Polystoma knoffi n. sp. and Polystoma travassosi n. sp. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae): naming museum-archived specimens from Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 755-765
Author(s):  
Louis Heyns du Preez ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Archived Specimens

Coronary Arterial Abnormalities in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: Pathologic Characteristics of Archived Specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Stephens ◽  
Dipankar Gupta ◽  
Mark Bleiweis ◽  
Carl L. Backer ◽  
Robert H. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome ◽  
Left Heart ◽  
Hypoplastic Left Heart ◽  
Archived Specimens ◽  
Left Heart Syndrome

scholarly journals Evaluation of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus DNA in Tissue Samples from Italian Patients with Diagnosis of MCC

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Carla Prezioso ◽  
Raffaella Carletti ◽  
Francisco Obregon ◽  
Francesca Piacentini ◽  
Anna Maria Manicone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutations ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Metastatic Sites ◽  
Archived Specimens ◽  
Coding Control

Because the incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) has increased significantly during the last 10 years and it is recognized that Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation represent two different etiological inputs sharing clinical, histopathological, and prognostic similar features, although with different prognosis, this study investigated the detection of MCPyV in skin and lymph nodes with histological diagnosis of MCC. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) were retrieved from archived specimens and MCPyV non-coding control region (NCCR) and viral capsid protein 1 (VP1) sequences were amplified and sequenced. Results provide an interesting observation concerning the discrepancy between the MCPyV DNA status in primary and metastatic sites: in fact, in all cases in which primary and metastatic lesions were investigated, MCPyV DNA was detected only in the primary lesions. Our data further support the “hit-and-run” theory, also proposed by other authors, and may lead to speculation that in some MCCs the virus is only necessary for the process of tumor initiation and that further mutations may render the tumor independent from the virus. Few point mutations were detected in the NCCR and only silent mutations were observed in the VP1 sequence compared to the MCPyV MCC350 isolate. To unequivocally establish a role of MCPyV in malignancies, additional well-controlled investigations are required, and larger cohorts should be examined.

scholarly journals Pathology Associated With Streptococcus spp. Infection in Baboons (Papio spp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-722
Author(s):  
Katelin L. Davis ◽  
Olga Gonzalez ◽  
Shyamesh Kumar ◽  
Edward J. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Air Sacs ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Archived Specimens

Streptococcus spp. are a source of morbidity and mortality in captive nonhuman primate populations. However, little is known about the lesions associated with naturally occurring streptococcal infections in baboons ( Papio spp.). The pathology database of the Southwest National Primate Research Center was searched for all baboon autopsies from 1988 to 2018 in which Streptococcus spp. were cultured. Baboons on experimental protocol were excluded. The gross autopsy and histopathology reports were reviewed. Archived specimens were retrieved and reviewed as needed for confirmation or clarification. Fifty-six cultures were positive for Streptococcus spp. in 54 baboons with evidence of bacterial infection. Associated gross lesions included purulent exudate, fibrinous to fibrous adhesions, hemorrhage, mucosal thickening, organomegaly, and abscessation. Histologic lesions included suppurative inflammation, abscessation, necrosis, hemorrhage, fibrin accumulation, and thrombosis. Lungs and pleura ( n = 31) were the most commonly infected organ followed by the central nervous system ( n = 16), spleen ( n = 15), soft tissues ( n = 12), air sacs, liver, peritoneum, adrenal glands, heart, lymph nodes, uterus, kidneys, biliary system, bones, ears, umbilical structures, mammary glands, pancreas, placenta, and salivary glands. Infections by non-β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. predominated in the lungs and air sacs; the most common isolate was Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infections by β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. predominated in the soft tissues and reproductive tract. Naturally occurring β-hemolytic and non-β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. infections cause morbidity and mortality in captive baboon populations. The lesions associated with streptococcal infection are similar to those reported in human infection. Thus, the baboon may represent an underutilized model for studying Streptococcus spp. as pathogens.

