scholarly journals A study of 25 years of publication outputs in the German academic profession

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schneijderberg ◽  
Nicolai Götze ◽  
Lars Müller
Keyword(s):  
Research Performance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Academic Profession ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Informal Governance ◽  
Journal Publication ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Performance Based Funding ◽  
Weak Evaluation

AbstractIn the weak evaluation state of Germany, full professors are involved in the traditional social governance partnership between the state, and the self-governing higher education institutions (HEI) and disciplinary associations. Literature suggests that formal and informal governance could trigger changes in academics’ publication behavior by valorizing certain publication outputs. In the article, secondary data from three surveys (1992, 2007 and 2018) is used for a multi-level study of the evolution of academics’ publication behavior. We find a trend toward the “model” of natural science publication behavior across all disciplines. On the organizational level, we observe that a strong HEI research performance orientation is positively correlated with journal articles, peer-reviewed publications, and co-publications with international co-authors. HEI performance-based funding is only positively correlated with the share of peer-reviewed publications. At the level of individual disciplines, humanities and social sciences scholars adapt to the peer-reviewed journal publication paradigm of the natural sciences at the expense of book publications. Considering how the academic profession is organized around reputation and status, it seems plausible that the academic profession and its institutional oligarchy are key contexts for the slow but steady change of academics’ publication behavior. The trend of changing academics’ publication behavior is partly related to HEI valorization of performance and (to a lesser extent) to HEI performance based-funding schemes, which are set by the strong academic profession in the weak evaluation state of Germany.

scholarly journals Is the German Academic Profession on Metrification Autopilot? A Study of 25 Years of Publication Outputs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schneijderberg ◽  
Lars Müller ◽  
Nicolai Götze
Keyword(s):  
Academic Culture ◽  
Academic Profession ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Voluntary Commitment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

Given their constitutionally guaranteed academic freedom, German academics are not forced by law to metrify their research outputs, but they do still practice metrification – one could say on autopilot. The metrification autopilot mode captures the voluntary commitment of a substantial part of the German academic profession to socio-calculative valuation, evaluation and valorization practices in the governance and control of higher education institutions (HEI), of disciplines and at the individual level. The effects of the metrification autopilot, in terms of auto-metrification in individual academics’ publication behavior, are studied empirically using three surveys (1992, 2007 and 2018). On the individual level, the metrification autopilot is observed as a trend among all full professors. Among non-full professors, the most metrified publication outputs are produced by academics who have been in their positions for more than 13 years. Accordingly, socialization into metrified status/reputation-seeking and status/reputation-keeping academic culture seems to take about 12 years. On the organizational level, we observe the metrification autopilot trend on the basis of the correlation between journal articles and HEIs’ policy of strong metrified performance recognition. On the discipline level, the metrification autopilot trend is observable in the way that humanities and social sciences scholars adapt to the peer-reviewed journal publication paradigm of the natural sciences, which is a key driver for transforming science and HEIs into a “socio-calculative environment” (Vormbusch 2012) of valuation, evaluation and valorization.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON BIOLOGY COMPETENCE: LITERATURE STUDY ABOUT NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Wilny Chintya ◽  
Azwir Anhar ◽  
Ganda Hijrah Selaras ◽  
Lufri Lufri
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Learning Competence

The Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model is one type of cooperative learning model designed to influence the interaction patterns of students. The Numbered Head Together (NHT) cooperative learning model can encourage students to increase cooperation in learning both cooperation between students and between teachers and students will be able to increase tolerance and self-confidence. The purpose of this study was to obtain a description of the effect of using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model on the biology learning competence of students This type of research is ex post facto research. The data used is secondary data, namely data sourced from scientific journal articles accredited by Sinta which were selected as samples the data collection technique in this study was carried out by taking selected journal articles as samples and related to the effect of implementing the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model. The data analysis technique uses the steps, namely, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification the results showed that there was an increase in the learning competence of students using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model. The NHT learning model makes students readiness in learning because they have discussed the material to be studied in advance. Students become more active and dominate during the learning process so that the teacher only acts as a facilitator and motivator.

scholarly journals Servitization intent as a factor in the servitization process

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Crowley ◽  
Jamie Burton ◽  
Judith Zolkiewski
Keyword(s):  
Key Management ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Level ◽  
Management Implication ◽  
Elite Interviews ◽  
Managerial Experience

