. Results: 70% of patients were above 40 years of age, 88% werefemale, and 83.3% were multiparous while only 32% had BMI above 23. Conclusion: Femalegender, fertility, middle age and flatulence are the common risk factors of gallstone formationwhile obesity is not a definite risk factor in Pakistan.

scholarly journals The common risk factors for progression and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Jie Hou ◽  
Fu-Zhe Ma ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Shuai Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common

Intra-Abdominal Hypertension is a Risk Factor for Increased VAP Incidence: A Prospective Cohort Study in the ICU of a Tertiary Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Papakrivou ◽  
Demosthenes Makris ◽  
Efstratios Manoulakas ◽  
Marios Karvouniaris ◽  
Epaminondas Zakynthinos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Hypertension

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) might be increased in cases with intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH). However, despite animal experimentation and physiological studies on humans in favor of this hypothesis, there is no definitive clinical data that IAH is associated with VAP. We therefore aimed to study whether IAH is a risk factor for increased incidence of VAP in critical care patients. This 1-center prospective observational cohort study was conducted in the intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, during 2013 to 2015. Consecutive patients were recruited if they presented risk factors for IAH at admission and were evaluated systematically for IAH and VAP for a 28-day period. Results: Forty-five (36.6%) of 123 patients presented IAH and 45 (36.6%) presented VAP; 24 patients presented VAP following IAH. Cox regression analysis showed that VAP was independently associated with IAH (1.06 [1.01-1.11]; P = .053), while there was an indication for an independent association between VAP and abdominal surgery (1.62 [0.87-3.03]; P = .11] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.79 [0.96-3.37]; P = .06). Conclusions: Intra-abdominal hypertension is an independent risk factor for increased VAP incidence in critically ill patients who present risk factors for IAH at admission to the ICU.

Abstract 242: Prevalence Of Hypertension And Associated Anthropometric Risk Factors In Indigenous Adults Of Guatemala

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MENFIL A ORELLANA-BARRIOS ◽  
Kenneth Nugent ◽  
Camilo Pena ◽  
Herman Sanchez-Barrios ◽  
Jose R Lopez-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Geographical Clustering ◽  
Crude Prevalence

Background: Hypertension epidemiological studies in developing regions of the world like rural Guatemala are lacking. Methods: A sample size of 1,104 subjects (552 females, all 18 years or older) was obtained through quota and geographical clustering in the entire Department of Sololá, Guatemala. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used. Results: Average systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures were significantly higher in men compared to women (116.24 vs. 113.80 mmHg, 75.24 mmHg vs. 72.69 mmHg, and 88.91 mmHg vs. 86.39 mmHg, respectively; all with p<0.05). The crude prevalence of HT was 12.5 % with no gender differences. Women had a significantly higher mean BMI than men (26.25 vs. 24.71, p< 0.001). An abnormally high WC was found in 12.7% of men and in 50.7% of women. Significant associations were found between the presence of HT, age ≥ 55 years and an elevated WC. The single most important isolated risk factor for HT was age in women (OR 6.76, CI 95% 3.59-12.72) and WC in men (OR 3.23, CI 95% 1.52-6.87). Increased BMIs (≥ 25 to 30 or ≥30) were not associated with HT in this study. Residing in Sololá's capital was a protective factor in women (OR 0.33, CI 95% 0.13-0.83). Conclusion: Hypertension and associated anthropometric risk factors are present in rural regions of Guatemala. Significant associations are found between gender, age ≥ 55 years, and increased WC but not with an increased BMI in this population.

scholarly journals Women's knowledge about risk factors, prevention and diagnostics of cervical precancerous changes at colposcopy clinic in Latvia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3091
Author(s):  
Anita Ungure ◽  
Jana Žodžika ◽  
Nellija Lietuviete ◽  
Dace Rezeberga ◽  
Ilva Šenfelde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Women's Knowledge ◽  
Women’S Knowledge ◽  
Colposcopy Clinic

Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in Latvia is one of the highest among European countries. An organized cervical cancer screening program in Latvia was introduced in 2009. Women’s knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer is the key component for successful prevention of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate women’s knowledge about the risk factors, prevention and diagnostic methods of precancerous and invasive disease of the uterine cervix in the main colposcopy clinic in Latvia and to compare women's knowledge before and after their first colposcopy visit.Methods: This was a cross sectional study where 100 women were included while attending their first colposcopy visit at Colposcopy Clinic of Riga East Clinical University Hospital. Study was performed in the period September 2017 to November 2017. Exclusion criteria were colposcopy follow-up examination and pregnancy. The most common reason for a planned colposcopy was suspected precancerous changes during cytology testing.Results: The most common information resources regarding reproductive health were gynaecologist (79%) and mass media (51%). Women knowledge about the risk factors of cervical precancerous changes were as follows: 30% marked smoking and 26% - early onset of the first sexual intercourse. 31% of women knew that vaccination against HPV is an effective prevention. 53% of women considered cervical cytology and 52% - colposcopy as a diagnostic method for precancerous changes. Higher number of women evaluated their general knowledge as sufficient after the visit (10% vs. 30%, p<0.05), but only smoking as a risk factor was recognized significantly more often (30% vs. 42%, p<0.05).Conclusions: Although current study presented specific population of women attending Colposcopy clinic because of suspected precancerous disease, less than a half of women knew risk factors, prevention and diagnostics of these changes. Overall women were satisfied with information they received during their first colposcopy visit, but afterward only knowledge about smoking as a possible risk factor improved significantly. It is important to improve women's knowledge about the meaning of prevention methods in order to increase the awareness of cervical cancer in Latvia.

scholarly journals Personal hygiene risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000476
Author(s):  
Anna Stellwagen ◽  
Cheryl MacGregor ◽  
Roger Kung ◽  
Aristides Konstantopoulos ◽  
Parwez Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Microbial Keratitis ◽  
Contact Lens Wear ◽  
Lens Wear

ObjectiveMicrobial keratitis is a sight-threatening complication of contact lens wear, which affects thousands of patients and causes a significant burden on healthcare services. This study aims to identify compliance with contact lens care recommendations and identify personal hygiene risk factors in patients who develop contact lens-related microbial keratitis.Methods and analysisA case–control study was conducted at the University Hospital Southampton Eye Casualty from October to December 2015. Two participant groups were recruited: cases were contact lens wearers presenting with microbial keratitis and controls were contact lens wearers without infection. Participants underwent face-to-face interviews to identify lens wear practices, including lens type, hours of wear, personal hygiene and sleeping and showering in lenses. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to compare groups.Results37 cases and 41 controls were identified. Showering in contact lenses was identified as the greatest risk factor (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.2 to 8.5; p=0.03), with showering daily in lenses compared with never, increasing the risk of microbial keratitis by over seven times (OR, 7.1; 95% CI, 2.1 to 24.6; p=0.002). Other risks included sleeping in lenses (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 8.6; p=0.026), and being aged 25–39 (OR, 6.38; 95% CI, 1.56 to 26.10; p=0.010) and 40–54 (OR, 4.00; 95% CI 0.96 to 16.61; p=0.056).ConclusionThe greatest personal hygiene risk factor for contact lens-related microbial keratitis was showering while wearing lenses, with an OR of 3.1, which increased to 7.1 if patients showered daily in lenses. The OR for sleeping in lenses was 3.1, and the most at-risk age group was 25–54.

FC04-02 - Traumatic experiences as a risk factor for suicide in adolescence

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1829-1829
Author(s):  
M. Delalle ◽  
K. Dodig-Ćurković ◽  
P. Filaković
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

IntroductionToday, the general interpretation of the etiology of various psychopathological symptoms in adolescence does not talk about causes, but the risk factors.AimWe tried to determine whether traumatic experiences among adolescents represent a risk factor for suicide.MethodsThe study was conducted at the University Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Osijek in 2006. and 2007. years.In the study period we included 100 patients, the experimental group consisted of 50 patients who were admitted to the department for attempted suicide in the order of admission to hospital treatment, the control group consisted of 50 patients admitted to the department for other psychiatric disorders, also in the order of admission to treatment / diagnosed according to DSM IV/.ResultsAge range of 13–18 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of subjects according to age (χ2 = 5289, df = 5, p = .382) and according to sex (χ2 = .694, df = 1, p = .405). In the suicidal group 38 patients (76%) reported traumatic experiences /most in family context/ while in nonsuicidal group 27 patients (54%) what is statistical difference (χ2 = 5319, df = 1, p = .021).ConclusionIn daily psychiatric work we must focus on adolescents who have experienced traumatic experiences and is therefore extremely important in anamnesis always ask for the lived traumatic experience. Family practitioners, specialists in educational institutions, parents and adolescents themselves have a role in early recognition of these risk factors.

scholarly journals Duration of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusCarriage, According to Risk Factors for Acquisition

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1206-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Marschall ◽  
Kathrin Mühlemann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factor ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Definition Of

