Dissolution of Silver and Gold with Sodium Hypochlorite and Hydrochloric Acid in Refractory Minerals (Mangano-Argentiferous)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1213-1220
Author(s):  
Guillermo Tiburcio-Munive ◽  
María M. Salazar-Campoy ◽  
Jesús L. Valenzuela-García ◽  
Ofelia Hernández-Negrete ◽  
Víctor Vázquez-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Refractory Minerals

The Effect of Bleach Liquid and Household Cleaner on Surface Hardness and Roughness of Acrylic Base of Orthodontic Appliances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Noorollahian ◽  
Farinaz Shirban ◽  
Vahid Mojiri
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Liquid Sodium ◽  
P Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The daily use of orthodontic removable plates can interfere with the self-cleansing function of the mouth. Although various techniques have been proposed for cleaning removable orthodontic appliances, there is no consensus on the use of a safe method that preserves the physical properties of the appliance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of using hydrochloric acid (10%, for removal of mineral deposits) and sodium hypochlorite (5.25%, to remove organic matter and discolorations) on surface hardness and roughness of self-cure orthodontic acrylic resins. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional laboratory study was conducted in the fall of 2017 at Isfahan University of Medical science and Isfahan University of Technology. In this study two orthodontic acrylic resins (Orthocryl® and Acropars®) were used. Eighty samples (12×10×3 mm) from each one were fabricated and divided into four groups (n = 20). Group 1: 15 minutes immersion in household cleaner liquid (Hydrochloric acid, 10%) followed by15 minutes immersion in household bleach liquid (Sodium Hypochlorite, 5.25%). In group 2, immersions were repeated just like group two times and in group 3, were done three times. Group 4 was as control and had no immersion. The surface hardness and roughness of samples were measured. Data were analyzed with Two Way ANOVA and the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The number of immersion procedures did not significantly affect the surface hardness (p value = 0.958) and surface roughness (p value = 0.657) in the different study groups. There was no significant difference in the surface hardness between the two acrylic resin brands (p value = 0.077); however, Acropars acrylic resin samples exhibited significantly higher surface roughness compared to the Orthocryl acrylic resin samples(p value < 0.001). Conclusion: 15 minutes of immersion in 10% HCl, followed by 15 minutes of immersion in 5.25% NaOCl and repetition of the procedure three times did not significantly affect the surface hardness and roughness of self-cured acrylic resins.

scholarly journals Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus: Seed Transmission Rate and Efficacy of Different Seed Disinfection Treatments

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Salvatore Davino ◽  
Andrea Giovanni Caruso ◽  
Sofia Bertacca ◽  
Stefano Barone ◽  
Stefano Panno
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Seed Disinfection ◽  
Seeds Germination

Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is a highly infectious virus, that is becoming a threat to tomato production worldwide. In this work we evaluated the localization of ToBRFV particles in tomato seeds, its seed transmission rate and efficacy of disinfection, and the effects of different thermal- and chemical-based treatments on ToBRFV-infected seeds’ germination. Analyses demonstrated that ToBRFV was located in the seed coat, sometime in the endosperm, but never in the embryo; its transmission from infected seeds to plantlets occurs by micro-lesions during the germination. The ToBRFV seed transmission rate was 2.8% in cotyledons and 1.8% in the third true leaf. Regarding the different disinfection treatments, they returned 100% of germination at 14 days post-treatment (dpt), except for the treatment with 2% hydrochloric acid +1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 24 h, for which no seed germinated after 14 dpt. All treatments have the ability to inactivate ToBRFV, but in six out of seven treatments ToBRFV was still detectable by RT-qPCR. These results raise many questions about the correct way to carry out diagnosis at customs. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the effective localization of ToBRFV particles in seeds.

scholarly journals Sequential leaching of copper from mill tailings with aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochlorite

2021 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Leilya Syzdykova ◽  
Nargiza Nurtazina ◽  
Aidana Erdenbekova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Copper Extraction ◽  
Sequential Leaching ◽  
Mill Tailings ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Kinetics Of

This work presents an investigation of kinetics of copper leaching from mill tailings with hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochlorite at room temperature in filtration mode. The concentration of hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochlorite varied from 0.05 to 0.5 M and 0.025 to 0.1 M respectively. When the samples were leached in the sequence of five-hour leaching with solutions of hydrochloric acid, and then six-hour with sodium hypochlorite, the maximum degree of copper extraction into the solution was 32.62 %. And in case of leaching samples in the inverse direction, with a solution of sodium hypochlorite for two hours, and then with hydrochloric acid for seven hours, 87.10 % of copper was extracted, which is 2.67 times more than in the previous case. It has been shown that the sequence of using reagents in leaching has a significant impact on the efficiency of copper extraction from the tailings.