scholarly journals Primers for identification of type and other archived specimens of Aphrodes leafhoppers (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOANNA K. BLUEMEL ◽  
R. ANDREW KING ◽  
META VIRANT-DOBERLET ◽  
WILLIAM O. C. SYMONDSON
Keyword(s):  
Archived Specimens

scholarly journals In VitroStudy of the Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates ofTrichomonas vaginalisto Metronidazole and Secnidazole

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. e02329-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arindam P. Ghosh ◽  
Cheri Aycock ◽  
Jane R. Schwebke
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Emerg Infect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Archived Specimens

ABSTRACTNitroimidazoles (metronidazole [MTZ] and tinidazole [TNZ]) are the only drugs recommended for treatment ofTrichomonas vaginalisinfections. MTZ resistance occurs in 4% to 10% of cases of vaginal trichomoniasis (R. D. Kirkcaldy et al., Emerg Infect Dis 18:939–943, 2012; J. R. Schwebke and F. J. Barrientes, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:4209–4210, 2006) and TNZ resistance in 1% of cases (J. R. Schwebke and F. J. Barrientes, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:4209–4210, 2006). Emerging nitroimidazole-resistant trichomoniasis is concerning, because few alternatives to standard therapy exist. We assessed the prevalence ofin vitroaerobic MTZ and secnidazole resistance amongT. vaginalisisolates collected in 2015 to 2016 from 100 women in Birmingham, Alabama, with positive cultures. Archived specimens were treated with secnidazole or MTZ (0.2 to 400 μg/ml) for 48 h, according to U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention protocols. Ninety-six (96%) of the 100 clinicalTrichomonasisolates tested demonstrated lower minimum lethal concentrations for secnidazole than for MTZ, suggesting that secnidazole has betterin vitroactivity than MTZ.

Epizootic Ameloblastomas in Chinook Salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)of the Northwestern United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Grim ◽  
M. J. Wolfe ◽  
M. Edwards ◽  
J. Kaufman ◽  
S. Onjukka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Dental Lamina ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Archived Specimens

Abnormal growths were observed on the lips and in the oral cavities of 2- and 3-year-old Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) maintained in one freshwater and one saltwater captive fish-rearing facility in the Columbia River (Pacific Northwest). Initially presenting as bilaterally symmetrical, red, irregular plaques on oral mucosal surfaces, the lesions developed progressively into large, disfiguring masses. Of the 502 natural parr collected for captive broodstock, 432 (86%) displayed these tumors, whereas cohort salmon (i.e., same year classes) in these same facilities remained unaffected. Morphologically similar neoplasms were collected occasionally from adult Chinook salmon that had returned to their natal streams. Histologic features of the tumors suggested that they were derived from the portion of dental lamina destined to form tooth root sulci; therefore, these neoplasms were diagnosed as ameloblastomas. The lesions also resembled archived specimens of Chinook salmon oral tumors, which had been described decades earlier. Etiologic investigations performed during the current outbreak included bacteriologic, virologic, genetic, ultrastructural analyses, and cohabitation exposure studies. Results of these efforts did not indicate an obvious genetic basis for this syndrome, attempts to isolate potentially causative viruses or bacteria were negative, and disease transmission to naïve fish was unsuccessful. A few intracytoplasmic hexagonal structures, possibly consistent with viral particles (∼100 nm), were observed ultrastructurally in a tumor cell from 1 of 6 specimens submitted for transmission electron microscopy. Although the presence of these particles does not constitute sufficient evidence for causality, an infectious or multifactorial etiology seems plausible.

BCL-6 Overexpression Predicts Poor Response to Reduced Immune Suppression Therapy in Children with Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease (PTLD).

