scholarly journals Exposure to Arsenic in the Air and 15-F2t-Isoprostane in Urine in a Sub-population of Inhabitants of a Copper Smelter Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Skoczynska ◽  
Marta Skoczynska ◽  
Barbara Turczyn ◽  
Anna Wojakowska ◽  
Leszek Gruszczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Copper Smelter ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation

AbstractMost studies on arsenic toxicity have been conducted among populations exposed to arsenic contained in drinking water. Relatively little research concerns effects of airborne arsenic. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane (u15-F2t-IsoP) levels in relation to renal function (urinary creatinine and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase––uNAG) and urinary arsenic (uAs) in inhabitants from copper smelter impact zone. The secondary purpose of the analysis was to assess utility of a potential association between uAs and u15-F2t-IsoP as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress. Urinary 15-F2t-IsoP, NAG, and creatinine were measured in 967 urine samples collected from 649 adult women (51.9 ± 13.2 years old) and 318 adult men (53.8 ± 14.9 years old). Total uAs concentration was measured in 918 samples using HPLC-ICP-MS. Arsenic species, such as inorganic arsenic, methylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, and arsenobetaine, were measured in urine collected from 255 participants with uAs exceeding the upper norm. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression and logistic regression models. In the studied population urinary creatinine was positively associated with uAs. A positive linear correlation (p < 0.0000) between lg(uAs) and u15-F2t-IsoP was found both for normal and elevated uAs. A positive linear correlation was observed also between lg(ΣuAs) and u15-F2t-IsoP (p < 0.0000). In the logistic regression model, after adjustment for confounders, elevated uAs was the only predictor of increased u15-F2t-IsoP (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.08–1.59, p < 0.01). Cigarette smoking was associated with renal proximal tubular dysfunction only in people with uNAG concentration above 75th quartile. In the studied population chronically exposed to airborne arsenic, increase in urinary arsenic is associated with renal dysfunction and systemic oxidative stress. Urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane may be useful in the monitoring of health status in populations exposed to airborne arsenic.

Urinary leucine aminopeptidase 3 in population environmentally exposed to airborne arsenic

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712098887
Author(s):  
Anna Skoczynska ◽  
Marta Skoczynska ◽  
Anna Wojakowska ◽  
Barbara Turczyn ◽  
Leszek Gruszczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Baseline Information

Introduction: Environmental arsenic contamination is a major toxicological problem worldwide due to its carcinogenic and nephrotoxic potential. Aim: The purpose of this observational study was to determine the suspected association between urinary arsenic (uAs) and urinary leucine (or leucyl) aminopeptidase 3 (uLAP3) to evaluate uLAP3 as a candidate biomarker of exposure to airborne arsenic. Materials and Methods: A total of 918 adults occupationally and/or environmentally exposed to airborne arsenic were enrolled in the study. Baseline information (age; sex; history of smoking; alcohol, fish and seafood consumption) was gathered. Total uAs concentrations [μg/L] of 918 subjects, as well as the sum of arsenic species (ΣiAs) in 259 subjects, were obtained. Urinary LAP3 was measured by an immune-enzymatic assay using an ELISA kit. Urinary creatinine concentration was assessed with the IB/lAB/1289 research protocol (version II, 2015-09-17). The values of uAs and uLAP3 were recalculated per unit of creatinine. The association between uAs and uLAP3 was assessed using a logistic regression model adjusted for confounders. Results: The study identified a positive correlation between the logarithm of uAs and the logarithm of uLAP3 in the study population (r = 0.1737, p < 0.0000) and between urinary creatinine and uLAP3 concentration not adjusted for creatinine level (r = 0.1871, p < 0.001). In the logistic regression model, there was also an association between increased (≥15 µg/L) uAs and decreased (below the 25th quartile) uLAP3 [OR uLAP3 = 1.22 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.44, p < 0.02)]. Conclusions: These data suggest that urinary LAP3 may be a potential biomarker of arsenic exposure, which warrants further study.

scholarly journals Correlation of inflammation parameters and biochemical markers of cholestasis with the intensity of lipid peroxidation in patients with choledocholithiasis

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Damnjanovic ◽  
Milan Jovanovic ◽  
Aleksandar Nagorni ◽  
Milan Radojkovic ◽  
Dusan Sokolovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Indirect Bilirubin ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Inflammation Parameters

