scholarly journals Smallholder perceptions of land restoration activities: rewetting tropical peatland oil palm areas in Sumatra, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Ward ◽  
Lindsay C. Stringer ◽  
Eleanor Warren-Thomas ◽  
Fahmuddin Agus ◽  
Merry Crowson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
Drainage Canals ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
The Government ◽  
Restoration Target ◽  
Peat Fires ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe Indonesian government committed to restoring over 2 million ha of degraded peatland by the end of 2020, mainly to reduce peat fires and greenhouse gas emissions. Although it is unlikely the government will meet this target, restoration projects are still underway. One restoration strategy involves blocking peatland drainage canals, but the consequences of this for smallholder farmers whose livelihoods are dependent on agriculture are unclear. This paper investigates perceived impacts of canal blocks on smallholder farmers and identifies factors that affect their willingness to accept canal blocks on their land. We use data from 181 household questionnaires collected in 2018 across three villages in Jambi province, Sumatra. We found that the majority of respondents would accept canal blocks on their farms, perceiving that the blocks would have no impact on yields or farm access, and would decrease fire risk. Respondents who would not accept blocks on their farms were more likely to use canals to access their farms and perceive that canal blocks would decrease yields. The majority of farmers unwilling to accept canal blocks did not change their mind when provided with an option of a block that would allow boat travel. Our results improve understanding of why some smallholders may be unwilling to engage with peatland restoration. Further research is needed to understand the impact of canal blocks on smallholders’ yields. Engaging with stakeholders from the outset to understand farmers’ concerns, and perceptions is key if the government is to succeed in meeting its peatland restoration target and to ensure that the costs and benefits of restoration are evenly shared between local stakeholders and other actors.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ZIMBABWE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-182
Author(s):  
David Mhlanga ◽  
◽  
Steven Henry Dunga ◽  
Tankiso Moloi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The study sought to investigate the impact of financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Zimbabwe among the smallholder farmers. It is alleged that financial inclusion can help in achieving seven of the seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs), which include poverty eradication in all its forms everywhere, ending hunger, achieving food security, ensuring improved nutrition as well as promoting sustainable agriculture and many others. Using the simple regression method, the study discovered that financial inclusion has a strong impact on poverty reduction among smallholder farmers. The study went on to discover that, for the government to tackle poverty especially among the smallholder farmers, it is important to ensure that farmers do participate in the financial sector through saving, borrowing and taking out insurance among other services. So, it is important for the government of Zimbabwe to fully implement policies that encourage financial inclusion such as making sure that farmers find it easy to access financial institutions and encouraging financial institutions to review transaction costs like bank account opening charges periodically, implementing financial education programs among the farmers because these variables are important in influencing farmers to participate or preventing them from using financial services.

scholarly journals Effectiveness Of Peatland Restoration Implementation In Riau Province

2019 ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Febri Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
The Government

The peat phenomenon that occurs in Riau Province negatively impacts the environmental conditions resulting from the management and utilization of peat ecosystem areas that are out of control and irresponsible. For example, forest fires and land that occurred have an impact of smoke haze that hit Riau and Sumatra region. This study aims to analyze the Effectiveness of Peat Restoration in Riau Province. This research is done by using qualitative method. The peatland restoration program that has been established in several districts in Riau Province is also influenced by several factors that influence the implementation process, including the following: (1) Conceptualization of Peatland Restoration Program. Since the restoration program has been rolled out, there are still many parties who do not understand what peatland restoration is. This caused inequality in the implementation of the restoration program. So far, the community considers restoration of peatlands to the extent of government tasks, and for local governments the restoration program is only a pilot project of the central government. In fact, it is wrong, therefore the conceptualization of this restoration must be clear and submitted continuously to the government apparatus, stakeholders and the community. (2) Implementing Institutional Preparedness The readiness of the implementing agency in this case is whether the institutions involved in this peat land restoration program are ready to implement with all the preparations in the form of activity designs, socialization to be performed, supporting funding, and how to respond to society. (3) The Encouragement of Good Local and Formal Figures at Provincial, District, District and Village Levels. In implementing peatland restoration programs, encouragement or support of parties other than those of the relevant official are indispensable, both formal and informal. The conclusions of this study indicate that overall government efforts to implement peat restoration have not been too effective. Some districts have successfully restored their peatlands but in some districts peat restoration has not been an important agenda in the formulation and implementation of policies in the district

scholarly journals Kolaborasi Multi Aktor dalam Program Restorasi Gambut di Provinsi Riau

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-113
Author(s):  
Agung Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Strategic Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
Peat Fires ◽  
The Impact