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4342-4342
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Porter ◽  
Xiayuan Liang ◽  
Edythe A. Albano
Keyword(s):  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Liver Transplants ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Heart Transplants ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Follicular Hyperplasia ◽  
Archived Specimens

Abstract Background: PTLD is a well known complication of organ transplantation. While the understanding of this disease is increasing, the diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. The clinical, morphological, and molecular findings in PTLD vary widely. Reduction of immune suppression is the treatment of choice, but is effective in only 20–50% of patients. Mutations in the BCL6 gene have been demonstrated in some lymphomas and PTLD and may have prognostic implications. A single study, in which most subjects were adults, has suggested that BCL6 mutation in PTLD predicts a lack of response to reduced immunosuppression (IS). Objectives: To determine if BCL-6 overexpression predicts poor response to reduced IS or decreased survival in children with PTLD. Methods: Clinical data of patients identified with PTLD at The Children’s Hospital (TCH) from 1992–2002 were obtained, including age, type of organ transplanted, subtype of PTLD, treatment received, response to treatment, relapse free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS). Archived specimens of lesions obtained at the time of diagnosis of PTLD were evaluated for the presence of BCL-6 expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Between 1992 and 2002, 486 organ transplants (211 heart, 107 hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), 86 liver, 82 kidney) were performed at TCH. During that same period, 20 children were diagnosed with 21 cases of PTLD. Eleven patients had liver transplants (12.7% of transplants), 5 had heart transplants (2.4%), 3 had HSC transplants (2.8%), and 1 had a kidney transplant (1.2%). Histologic classifications of PTLD included 1 follicular hyperplasia, 9 polymorphic PTLD, and 11 lymphomas. Only 5 of 20 patients responded to reduced IS. Overall mortality was 45% (9/20). BCL-6 was overexpressed in 7 of 18 evaluable specimens from 20 patients. None of the patients with BCL-6 overexpression responded to reduced IS (p=0.05). BCL-6 overexpression was associated with monomorphic histology (p=0.02), but did not predict RFS or OS. Conclusions: BCL-6 expression is associated with monomorphic histology and non-response to reduced IS in children with PTLD. Larger, prospective studies of BCL-6 mutation and expression are needed to verify the clinical significance of these findings.

scholarly journals Amblyomma triste (Acari: Ixodidae): New North American Collection Records, Including the First From the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Mertins ◽  
Arnold S. Moorhouse ◽  
Jeffery T. Alfred ◽  
H. Joel Hutcheson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Amblyomma Triste ◽  
Gulf Coast Ticks ◽  
Archived Specimens ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract New distribution records for the Neotropical tick, Amblyomma triste Koch, are identified from 27 specimens in 18 separate collections. These collections originated from six now recognized geographical foci in two states in the United States (Cochise and Santa Cruz Counties, Arizona, and Brewster and Jeff Davis Counties, Texas) and from import cattle, Bos taurus L., presented for entry at the United States border and originating in three Mexican states (Coahuila, Durango, and Sonora). For at least 67 yr, A. triste has existed in some areas of the United States as a cryptic species, and specimens there have been confused with and identified as Gulf Coast ticks, Amblyomma maculatum Koch, even by noted tick specialists. Most of the records reported in this study were from reidentified, archived specimens of putative A. maculatum.

Evaluation of cell-line-derived xenograft tumours as controls for immunohistochemical testing for ER and PR

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 746-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahrim Hasan ◽  
Beverley Carter ◽  
Nash Denic ◽  
Luis Gai ◽  
Jennifer Power ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Control Material ◽  
Biomarker Testing ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Archived Specimens ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Immunohistochemical Testing ◽  
Fat Pads

Quality control (QC) for immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis routinely incorporates archived specimens for on-slide control material. We have assessed the utility of cell-line-derived xenograft (CDX) tumours for QC in breast estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) biomarker testing. Immunoblot and IHC analyses were used to select cell lines with different steady-state levels of ER and PR expression. CDX tumours all demonstrated consistent and comparable expression of ER and PR with corresponding cell lines from which they were derived. Three pathologists experienced in breast biomarker reporting scored tumours from different locations on mammary fat pads to determine reproducibility. Tumours from different locations were consistently scored as identical, and the CDX tumours representing different levels of biomarker expression were similar to patient-derived controls. Pathologists could not consistently distinguish CDX tumours from patient-derived controls, suggesting that within the appropriate quality management setting, CDX tumours may serve as control material for reporting purposes.

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