Background/Aim. During choledocholitiasis inflammatory oxidant stress involves the promotion of mitochondrial dysfunction through an intracellular oxidant stress in hepatocytes leading mainly to necrosis and less to apoptosis. The product of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA), is extremely cytotoxic and damages cell membranes and intracellular macromolecules. The toxicity of MDA is based on its ability to act as a mutagenic agent in a cell. Therefore, the aim of this prospective study was to establish correlation of the parameters of inflammation and biochemical markers of cholestasis with the intensity of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of liver function disorders. Methods. Seventy adult subjects of either sex included in the study were devided into two groups: I - 40 patients with obstructive icterus caused by choledocholithiasis, and II - 30 healthy individuals. All the participants were subjected to a clinical, laboratory and ultrasonic check-up at the Internal Department of the Military Hospital in Nis. The parameters of oxidative stress: MDA, a measure of lipid peroxidation, and inflammation parameters: C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, albumins, number of leukocytes (Leu), granulocytes ( Gr), lymphocytes (Ly) and monocytes (Mo) and biochemical markers of cholestasis: activity of ?-glutamyltransferase (?-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzymes, the level of total, direct and indirect bilirubin were determined by standard biochemical methods. Results. Lower values of albumin (p < 0.001), and significantly higher values of fibrinogen (p < 0.05) and CRP (p < 0.001) were found in the blood of the patients with cholestasis due to choledocholithiasis in relation to the controls. Significantly higher values of Leu (p < 0.01) and Gr (p < 0.001) with decreasing number of Ly (p < 0.001) and Mo (p < 0.001) were found in blood of the patients with cholestasis due to choledocholithiasis in relation to the control. Similarly, higher values of ?-GT, and AP (p < 0.001), as well as the level of total, direct and indirect bilirubin (p < 0.001) were found in blood of the patients with cholestasis due to choledocholithiasis in relation to the controls. The concentration of MDA (p < 0.001) was increased in the patients with choledocholithiasis in relation to the controls. There was a significant positive linear correlation of the number of leukocytes (r = 0.51, p < 0.05) and the concentration of total (r = 0.87, p < 0.01), direct (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) and indirect (r = 0.88, p < 0.01) bilirubin with the concentration of MDA in the group of patients with choledocholithiasis. Conclusion. Neutrophils and the levels of total, direct and indirect bilirubin have a significant positive linear correlation with the level of lipid peroxidation in patients with choledocholithiasis. Neutrophilia and hiperbilirubinemia observed in this way represent important parameters in estimating the level of liver tissue damage in choledocholithiasis.

scholarly journals Understanding the role of oxidative stress in the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Kargar ◽  
Zahra Zamanian ◽  
Majid Bagheri Hosseinabadi ◽  
Vahid Gharibi ◽  
Mohammad Sanyar Moradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background Understanding the causes and risk factors of metabolic syndrome is important for promoting population health. Oxidative stress has been associated with metabolic syndrome, and also obstructive sleep apnea. These are two diseases which have common prognostic characteristics for heart disease. The aim of this study was to examine the role of oxidative stress in the concurrent presence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in a working population. Methods Participants were 163 artisan bakers in Shahroud, Iran, routinely exposed to significant heat stress and other oxidative stress indicators on a daily basis as part of their work. Using a cross-sectional design, data relevant to determining metabolic syndrome status according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea according to the STOP-Bang score, was collected. Analyses included hierarchical binary logistic regression to yield predictors of the two diseases. Results Hierarchical binary logistic regression showed that oxidative stress – alongside obesity, no regular exercise, and smoking – was an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome, but not obstructive sleep apnea. Participants who were obese were 28 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome (OR 28.59, 95% CI 4.91–63.02) and 44 times more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (OR 44.48, 95% CI 4.91–403.28). Participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde (p <  0.05) than those who did not. No difference in oxidative stress index levels were found according to obstructive sleep apnea status. Conclusions Our findings suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the onset of metabolic syndrome, and that obstructive sleep apnea is involved in oxidative stress. Whilst obesity, exercise, and smoking remain important targets for reducing the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea, policies to control risks of prolonged exposure to oxidative stress are also relevant in occupations where such environmental conditions exist.

scholarly journals Time Course of Redox Biomarkers in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Relation with Inflammatory, Multiorgan Impairment Biomarkers and CT Findings

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Tijana Kosanovic ◽  
Dragan Sagic ◽  
Vladimir Djukic ◽  
Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac ◽  
Ana Savic-Radojevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dependent Relation ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Insight Into

Although the original data on systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients have recently started to emerge, we are still far from a complete profile of changes in patients’ redox homeostasis. We aimed to assess the extent of oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA during the course of acute disease, as well as their association with CT pulmonary patterns. In order to obtain more insight into the origin of the systemic oxidative stress, the observed parameters were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers of multiorgan impairment. In this prospective study, we included 58 patients admitted between July and October 2020 with COVID-19 pneumonia. Significant changes in malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and advanced oxidation protein products levels exist during the course of COVID-19. Special emphasis should be placed on the fact that the pattern of changes differs between non-hospitalized and hospitalized individuals. Our results point to the time-dependent relation of oxidative stress parameters with inflammatory and multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary patterns in COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Correlation between redox biomarkers and immunological or multiorgan impairment biomarkers, as well as pulmonary CT pattern, confirms the suggested involvement of neutrophils networks, IL-6 production, along with different organ/tissue involvement in systemic oxidative stress in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Patients with Gaucher disease display systemic oxidative stress dependent on therapy status

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 100667
Author(s):  
Reena V. Kartha ◽  
Marcia R. Terluk ◽  
Roland Brown ◽  
Abigail Travis ◽  
Usha R. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gaucher Disease ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Dependent

scholarly journals Systemic oxidative stress is associated with lower aerobic capacity and impaired skeletal muscle energy metabolism in heart failure patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yokota ◽  
Shintaro Kinugawa ◽  
Kagami Hirabayashi ◽  
Mayumi Yamato ◽  
Shingo Takada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