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the role of servitization intent in the servitization process, and specifically the role dissonance (at an organizational level) in servitization intent can play in creating barriers to the servitization effort. Servitization intent is defined as the desire to achieve a future state of increased servitization. Design/methodology/approach The research uses elite interviews and secondary data to explore servitization intent and its role during the servitization process. It examines the resistance to change resulting from a misalignment of the executive intent to servitize, and the organizational intent to retain the existing manufacturing business model. By encompassing data from companies representing a significant portion of the total industry (as measured by revenue), the study provides an industry level perspective of servitization intent and alignment. Findings Servitization intent and three key managerial challenges related to servitization intent that act as barriers to servitization were identified: lack of servitization intent, overcoming the manufacturing mindset associated with the organizational intent and the constraints resulting from managerial experience. Servitization intent and its associated managerial challenges were present at an industry level with consistent findings being shown across the major firms in the industry studied. A number of managerial strategies for overcoming these barriers were identified. Research limitations/implications The research focuses on a single industry; the findings, potentially, have application across a broad range of industries. Practical implications A key management implication from these findings is the need for a clear understanding of the organizational intent in relation to servitization in addition to the need to bring this organizational intent in alignment with the executives’ servitization intent. Originality/value This research makes a contribution by identifying the misalignment between servitization intent in different levels of the organization during the servitization process and the mechanisms that can improve alignment and help effect servitization.

scholarly journals Enhancing Performance of Teachers through Peer Observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Ashim Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Performance ◽  
Peer Observation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Students Success

The research purpose of achieving quality education is that enhancing teachers' performance is a must since it determines students' learning and academic achievement. On the other hand, peer observation (PO) is a practical tool used in a classroom where two peers work together and observe each other's teaching, and accordingly, the observer gives constructive feedback to the observed teacher, helping bring about positive changes in the instruction. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore the effectiveness of peer observation and formulate a framework for its implementation for improving the teaching performance of Bangladeshi college teachers. In this regard, the researcher used a secondary data analysis method in which around 75 papers, including journal articles, conference proceedings, and research reports of different authors and organizations, were studied, analyzed, and discussed in this paper. Besides, two more case studies in international contexts were elaborate to review. After analyzing the documents, the researcher divided the issue into several themes and sub-themes. The result found that the PO's implementation would enhance the teachers' performance, and consequently, the students' success would be augmented. Later, deliberating on different PO models, an implementation plan for PO in Bangladeshi colleges context was devised and developed.

Research on capital structure determinants: a review and future directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Sisira Colombage ◽  
Purnima Rao
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the status of studies on capital structure determinants in the past 40 years. This paper highlights the major gaps in the literature on determinants of capital structure and also aims to raise specific questions for future research. Design/methodology/approach The prominence of research is assessed by studying the year of publication and region, level of economic development, firm size, data collection methods, data analysis techniques and theoretical models of capital structure from the selected papers. The review is based on 167 papers published from 1972 to 2013 in various peer-reviewed journals. The relationship of determinants of capital structure is analyzed with the help of meta-analysis. Findings Major findings show an increase of interest in research on determinants of capital structure of the firms located in emerging markets. However, it is observed that these regions are still under-examined which provides more scope for research both empirical and survey-based studies. Majority of research studies are conducted on large-sized firms by using secondary data and regression-based models for the analysis, whereas studies on small-sized firms are very meager. As majority of the research papers are written only at the organizational level, the impact of leverage on various industries is yet to be examined. The review highlights the major determinants of capital structure and their relationship with leverage. It also reveals the dominance of pecking order theory in explaining capital structure of firms theoretically as well as statistically. Originality/value The paper covers a considerable period of time (1972-2013). Among very few review papers on capital structure research, to the best of authors’ knowledge; this is the first review to identify what is missing in the literature on the determinants of capital structure while offering recommendations for future studies. It also synthesize the findings of empirical studies on determinants of capital structure statistically.

Maritime culture: A sociological perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Carol-Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Maritime Culture ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies ◽  
Different Cultures

The aim of this paper is to analyse and discuss the multifaceted cultures within the merchant navy. It is within this multicultural context that the construction of different cultures occur. If maritime managers are to work successfully with their designated ships, and the seafarers working and living aboard these ships, they need to understand that different cultures exist within the industry. The argument put forward is that maritime management needs the necessary soft skills to develop cultural awareness and become culturally sensitive. The primary source of data was drawn from netography and qualitative methodologies. Secondary data was obtained through maritime dissertations, face-to-face interviews, maritime newspaper articles, maritime journal articles and social media. Two main conclusions emerged: firstly, in maritime scholarship there is a lack of research of the existing maritime cultures; and secondly, few maritime companies are aware of how different cultures are integrated. It is significant that healthy cultures within the merchant marine rely on management’s cultural knowledge and their soft skills.

