scholarly journals Mechanical properties of all-cellulose composites from end-of-life textiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnaz Baghaei ◽  
Sam Compiet ◽  
Mikael Skrifvars
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Matrix Component ◽  
Tensile Impact ◽  
Cotton Fibres ◽  
Cellulose Composites ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract This paper reports the recycling of end-of-life cellulose containing textiles by fabrication of all-cellulose composites (ACCs). Discharged denim fabrics were used as the reinforcement while dissolved cellulose from two different cellulose resources was used as the matrix phase. Virgin cotton fibres and recovered cotton from polyester/cotton (polycotton) waste fabrics were used to form the matrix phase. The process comprises preparing a 6 wt% cellulose solution by dissolving cellulose solution in a ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate ([BMIM][Ac]), this solution acted as a precursor for the matrix component. The denim fabrics were first embedded in the cellulose/IL solution followed by removal of the IL by washing to form the composite. The effect of reuse of the recovered IL by distillation was also investigated. The mechanical properties of the obtained ACCs were determined regarding tensile, impact and flexural properties. Fabricated ACC composite laminates were further characterised regarding structure by scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Effects of Cobalt Content on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Cavitation Erosion Resistance of HVOF Sprayed Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Bai ◽  
Chen ◽  
Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
Hvof Spraying ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cavitation Erosion Resistance

Cobalt-based alloy coatings and WC-Co-based ceramic–metal (cermet) coatings have been widely used because of their desirable mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In this work, the influence of Co content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and cavitation erosion (CE) resistance were investigated. A cobalt-based alloy coating, a WC-12Co coating, and a WC-17Co cermet coating were deposited by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying on 1Cr18Ni9Ti substrates. Results indicate that the cobalt-based alloy coating had the largest surface roughness because surface-bonded particles of lower plastic deformation were flattened. The existence of WC particles had led to an increase in hardness and improved the fracture toughness due to inhibit crack propagation. The pore appeared at the interface between WC particles, and the matrix phase had introduced an increase in porosity. With the increase in Co content, the cohesion between matrix friction and WC particles increased and then decreased the porosity (from 0.99% to 0.84%) and surface roughness (Ra from 4.49 to 2.47 μm). It can be concluded that the hardness had decreased (from 1181 to 1120 HV0.3) with a decrease in WC hard phase content. On the contrary, the fracture toughness increased (from 4.57 to 4.64 MPa∙m1/2) due to higher energy absorption in the matrix phase. The WC-12Co and WC-17Co coatings with higher hardness and fracture toughness exhibited better CE resistance than the cobalt-based alloy coating, increasing more than 20% and 16%, respectively. Especially, the WC-12Co coating possessed the best CE resistance and is expected to be applicable in the hydraulic machineries.

Evaluation of mechanical properties of fiber reinforced composites filled with hollow spheres: A micromechanics approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832094964
Author(s):  
Mojde Biarjemandi ◽  
Ehsan Etemadi ◽  
Mojtaba Lezgy-Nazargah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Matrix

Recent researches show that the embedment of hollow spheres in the matrix phase of composite materials improves the strength of these structures against crack propagations. Rare studies are reported for calculating equivalent elastic constants of fiber reinforced composites containing hollow spheres. In this paper, the effects of hollow spheres on mechanical characteristics of fiber reinforced composite are studied for the first time. To achieve this aim, a micromechanics based finite element method is employed. Representative volume elements (RVEs) including hollow spheres with different radius, thickness and volume fraction of hollow spheres, are modeled by using 3D finite elements. The equivalent elastic constants are calculated through homogenization technique. The results are compared with available experimental works. Good agreements find between two sets of results. Also, the volume fraction, number and thickness of hollow spheres as effective parameters on mechanical properties of composite were investigated. The results show the equivalent elastic properties increase with increasing the volume fraction and number of hollow spheres and decrease with increasing the number of hollow spheres. Furthermore, the equivalent Young’s modulus in transverse directions to the fiber direction and shear modulus of the composite increase with increasing the thickness of hollow spheres. As a final result, the presence of hollow spheres in the matrix phase generally increases the equivalent elastic constants without significant changes in the weight of structures.