AbstractOxidative stress plays a role in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). We investigated whether systemic oxidative stress is linked to exercise intolerance and skeletal muscle abnormalities in patients with CHF. We recruited 30 males: 17 CHF patients, 13 healthy controls. All participants underwent blood testing, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS; lipid peroxides) were significantly higher (5.1 ± 1.1 vs. 3.4 ± 0.7 μmol/L, p < 0.01) and the serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant, were significantly lower (9.2 ± 7.1 vs. 29.4 ± 9.7 units/L, p < 0.01) in the CHF cohort versus the controls. The oxygen uptake (VO2) at both peak exercise and anaerobic threshold was significantly depressed in the CHF patients; the parameters of aerobic capacity were inversely correlated with serum TBARS and positively correlated with serum SOD activity. The phosphocreatine loss during plantar-flexion exercise and intramyocellular lipid content in the participants' leg muscle measured by 31phosphorus- and 1proton-MRS, respectively, were significantly elevated in the CHF patients, indicating abnormal intramuscular energy metabolism. Notably, the skeletal muscle abnormalities were related to the enhanced systemic oxidative stress. Our analyses revealed that systemic oxidative stress is related to lowered whole-body aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle dysfunction in CHF patients.

scholarly journals Serum Albumin Redox States: More than Oxidative Stress Biomarker

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Fuka Tabata ◽  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Satomi Kawakami ◽  
Kazuhiro Miyaji
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cysteine Residue ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

Serum albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in mammals including humans. It has three isoforms according to the redox state of the free cysteine residue at position 34, named as mercaptalbumin (reduced albumin), non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2 (oxidized albumin), respectively. The serum albumin redox state has long been viewed as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, as the redox state shifts to a more oxidized state in response to the severity of the pathological condition in various diseases such as liver diseases and renal failures. However, recent ex vivo studies revealed oxidized albumin per se could aggravate the pathological conditions. Furthermore, the possibility of the serum albumin redox state as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker has also been demonstrated in a series of animal studies. A paradigm shift is thus ongoing in the research field of the serum albumin. This article provides an updated overview of analytical techniques for serum albumin redox state and its association with human health, focusing on recent findings.

scholarly journals Contribution of Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress to Obesity-Associated Diabetes Risk and Ethnic Differences: Focus on Women of African Ancestry

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 622
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Nono Nankam ◽  
Télesphore B. Nguelefack ◽  
Julia H. Goedecke ◽  
Matthias Blüher
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
African Women ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Redox Equilibrium ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

Adipose tissue (AT) storage capacity is central in the maintenance of whole-body homeostasis, especially in obesity states. However, sustained nutrients overflow may dysregulate this function resulting in adipocytes hypertrophy, AT hypoxia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Systemic inflammation may also contribute to the disruption of AT redox equilibrium. AT and systemic oxidative stress have been involved in the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) through several mechanisms. Interestingly, fat accumulation, body fat distribution and the degree of how adiposity translates into cardio-metabolic diseases differ between ethnicities. Populations of African ancestry have a higher prevalence of obesity and higher T2D risk than populations of European ancestry, mainly driven by higher rates among African women. Considering the reported ethnic-specific differences in AT distribution and function and higher levels of systemic oxidative stress markers, oxidative stress is a potential contributor to the higher susceptibility for metabolic diseases in African women. This review summarizes existing evidence supporting this hypothesis while acknowledging a lack of data on AT oxidative stress in relation to IR in Africans, and the potential influence of other ethnicity-related modulators (e.g., genetic-environment interplay, socioeconomic factors) for consideration in future studies with different ethnicities.

Non-metamict uranoan pyrochlore and uranpyrochlore from tuff near Ndale, Fort Portal area, Uganda

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (370) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Hogarth ◽  
J. E. T. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Portal Area ◽  
Geological Age ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Linear Correlations

AbstractA thin (100 m) cover of flat-lying, Recent, calcite-rich tuff at Ndale near Fort Portal, Uganda, unconformably overlies steeply dipping Precambrian metamorphic rocks. It is locally radioactive owing to uranium-rich pyrochlore minerals and lesser amounts of zircon, monazite, titanite, and an unidentified thorium phosphate. In one concentrate, four grains of uranpyrochlore and one grain of uranoan pyrochlore showed a positive linear correlation of Ti with U, and negative linear correlations of Ti with Na, F and Sr. Ta remained high and relatively constant [11 anal., ave. 14.5 (0.6)% Ta2O5]. In the same concentrate the composition of a separate grain of uranoan pyrochlore did not plot on these lines and Ta was comparatively low [2 anal., ave. 4.5 (0.3)% Ta2O5]. The data suggest two separate paths of differentiation. However, zoned grains were not observed. Unit cells were cubic with a = 10.351 ± 0.002 Å for a grain with 12.9% UO2tot and 10.333 ± 0.002 Å for a grain with 26.6% UO2tot. On heating in air the cell size decreased, possibly due to oxidation of U4+. The crystalline nature of these minerals can be attributed to a very young (4000–5000 yr) geological age.

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