Bribery: cost of doing business in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Adefolake Adeyeye
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Available Information

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of foreign bribery and perceptions that bribery is just a cost of doing business in Africa in light of recent reports and developments in the global attempt to curb bribery and corruption. Design/methodology/approach The research relied on primary data from anti-corruption legislation, surveys and monitoring reports and secondary data from publicly available information, journal articles and media reports to analyse recent developments in the fight against corruption with a special focus on Africa. Findings The research findings and analysis suggest that foreign bribery, which is illegal but largely carried out with impunity and perceived as a just a cost of doing business in Africa, has heavy costs on developing nations and on corporations and individuals that are prosecuted. Although much has been done to curb corruption, it seems active enforcement takes place in only a limited number of countries. There is still the need for enhanced enforcement by nations, increased societal awareness of effective measures against corruption and improved corporate compliance and responsibility. Originality/value The paper contributes practical insights into improvements and lapses in the fight against foreign bribery and corruption. Using recent and relevant analysis, the paper revisits the resilience of bribery and corruption in spite of increased anti-corruption actions and the need for multiple and varied measures. The information provided will be useful for governments, corporations and civil society in the fight against corruption, which requires constant multilateral action and examination.

Media Baharu dan Impak Terhadap Dakwah

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Hadi Borham
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Government ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Impact

The development of communication and information technology (ICT) has been developed by the government since the 1980s. This development has contributed to the increasing use of the internet as a new medium for the purpose of partnership, business and knowledge. This socio-cultural change, based on the new media, has led to the receipt of information and forming a new environment in all aspects including religious life. The development of the internet in Malaysia has given a direct impression on the development of Islamic da'wah. Today's society gains exposure to Islam easily through social media such as facebook, newsgroups, e-groups and others. Therefore, this article aims to examine the impact of the new media toward Islamic da'wah. Data was obtained on library research through secondary data such as journal articles, government reports, books etc. Analysis shows that the flooding of Islamic information in the new media has affected the da’wah among internet users especially in the acceptance of Islamic understanding in aqidah, ibadah and akhlak

Understanding theory in social science research: Public administration in perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 014473942096315
Author(s):  
Onah Celestine Chijioke ◽  
Asadu Ikechukwu ◽  
Aduma Aloysius
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Good Theory ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Correct Application ◽  
The Relationship

The role theory plays in research work cannot be over-emphasized. A theory that is apt gives direction to research work in explaining, organizing, analyzing, and predicting phenomenon and showing their relationships in order to enhance understanding. Despite these roles played by theory, upcoming scholars and students many at times fail to use theory that is apt in their research work, while some skip to adopt any theory in their research, even when it is necessary to adopt one. Thus, leading to disjointed and poor research work. Lack of good theory and/or lack of its correct application instantly de-links the relationship and blurs the understanding of research questions, variables, and hypotheses, which theory integrates to give a coherent and holistic view of phenomenon, and answering the question of “why” the phenomenon is the “way” it is. Explanatory and qualitative research approaches were employed. Secondary data were collected from books, journal articles; internet materials, etc. were used in analyzing the roles theory plays in research work. The findings are (1) that the purpose of theory is to explain, describe, analyze, and predict phenomenon to aid understanding (2) a good theory that is apt and well applied gives clarity and logicality to the problem understudy (3) theory in research is like a bridge that links concepts, variables, and hypotheses. The paper recommends among other things that scholars/teachers should devote more chapters or contribute more papers in journal specifically on theory.

scholarly journals Financial Inclusion, Awareness, and Understanding of Financial Products among People Selected Gewogs (Blocks) of Bhutan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11S2) ◽  
pp. 485-494
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
The People ◽  
Survey Finding

The financial products that are being offered by the banks in the contemporary era are significant to enhance the primary objective of the banks that is, ‘Financial Inclusion’ (FI). However, due to umpteen reasons, the banks in many countries have failed streamlining the poor and the majority of the rural folk. Bhutan is not an exception as it is in a landlocked country. The Survey finding (2013) depicted a smaller share of Bhutanese involvement in the formal financial system (48%) whereas larger percentage of them involved in informal financial system. Further, the present Governor of Royal Monetary Authority (The central bank of the country), Dasho Penjor in his discussion on the review of His Majesty’s address on 109th National day Celebration in Trongsa stated that the majority of the rural folks are unable to avail banking services extended by the formal institutions. Besides, financial services can be availed by mass only when banks and other financial institutions run some awareness programmes. There are a few literature on FI in Bhutan in general; however literature on the awareness and understanding of financial products of the people are minimal in the country. The present study, therefore, investigates the scenario of FI along with awareness and understanding of financial products of commercial banks among Bhutanese in four Gewogs (Blocks) of the country that is, Bongo, Chapcha, Darla and Samphelling. The structured questionnaire was designed and primary data from 378 respondents were collected. Further, various articles and papers published in survey findings, magazines, and journal articles are used as secondary data sources of the study. The collected data have been tabulated, analysed, and interpreted with the help of Descriptive statistics, Independent t-test and Analyses of Variance (ANOVA).

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