The effect of anode degradation on energy demand and production efficiency of electrochemically precipitated struvite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Kékedy-Nagy ◽  
Mojtaba Abolhassani ◽  
Ruhi Sultana ◽  
Zahra Anari ◽  
Kristofor R. Brye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Anode Degradation

scholarly journals A probabilistic approach to include the overall efficiency of gas-fired heating systems in urban building energy modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012105
Author(s):  
K Ritosa ◽  
I De Jaeger ◽  
D Saelens ◽  
S Roels
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Energy Modelling ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Abstract Urban building energy modelling has an essential role in the estimation of energy demand at urban or neighbourhood scales. However, current modelling methods have limitations in reproducing realistic gross energy usage. Although it is theoretically possible to simulate all components of the heating system in detail, such an extensive approach significantly increases the computational effort, prohibiting a large scale probabilistic analysis. As an alternative, this paper presents a simplified data-driven approach to estimate the overall efficiency for the six most occurring gas-fired heating system configurations in Flemish single-family dwellings. For all configurations, efficiencies of emission, distribution, production, control and storage components are taken into account, of which the efficiency of the production unit is modelled most in detail as it includes the load-dependency. The approach is applied to a sample of 20 dwellings reflecting realistic variation in size, insulation quality and occupancy schedules. For all dwellings and the different heating systems the resulting annual production efficiency, and monthly heating systems’ efficiency as a function of gross energy demand are shown based on the 25th, 50th and 75th percentile.

scholarly journals A Framework for Optimal Placement of Rooftop Photovoltaic: Maximizing Solar Production and Operational Cost Savings in Residential Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawad El Kontar ◽  
Xin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Operational Energy ◽  
Utility Rate

Abstract Optimizing the placement of photovoltaic (PV) panels on residential buildings has the potential to significantly increase energy efficiency benefits to both homeowners and communities. Strategic PV placement can lower electricity costs by reducing the electricity fed from the grid during on-peak hours, while maintaining PV panel efficiency in terms of the amount of solar radiation received. In this article, we present a framework that identifies the ideal location of PV panels on residential rooftops. Our framework combines energy and environmental simulation, parametric modeling, and optimization to inform PV placement as it relates to and affects the entire community (in terms of both energy use and financial cost), as well as individual buildings. Ensuring that our framework accounts for shading from nearby buildings, different utility rate structures, and different buildings’ energy demand profiles means that existing communities and future housing developments can be optimized for energy savings and PV efficiency. The framework comprises two workflows, each contributing to optimal PV placement with a unique target: (a) maximizing PV panel efficiency (i.e., solar generation) and (b) minimizing operational energy cost considering utility rate structures for operational energy. We apply our framework to a residential community in Fort Collins, Colorado, to demonstrate the optimal PV placement, considering the two workflow targets. We present our results and illustrate the effect of PV location and orientation on solar energy production efficiency and operational energy cost.

scholarly journals Solving Just-in-Time Single Machine Scheduling with Variable Discrete Speed Machine using Hybrid NSGA-II

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
Bobby Kurniawan ◽  
Ade Irman ◽  
Evi Febianti ◽  
K Kulsum ◽  
Lely Herlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Local Search ◽  
Single Machine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Machine Scheduling ◽  
Single Machine Scheduling ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Nsga Ii

Due to industrialization and population growth, increasing energy demand can lead to energy scarcity because non-renewable resources are primarily used as energy sources. In addition, carbon dioxide gas, the waste of industrialization, can harm the environment. Therefore, environmentally friendly methods are encouraged in the industrial environment as energy preservation and climate change mitigation. This research discusses just-in-time single machine scheduling that takes into account energy consumption. In this research, energy consumption depends on the machine’s speed. The objectives are minimizing the just-in-time (JIT) penalty (the sum of weighted earliness/tardiness) and energy consumption. This research proposed a hybrid NSGA-II with a local search to solve the multi-objective scheduling problem. Thus, solving the JIT single-machine scheduling problem considers energy consumption to conserve energy and increase production efficiency. Numerical experiments demonstrated that the hybrid NSGA-II with local search is more effective than the standard NSGA-II in solving the problem. Therefore, decision-makers can use the scheduling model to select alternative solutions that consider energy and the environment without sacrificing efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of Perforation Interval Design on Gas Production from the Validated Hydrate-Bearing Deposits with Layered Heterogeneity by Depressurization

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yingli Xia ◽  
Tianfu Xu ◽  
Yilong Yuan ◽  
Xin Xin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Gas Release ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Hydrate Dissociation ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir ◽  
Production Wells

Natural gas hydrate is considered as one of the best potential alternative resource to address the world’s energy demand. The available geological data at the Mallik site of Canada indicates the vertical heterogeneities of hydrate reservoir petrophysical properties. According to the logging data and sample analysis results at the Mallik 2L-38 well, a 2D model of geologically descriptive hydrate-bearing sediments was established to investigate the multiphase flow behaviors in hydrate reservoir induced by gas recovery and the effects of perforation interval on gas production performance. Firstly, the constructed model with vertical heterogeneous structures of permeability, porosity, and hydrate saturation was validated by matching the measured data in the Mallik 2007 test. The excessive residual methane in the hydrate reservoir observed in simulated results indicates insufficient gas production efficiency. For more effective methane recovery from a hydrate reservoir, the effect of perforation interval on long-term gas production performance was investigated based on the validated reservoir model. The simulation results suggest that both the location and length of the perforation interval have significant impact on hydrate dissociation behavior, while the gas production performance is mainly affected by the length of the perforation interval. To be specific, an excellent gas release performance is found in situations where the perforation interval is set at the interface between a hydrate reservoir and an underlying water-saturated zone. By increasing the perforation interval lengths of 5 m, 8 m, and 10 m, the gas release volumes from hydrate dissociation and gas production volumes from production wells are increased by 34%, 52%, and 57% and 37%, 58%, and 62%, respectively.