Objective.To examine the duration of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage and its determinants and the influence of eradication regimens.Design.Retrospective cohort study.Setting.A 1,033-bed tertiary care university hospital in Bern, Switzerland, in which the prevalence of methicillin resistance amongS. aureusisolates is less than 5%.Patients.A total of 116 patients with first-time MRSA detection identified at University Hospital Bern between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2003, were followed up for a mean duration of 16.2 months.Results.Sixty-eight patients (58.6%) cleared colonization, with a median time to clearance of 7.4 months. Independent determinants for shorter carriage duration were the absence of any modifiable risk factor (receipt of antibiotics, use of an indwelling device, or presence of a skin lesion) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.20 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.09-0.42]), absence of immunosuppressive therapy (HR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.23-1.02]), and hemodialysis (HR, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.01-0.66]) at the time MRSA was first MRSA detected and the administration of decolonization regimen in the absence of a modifiable risk factor (HR, 2.22 [95% CI, 1.36-3.64]). Failure of decolonization treatment was associated with the presence of risk factors at the time of treatment (P= .01). Intermittent screenings that were negative for MRSA were frequent (26% of patients), occurred early after first detection of MRSA (median, 31.5 days), and were associated with a lower probability of clearing colonization (HR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.17-0.67]) and an increased risk of MRSA infection during follow-up.Conclusions.Risk factors for MRSA acquisition should be carefully assessed in all MRSA carriers and should be included in infection control policies, such as the timing of decolonization treatment, the definition of MRSA clearance, and the decision of when to suspend isolation measures.

Common risk factors of breast and ovarian cancer: recent view

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Zografos ◽  
M. Panou ◽  
N. Panou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Clinicians, epidemiologists, and public health specialists tend to examine breast and ovarian cancer separately. Although this seems fairly rational and expected, both malignancies are estrogen related and thus share many risk factors. In this review, we investigate the common familial, reproductive, anthropometric, nutritional, and lifestyle risk factors of breast and ovarian cancer. We believe that the parallel examination of the two cancer types could significantly contribute to an improved prevention of “gynecological cancer” as a whole.

scholarly journals Is Pregnancy a Risk Factor for Future Cardiovascular Events?

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 056-062
Author(s):  
Shibba Chhabra ◽  
Ruhani Bali ◽  
Tripat Kaur ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Abhishek Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physiologic State

AbstractPregnancy is a normal physiologic state in a woman's life, and according to traditional beliefs, it may not be predictive of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) lest it is complicated by some adverse events. Contrary to the previous beliefs, the complications are not limited to pregnancy period and may leave permanent vascular and metabolic damage. Factors such as lipid inflammatory pathways and vascular functions play a vital role in determining the cardiovascular risk in pregnancy. In addition to modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors, emerging factors like genetics and epigenetics risk, obesity, metabolic syndrome, lifestyle, inflammatory and hypertensive disorders, and endothelial dysfunction with gestational diabetes help in determining the future CVD.The present debate is an effort to study that besides the common risk factors such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia, preterm delivery, assisted reproductive technology–related pregnancy events, and arrhythmias also have a bearing on future cardiovascular risk of a woman. The awareness in the medical community especially obstetricians, physicians, and cardiologists may play a pivotal role in detecting these complications and appropriate follow-up.

Hyperlipidemia in Patients with Periodontitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
A. Haerian-Ardakani ◽  
Mohammadreza Talebi-Ardakani ◽  
I. Tabatabaie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Periodontitis is a bacterial infection, which has been classified as a local chronic inflammation. This, as well as cardiovascular disease, may share common risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, behavioral factors, aging, and male gender. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between hyperlipidemia and periodontitis. Materials & Methods The levels of plasma lipids in 40 subjects with periodontitis (CPITN score III or IV, pocket depth 4 mm) with mean age 32.3 ±1.2 years were measured and compared with those obtained from 40 age and sex matched controls. Both groups were systemically healthy according to their medical history. Results Total cholesterol (CHL) and triglycerides (TG) were significantly higher in the case group (P=0.045 and P=0.016, respectively). HDL and LDL cholesterols were higher in patients but did not have any significant differences with controls. The frequency of persons with pathologic values of TG and CHL were significantly higher in cases compared with controls. Conclusions These results showed hyperlipidemia may be associated with periodontitis in healthy people. However, it is unclear whether periodontitis causes an increase in levels of serum lipids or hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for both periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Citation Moeintaghavi A, Haerian-Ardakani A, Talebi-Ardakani M, Tabatabaie I. Hyperlipidemia in Patients with Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:078-085.

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