Peat restoration as a government strategic program is a hot issue. This was initially thought to be the result of forest and peat fires which were the source of the worst smoke disasters in 2015. The World Bank estimated the impact of economic losses at Rp. 221 Trilliuns. In accordance with Perpres No. 1 In 2016, the government established the Peat Restoration Agency which became the leader in the implementation of peat restoration in Indonesia. It is important to note that peat restoration was designed with the framework of collaboration with many actors. Governments, communities, NGOs and the private sector are key actors in implementing peat restoration (collaborative governance). The actor's approach is the focus of this research by using collaborative governance theory as the main framework of research. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Researchers found that there was a failure of collaboration between actors in the peat restoration program in Riau. The unclear status of the Regional Peat Restoration Team (TRGD) and the inactivity of the Riau Provincial Government in supporting the peat restoration agenda are the findings of this study. Researchers see there are several factors that cause it to happen. Economic factors are the main because peat restoration is related to investment in forestry and oil palm plantations. Then the cause of the failure of collaboration between these actors was also caused by the lack of commitment from political leaders in Riau.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Oil Palm Partnerships to Increased Income of Plasma Farmers: A Study at PT. Windu Nabatindo Lestari (WNL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Indra Kurniawan ◽  
Olivia Elfatma ◽  
Subakho Aryo Saloko ◽  
Heri Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Partnership Program

The income level of smallholder farmers can only meet their daily needs due to the location's remote location and the difficulty of communication access. Based on this, the Government seeks to formulate policies that are expected to have a real impact on increasing the productivity of smallholdings and improving the welfare of farmers. One of the efforts made is the Primary Member Cooperative Credit (KKPA). The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of the partnership program at the Windu Nabatindo Lestari (WNL) company in the KKPA scheme, a program to improve the welfare of plasma farmers. The research method is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach using purposive sampling. Research respondents were 60 plasma farmers. Data collection techniques include field observations, in-depth interviews with questionnaires, and analysis of company documents. The results showed an increase in the welfare of plasma farmers after the partnership program. The partnership program at the Windu Nabatindo Lestari (WNL) company under the KKPA scheme positively impacts the welfare of plasma farmers in Pundu Village, Cempaga Hulu District East Kotawaringin, Central Kalimantan. The frequency of the number of plasma farmers who experienced increased income before and after the KKPA program was 83.3%.

scholarly journals Do Agricultural Package Programs Improve the Welfare of Rural People? Evidence from Smallholder Farmers in Ethiopia

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Araya Teka ◽  
Sung-Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Instrumental Variable Method ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to assess the welfare status and analyze the impact of participation in farm package programs on the welfare of smallholder farmers. We used three round panel data of 789 households from the Eastern zone of Tigray, and the fixed effect instrumental variable method was employed in the estimation. The study found that consumption expenditure, income, and asset per capita of the households increased across the survey years. The participation of households in the integrated package programs has a positive and statistically significant impact on the consumption expenditure and calorie per adult equivalent, but not the income and asset per capita of the households. Also, affects the consumption expenditure per adult equivalent of the married households. To enhance the welfare of the beneficiaries, the provision of the package programs should align with the local resource endowment, focus on youth, widowed and divorced households and the government should prioritize and limit the number of packages that households can participate in.

scholarly journals Impact of high yielding wheat varieties adoption on farm income of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Regasa D. Wake ◽  
Degye G. Habteyesus
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to assess impact of adoption of high yielding wheat varieties on farm income in Mao-Komo district of Benishangul-Gumuz, Ethiopia. The study used cross-sectional data collected from sample of 174 farm households selected through two-stage stratified random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics and econometric models were used to analyze the data. Propensity score matching (PSM) applied to analyze the impact of adoption on farm income. The result of the PSM estimation showed that adoption of high yielding wheat varieties has significant impact on farm income of treated households as compared to the control groups. The treated households had earned farm income of about 21452 Ethiopian Birr per year while the untreated smallholders earned farm income of only 11141 Ethiopian Birr. The average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) of farm income of adopters is greater than non-adopters that has brought about 9 % increases in farm income of smallholders. The findings suggest that the government and stakeholders should need to focus on improving farm land and livestock productivity, strengthening the provision of education, and frequency of extension visits, encouraging participation in non-farm activities, creating reliable information and awareness towards farmers’ perceptions, and improving infrastructures in the area. Finally, further support of high yielding wheat varieties adoption should be given due attention for its impact on farm income generation of smallholders. 

scholarly journals Operational challenges faced by smallholder farmers: a case of Ethekwini Metropolitan in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Mutero ◽  
Elias Munapo ◽  
Phemelo Seaketso
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Access To Technology ◽  
Asset Based Community Development ◽  
Capital Access ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
The Impact