Biomedical Applications: Composite Metal Alloys with Additives

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 337-340
Author(s):  
Rohaya Abdullah ◽  
Nur Maizatul Shima Adzali ◽  
Zuraidawani Che Daud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Matrix Component ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Modifying Additive

Recently, many researchers focused on biocompability, corrosion resistance and properties behavior of implant materials in order to length the endoprostheses life. One of the rapid development areas of research is in the biomaterials field. Historically the uses of biomaterials has been to replace diseased or damaged tissues. This present paper reviews the research works carried out in the field of composite metal alloys reinforced with additive and to analyze the influence of modifying additive on mechanical properties of composite materials on the cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti) and magnesium (Mg) based alloy. The desirable mechanical properties of the matrix component compensate for the poor mechanical behavior of the biomaterials, while in turn the desirable bioactive properties of the additives improve those of metal alloys. The following additives were reviewed for research: poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluoroapatite (FA) and bioglass. Results show that these composites can be the alternative materials for biomedical applications.

Cure kinetics and autoclave-pressure dependence on physical and mechanical properties of woven carbon/epoxy 8552S/AS4 composite laminates

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110284
Author(s):  
Abd Baghad ◽  
Khalil El Mabrouk ◽  
Sébastien Vaudreuil ◽  
Khalid Nouneh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cure Kinetics ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

The final mechanical properties of composite laminates are highly dependent on their curing cycles in the autoclave. During this cycle, the temperature, pressure, vacuum, and treatment time will influence the quality of manufactured parts. The void content is considered the most harmful defects in carbon/epoxy laminates since they weaken the matrix-dominated mechanical properties such as interlaminar shear and compressive strengths. In the present work, differential scanning calorimetry is used to characterize the influence of time/temperature on the behavior of the epoxy resin. Then, a series of [0/90/−45/+45]s laminates composites are autoclave-cured under various applied pressures to evaluate their impact on microstructure and mechanical properties. The interlaminar shear modulus, interlaminar shear strength, laminate compressive modulus, and laminate compressive strength at room and operating engine temperature were measured. The correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties was also studied. The mechanical properties of manufactured carbon/epoxy laminates are found to be dependent on pressure and microstructure. These results are explored to establish an optimal autoclave pressure route that would minimize porosity without counterbalancing mechanical properties.

scholarly journals A Polymer for Application as a Matrix Phase in a Concept of In Situ Curable Bioresorbable Bioactive Load-Bearing Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composite Fracture Fixation Plates

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1256
Author(s):  
Artem Plyusnin ◽  
Jingwei He ◽  
Cindy Elschner ◽  
Miho Nakamura ◽  
Julia Kulkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Novel Concept

The use of bioresorbable fracture fixation plates made of aliphatic polyesters have good potential due to good biocompatibility, reduced risk of stress-shielding, and eliminated need for plate removal. However, polyesters are ductile, and their handling properties are limited. We suggested an alternative, PLAMA (PolyLActide functionalized with diMethAcrylate), for the use as the matrix phase for the novel concept of the in situ curable bioresorbable load-bearing composite plate to reduce the limitations of conventional polyesters. The purpose was to obtain a preliminary understanding of the chemical and physical properties and the biological safety of PLAMA from the prospective of the novel concept. Modifications with different molecular masses (PLAMA-500 and PLAMA-1000) were synthesized. The efficiency of curing was assessed by the degree of convergence (DC). The mechanical properties were obtained by tensile test and thermomechanical analysis. The bioresorbability was investigated by immersion in simulated body fluid. The biocompatibility was studied in cell morphology and viability tests. PLAMA-500 showed better DC and mechanical properties, and slower bioresorbability than PLAMA-1000. Both did not prevent proliferation and normal morphological development of cells. We concluded that PLAMA-500 has potential for the use as the matrix material for bioresorbable load-bearing composite fracture fixation plates.

scholarly journals Influence of Sawdust Bio-filler on the Tensile, Flexural, and Impact Properties of Mangifera Indica Leaf Stalk Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 02024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Shenoy Heckadka ◽  
Suhas Yeshwant Nayak ◽  
P. V. Gouthaman ◽  
Abhishek Talwar ◽  
V. A. Ravishankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Biodegradable Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Polyester Composites

The need to have biodegradable composites is aloft in today’s market as they are environment friendly and are also easy to fabricate. In this study, mangifera indica leaf stalk fibres were used as reinforcement along with saw dust as bio-filler material. Unsaturated isophthalic polyester resin was used as the matrix. The fibres were treated with 6 % vol. NaOH and neutralized with 3 % vol. of dilute HCl. Treatment of sawdust fillers was done by using 2% vol. NaOH solution. Hand layup method and compression moulding technique was used to fabricate the composite laminates. Specimens for evaluating the mechanical properties were prepared by using water jet machining. The results indicated an increase in tensile, flexural and impact strength of composites with addition of sawdust upto 3%. Further addition of the bio-filler resulted in decrease of mechanical properties.