The use of numerical analysis of the injection process to select the material for the injection molding

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 963-976
Author(s):  
Tomasz Jachowicz ◽  
Ivan Gajdoš ◽  
Vlastimil Cech ◽  
Volodymyr Krasinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Molded Part ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The article presents the methodology of using the results of computer simulation of the injection process to assess the suitability of the material for the injection molding. Computer simulation of the basic phenomena occurring during the filling phase, packing, and cooling phase of the injection molding provides a number of different results, containing typical information both on the suggested technological parameters of the process and on the dimensional accuracy of the molded part, but also allows obtaining data on the production efficiency and energy demand of the processing machine. On the basis of this information, it is possible to assess the suitability of the polymer materials used in the simulation, intended for the production of products from a specific industry, taking into account various criteria, mainly of an economic or qualitative nature.

Designing Tools To Improve Rod Pumping Performance In Hostile Production Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Fu ◽  
kuanliang Zhu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jingjing Xu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Large Reservoir ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pumping Wells ◽  
High Production

Abstract In oil and gas industry, it is inevitable that the developed reserve will gradually become exhausted. Under such circumstance, in order to stabilize oil production and meet increasing energy demand, we have no choice but to improve oil recovery from matured field as much as possible, since finding new large reservoir is quite hard in the future. For Jidong Oilfield in China, a lot of method can be used for improving oil production, one of which is deep pumping method by increasing pump setting depth, especially for depleted reservoir. Deep pumping method can be helpful to lower bottom hole pressure and enlarge drawdown pressure between producing layer and downhole. Not only can this method generate more power to displace oil from reservoir to well and subsequently increase oil drainage area, leading to higher oil recovery, but also can boost pump fillage and finally obtain high production efficiency. Even though, this method still brings many disadvantages. In Jidong Oilfield, we sometimes set the 1.5in pump at over 3000m depth (in this paper, all well related are rod pumping wells), where varied problems happened as followed:

scholarly journals Utilization of Low-Rank Coals for Producing Syngas to Meet the Future Energy Needs: Technical and Economic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10724
Author(s):  
Usama Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Arsalan Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hassan Zeb ◽  
Umer Zahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Low Rank Coals

Increased energy demand in recent decades has resulted in both an energy crisis and carbon emissions. As a result, the development of cleaner fuels has been under the research spotlight. Low-rank coals are geographically dispersed, abundant, and cheap but are not utilized in conventional processes. Syngas can be produced from coal-using gasification which can be used in various chemical engineering applications. In this study, the process model for syngas production from low-rank coal is developed and the effects of various process parameters on syngas composition are evaluated, followed by a technical and economic evaluation. The syngas production rate for the low-rank coal has been evaluated as 25.5 kg/s, and the contribution to H2 and CO production is estimated as 1.59 kg/s and 23.93 kg/s, respectively. The overall syngas production and energy consumed in the process was evaluated as 27.68 kg/GJ, and the CO2 specific emissions were calculated as 0.20 (mol basis) for each unit of syngas production. The results revealed that the syngas production efficiency for low-rank coals can be as high as 50.86%. Furthermore, the economic analysis revealed that the investment and minimum selling prices per tonne of syngas production are EUR 163.92 and EUR 180.31, respectively.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic Electric Energy Production Efficiency of Photovoltaic Panels in Single-Family Homes in Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Janusz Majewski ◽  
Agnieszka Sobolewska
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Building Orientation ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Investment Location ◽  
Family House

An increase in energy demand that is caused by fast economic development, a limited and constantly decreasing supply of traditional energy sources, as well as excessive environmental pollution that is caused by an increasing concentration of dust and gases in the atmosphere constitute the main factors that contribute to the ever-increasing interest in renewable sources of energy. The most important and promising renewable source of energy is thought to be solar energy. The aim of the paper is to assess the macroeconomic investment efficiency of photovoltaic installations in order to meet the demand for electric energy in single-family homes in Polish conditions. The conducted analysis comprises market characteristics and legal regulations concerning the sale of electric energy in Poland. Calculations were made for 320 variants that differed with regard to investment location, building orientation, and roof inclination. The results indicate that the most beneficial region for photovoltaic micro-installations, from a social perspective, is the south-east of and central Poland. The highest values of economic efficiency were achieved in the case of a southern roof inclination as well as a south-eastern and south-western building orientation. No big differences were observed in the economic investment efficiency for the panel inclinations. The calculated Discounted Payback Period, depending on the calculation method, equals 5.4 to 10 years. The results of the study confirm that the implemented support instruments for investments in photovoltaic installations producing energy for single-family house demand is economically viable.

A novel ligand with –NH2 and –COOH-decorated Co/Fe-based oxide for an efficient overall water splitting: dual modulation roles of active sites and local electronic structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6266-6273
Author(s):  
Yalan Zhang ◽  
Zebin Yu ◽  
Ronghua Jiang ◽  
Jung Huang ◽  
Yanping Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
Local Electronic Structure ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Excellent electrochemical water splitting with remarkable durability can provide a solution to satisfy the increasing global energy demand in which the electrode materials play an important role.

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