The study is aimed at establishing the impact of access to capital, access to markets, access to information and access to technology on competitiveness of smallholder farmers on the market in Ethekwini Metropolitan in South Africa. A questionnaire is used as a research instrument. A total of 100 participants was sampled from a population of 485 smallholder farmers in Ethekwini Metropolitan. From the sample, 21% were male and 79% were female. All respondents were all from the African race. The study reveales that access to funding, access to markets, access to information and access to technology not only influenced viability of the smallholder farmers in Ethekwini Metropolitan, but also that the smallholder farmers were not getting enough access to all four stated variables. Of the 100 farmers, 66% of the smallholder farmers had plots with less than 0.5 acres under cultivation. Another finding was that even though the farmers had basic tools to work with, they required funding to acquire irrigation, water storage facilities, transport and tractors. As far as passing information to farmers is concerned, the farmers mostly preferred extension visits.The study recommends that well equipped agricultural resource centres be established in all the agricultural hubs. It is also recommended that the government employs an asset based community development approach when funding smallholder farmers and that the smallholder farmers and other stakeholders be conscientized on the concept of sustainable farming

scholarly journals Monitoring and assessment of fire consequences in the Republic of Buryatia

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Astrakhantseva ◽  
V. V. Garmyshev
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The article aims to study statistical data on the consequences of fires in the Republic of Buryatia from 2009 to 2020 using the methods of social and mathematical statistics. The study is relevant due to the current situation with fires and integral fire risk indicators in the municipalities. Man-made fires have been a source of increased danger to health and lives of the population, causing great material damage. Fires are a direct threat to the demographic situation in the region since they cause premature mortality. For households, fires undermine social status, destroy social units, cause moral harm aggravating stress, which provokes illnesses. From the technical point of view, man-made fires create risks for dilapidated houses and facilities that do not meet the fire safety requirements. The Republic of Buryatia is a region with a weak degree of industrial development and a vast territory with a low distribution of settlements, i.e. considerable remoteness from the regional centers. The impact of fires (which make up 99% of all types of emergency situation) on the social well-being of the population is studied. Based on the methodology and calculations of fire risks by the number of fires, injured and killed, material damage and destroyed buildings, it was established that the level of protection of residents of Buryatia from fire risks is insufficient. The indicators should encourage the government to develop and implement effective safety measures.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF INDONESIA CAPITAL RELOCATION TO KALIMANTAN PEATLAND RESTORATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-241
Author(s):  
Theresia ◽  
Ricky Martin Sihombing ◽  
Florentina Simanungkalit
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

East Kalimantan is the location designated by President Jokowi Dodo as the new capital city of Indonesia. In terms of autonomy, the reason for moving the capital city according to the government is for the sake of equitable development. Decentralization is the idea and spirit of the founders of the state, with division of territories including their powers. This is stated in the provisions of Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution which encourage the implementation of regional autonomy in a broad and concrete manner, with the hope that disadvantaged areas can develop themselves and align themselves with other regions in order to advance welfare. The relocation of the new capital city will create new problems in this country, not only peat problems, but will result in ecological disasters. It is hoped that the relocation of the capital city will really be studied and evaluated because it will seriously threaten the sustainability of peatlands in East Kalimantan, where 0.3 million hectares are peatlands. The role of local government is very important because in its implementation in realizing good environmental governance, the ability of local governments to protect and manage the environment is needed. This study uses a qualitative research approach which is a scientific method used and carried out by a group of researchers in the field of social sciences, including education. Keywords: Peatland Restoration, Political Ecology, Respons to Indonesia Capital Relocation, Decentralization, Regional Autonomy

The Great Green Wall in the Sahel

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheikh Mbow
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Green Wall ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The Government

For several decades, the Sahelian countries have been facing continuing rainfall shortages, which, coupled with anthropogenic factors, have severely disrupted the great ecological balance, leading the area in an inexorable process of desertification and land degradation. The Sahel faces a persistent problem of climate change with high rainfall variability and frequent droughts, and this is one of the major drivers of population’s vulnerability in the region. Communities struggle against severe land degradation processes and live in an unprecedented loss of productivity that hampers their livelihoods and puts them among the populations in the world that are the most vulnerable to climatic change. In response to severe land degradation, 11 countries of the Sahel agreed to work together to address the policy, investment, and institutional barriers to establishing a land-restoration program that addresses climate change and land degradation. The program is called the Pan-Africa Initiative for the Great Green Wall (GGW). The initiative aims at helping to halt desertification and land degradation in the Sahelian zone, improving the lives and livelihoods of smallholder farmers and pastoralists in the area and helping its populations to develop effective adaptation strategies and responses through the use of tree-based development programs. To make the GGW initiative successful, member countries have established a coordinated and integrated effort from the government level to local scales and engaged with many stakeholders. Planning, decision-making, and actions on the ground is guided by participation and engagement, informed by policy-relevant knowledge to address the set of scalable land-restoration practices, and address drivers of land use change in various human-environmental contexts. In many countries, activities specific to achieving the GGW objectives have been initiated in the last five years.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document