Persistent Asthma After Inhalation of a Mixture of Sodium Hypochlorite and Hydrochloric Acid

CHEST Journal ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 1895-1896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Deschamps ◽  
Paul Soler ◽  
Nicole Rosenberg ◽  
Frédéric Baud ◽  
Pierre Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Persistent Asthma

AMINO ACIDS: IV. THE REACTION OF GLYCINE AND β-ALANINE WITH CARBON DISULPHIDE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Tarlton ◽  
A. F. McKay
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Hypochlorite Solution

Glycine and β-alanine on condensation with carbon disulphide gave the corresponding l,3-di-(carboxyalkyl) thioureas. l,3-Di-(carboxymethyl) thiourea is rearranged to 2-thio-3-(carboxymethyl) hydantoin by warming with hydrochloric acid solution or heating above its melting point. Evidence is presented for the reversible condensation of 2 mole equivalents of the sodium salt of 2-thio-3-(carboxymethyl) hydantoin by the elimination of water. This condensation product is obtained as well-defined pink crystals. l,3-Di-(β-carboxyethyl) thiourea was oxidized with an alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite solution to l,3-di-(β-carboxyethyl) urea. l,3-Di-(β-carboxyethyl) thiourea and l,3-di-(β-carboxyethyl) urea have been cyclized by heating with p-toluenesulphonic acid. The products were 2-thio-3-(β-carboxyethyI) hydrouracil and 3-(β-carboxyethyl) hydrouracil respectively.

scholarly journals Leaching of a Mongolian chalcopyrite concentrate

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (45) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Welham ◽  
Jadambaa Temuujin ◽  
Nader Setoudeh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Flotation Concentrate ◽  
Chalcopyrite Concentrate

A Mongolian chalcopyrite flotation concentrate was leached using sodium hypochlorite adjusted to different pH using hydrochloric acid. It was found that using a starting pH of below 5.0 resulted in more efficient leaching. The extent of chalcopyrite leaching was determined by the concentration of sodium hypochlorite with > 40% dissolution being achieved. The residue after leaching was found to consist primarily of unreacted chalcopyrite which would be suitable for further leaching or smelting.

Chemical Detoxification of AflatoxinB1 in Rice by Several Solutions through Fluorescence Spectral Experiment

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 1032-1036
Author(s):  
Wen Li Chen ◽  
Quan Zhou ◽  
Da Xing
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Emission Spectrum ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Acid Addition

AflatoxinB1 was extracted from rice contaminated artificially with Aspergillus flavus by using methanol-water (50:50 v/v). As for experiment group, sodium chloride was added into the extracted solution of AfB1, the excitation wavelength of 365 nm under the fluorescence mode, and the emission spectrum peak at 440nm were observed. To study the detoxification of AflatoxinB1 in several alkaline solutions, the solution of alkaline with difference concentration was added into the solution of AfB1 respectively. The results showed that all of three alkaline solutions could decrease the 440nm emission spectrum peak of solution of AfB1 in varying degrees, the effect to decrease emission spectrum peak of AfB1 was very obvious in sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) took second place, whereas in ammonia (NH3·H2O), the effect was the weakest among three alkaline solutions. Moreover, the effects were different in the same alkaline solutions with different concentration, as hydrochloric acid (HCl) in low concentration was added to this complex AfB1 alkaline solutions, detoxification efficacy of AfB1 were found to be obviously increased. It was concluded that the detoxification of AflatoxinB1 may be affected by alkaline solutions according to their concentration and be degraded greatly by acid addition.

Germination of Seed of Dwarf Spikerush (Eleocharis coloradoensis)

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Yeo ◽  
R. J. Dow
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Dormant Seed ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Germination Inhibitor ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Impermeable Seed Coat

Treatments that enhanced the germination of dormant seed of dwarf spikerush [Eleocharis coloradoensis (Britt.) Gilly] the most were chilling seed at 2 C for 3 months and then scarifying with sodium hypochlorite, scarifying seed and then chilling wet seed at 7 C for 3 months, or chilling wet seed at 2 C for 24 months. Percentage of germination for these treatments were 58, 56, and 65%, respectively. Scarifying seed with sodium hypochlorite after they had been chilled wet for 12 to 24 months at 2 C reduced germination. Other treatments that significantly enhanced germination were chilling seed wet for 4 months at 2 C, scarifying dry-stored seed with a 5.25% solution of sodium hypochlorite for 10 h, and soaking seed in concentrated hydrochloric acid for 24 min. These latter treatments resulted in germination percentages of 35, 33, and 35, respectively. Eighty percent of the viable seed usually germinated within 10 days, and when germination was poor, seed lacked embryos or were empty. Dormancy appeared to be due to an impermeable seed coat and not to a germination inhibitor.

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