Influence of the Chemical Functionalisation of Glass Fibre Surfaces on the Mechanical Properties of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics

2017 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Constanze Böhme ◽  
Katja Hase ◽  
Jürgen Tröltzsch ◽  
Isabelle Roth-Panke ◽  
Frank Helbig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Composite Panels ◽  
Adhesion Promoter ◽  
Matrix Component ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Continuous Fibre ◽  
Pressing Process ◽  
The Matrix

Continuous fibre reinforcements in thermoplastic composites require an enhanced adhesion to the matrix component, in order to effectively divert external forces from the matrix. Therefore different silanes as adhesion promoters are used as a part of the sizing. They operate as a connector to the matrix component. These silanes affect the sliding properties of the sizing during the production of the glass filaments in a negative way, in which case the proportion of the adhesion promoter in the sizing must be kept at a low level in order to maintain the processing speed in the textile production process. With the immersion bath method, it was examined whether the treatment of the surface of textile fabric after the textile production process with a silane-containing aqueous solution could solve these problems. Different silane concentrations and solvents were considered. After drying the textiles were processed during a two-step pressing process directly into a multi-layer organic sheet with a textile-based polypropylene matrix. The successful layering of the adhesion promoter on the glass fibre surface was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. With thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the thermal resistance of the adhesion-promoting layer for the subsequent pressing process could be shown. In order to examine the influence of the layer on the fibre/matrix adhesion within the composites, the Young’s modulus and flexural modulus of the composite panels were determined. Impact experiments were made to measure the required penetration energy and the energy absorption capacity of the composite panels. An optimum for the amount of adhesion promoter could be found. Exceeding the optimum amount of adhesion promoter in the solution led to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the composite.

The Influence of SiC Nano-Precipitates on the Interface Structure in C/C-SiC Composites

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Krnel ◽  
Zmago Stadler ◽  
Tomaž Kosmač
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Interface Structure ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sic Composites

The goal of our research is to develop a carbon-carbon-silicon carbide composite that will unite high fracture toughness of carbon-carbon composite with good oxidation and abrasion resistance and good thermal conductivity of silicon carbide. That can be achieved by the preparation of functionally graded C/C-SiC composites. For the production of C/C-SiC composites with a gradient structure of the ceramic matrix – from a carbon matrix in the core to a SiC matrix on the surface new materials based on C/C composite with SiC nano-particles dispersed in the matrix were produced. Since for the thermo-mechanical properties of such materials, the interface between the carbon fibres and the matrix phase is crucial, we studied the influence of SiC precipitation from the matrix phase on the interface structure and the mechanical properties of C/C-SiC composites. The results show that SiC nano-particels are precipitating around the carbon fibres influencing the interface structure and consequently also the mechanical properties.

The Effects of Molybdenum Content on the Dynamic Properties of Tungsten-Based Heavy Alloys

2007 ◽  
Vol 534-536 ◽  
pp. 1293-1296
Author(s):  
Woei Shyan Lee ◽  
Tien Yin Chan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Heavy Alloys ◽  
Tungsten Heavy Alloys ◽  
The Matrix

The effects of the content of molybdenum on the dynamic properties of tungsten heavy alloys were investigated.Increase in mechanical properties was observed in molybdenum-added tungsten heavy alloys, due to the refined microstructure. On the other hand, decrease in mechanical properties was also observed in the alloys with high molybdenum concentrations, due to the decreased strength of the matrix phase and the precipitation of an intermetallic phase. Hopkinson bar dynamic test under strain rates ranging from 2000 s-1 to 8000 s-1 at room temperature revealed that the flow stress of tungsten heavy alloys depended strongly on the strain, strain rate, and the content of molybdenum. The variation of flow stresses was caused by the competition between work hardening and heat softening in the materials at different strain rates. The high temperature strength of the matrix phase was increased by the addition of molybdenum, which enhanced the strength of the tungsten heavy alloys in high strain rate test.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document