scholarly journals Effect and mechanism of changes in physical structure and chemical composition of new biochar on Cu(II) adsorption in an aqueous solution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengnan Yuan ◽  
Zhongxin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Structure

Comparative Study on Compositions of Oil-Water Transition Layer before and after ClO2-Treatment Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
Dan Dan Yuan ◽  
Hong Jun Wu ◽  
Hai Xia Sheng ◽  
Xin Sui ◽  
Bao Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Viscosity Reduction ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oil Water

In order to meet the need of separating oil from water in the settling tank of the oilfield, ClO2 treatment for oil-water transition layer in settling tank is introduced. The field test displayed that the technique was achieved by a good performance. For understanding the oxidation and mechanism, compositions of oil-water transition layer were comparatively studied for before/after ClO2-treatment in this paper.The experimental results show that the compositions before and after ClO2-treatment, including physical structure and chemical composition, were varied in the great extension. The physical structure, consisting of water, oil and solid phase, was reduced to less than 5% of water and 0.5% of solid particle and increased to 95% of oil in layer compared with before-treatment, easily leading to clearly separating water from oil. The chemical composition of iron sulfide and acid insoluble substance in solid phase was decreased to more than 90% while the carbonate was reduced more than 70% . After the treatment, the viscosity reduction of the water phase in the layer was reached to 50% after oxidation demulsification with ClO2. The chemistry was discussed based on the principles and experiments. Due to ClO2 destroying (oxidizing) the rigid interface membrane structure which is supported by natural surfactant, polymer and solid particles with interface-active materials, the action accelerates the separating of water and oil and sedimentation of insoluble residue of acid in the layer. By demonstrating the experimental data and discussion, we can effectively control the oxidation performance of chlorine dioxide, which is very meaningful for oilfield on the aspect of stable production of petroleum.

Advances in Graphene for Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2121-2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Ling Luo ◽  
Xing Xing Gu ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Shu Xian Zhong ◽  
Jian Rong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Energy Storage Material ◽  
Material Composite

Graphene for its unique physical structure, excellent mechanical, electrical and physical properties has been widely applied in nanoelectronics, microelectronics, energy storage material, composite materials and so on. In recent years, many researchers found graphene have outstanding adsorption capacity of contaminants in aqueous solution due to its high specific surface area. This paper summarized the graphene, graphene oxide and functionalized graphene removing various heavy metals in waste water.

Analysis of Physical Structure and Chemical Composition of Oil-Water Transition Layer in Oil Gathering and Transportation System

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 2566-2569
Author(s):  
Dan Dan Yuan ◽  
Hong Jun Wu ◽  
Hai Xia Sheng ◽  
Bao Hui Wang ◽  
Xin Sui
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Oil Water

he existence of oil-water transition layer brings a great trouble to the dehydration of oil gathering and transportation system. It leads to raising the electric current of dehydrator and becoming worse of the deoiling and dehydrating properties of the treatment equipment, resulting in the serious influences on oil recovery. For the efficient treatment of the transition layer, it is necessary clearly to understand the structure and composition of the layer. In this paper, the physical structure and chemical composition of the layer were systematically, layer by layer and phase by phase, analyzed by modern instrumental methods The results show that (1）the layer is an emulsion which is composed of oil, water and suspended solids. The water phase has characteristics of weak alkaline，high salinity and viscous polymer. The oil phase contains many natural emulsifiers such as colloid, asphaltene and so on. The solid phase mainly concludes FeS particle which plays a decisive role in suspended solids; (2) the typical transition layer is composed of water and oil which accounts for above 90%, the content of solid impurity, which controls the emulsion of the layer, is less than 10%. Compared with oil phase, the water content of typical transition layer is larger with the density of 0.9~1.0 g/L and high freezing point. The analytical data can be adopted for the treatment of oil-water transition layer and smoothly run operations for oil gathering and transportation.

Elaboration and Investigation of Metallic Coating with Inclusion of Potassium Polytitanate

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 1140-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Shcherbakov ◽  
V.V. Ivanov ◽  
A.A. Korotkiy
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface State ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Complex Oxide ◽  
Layered Material ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Potassium Polytitanate ◽  
Optimal Quantity ◽  
Phosphorus Alloy

The possibility of receiving of compositional Ni-P coating modified by potassium polytitanate was analyzed. An aqueous solution to obtain the composite coatings on the basis of nickel-phosphorus alloy modified by K2О·nTiO2 onto steel details of the friction knots was developed. The complex oxide K2О·nTiO2 represents a layered material from the scaly form nanocrystals with 20-80 nm thick and "diameter" 280 nm. The velocity forming of the modified compositional Ni-P coating was investigated, and the optimal quantity of the introduced potassium polytitanate (8 g/l), as a modified compound into solution, was determined, too. The tribological characteristics and micro-hardness of the resulting coatings depending on the chemical composition of solution and surface state of the rider were investigated.

Analog Computation of Forms of Americium Presence in Aqueous Solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 500-503
Author(s):  
Jie Hong Lei
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Analog Computation ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Geochemical Model

In geological disposal of radioactive wastes, the study of Americium migration is very important for the safety evaluation of the repository. The forms of chemical components of Americium presence in aqueous solution that directly affect its migration behavior provide a basis for analog computation of the element. This paper uses PHREEQC, the geochemical model, for analog computation of forms of Americium presence in two types of groundwater, and analyzes the morphologies of the main elements and the influencing factors. The results show that the morphology of Americium is mainly controlled by the characteristics of the chemical composition of groundwater, while the PH value also has a great impact on the forms of Americium presence.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of the Interplanetary Dust

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 377-388
Author(s):  
Martha S. Hanner
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Cometary Material ◽  
Direct Condensation

The interplanetary dust may be composed of cometary material, interstellar grains, debris from asteroidal collisions, primordial material formed by direct condensation, or contributions from all of these sources. Before we can determine the origin of the dust, we need to know its physical nature, spatial distribution, and the dynamical forces that act on the particles. The spatial distribution and dynamics are separately treated in this symposium by Roosen. We discuss here the physical characteristics of the dust particles: their size distribution, chemical composition, physical structure, and optical properties.

scholarly journals 4.1 Meteors and Interplanetary Dust

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Millman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Lower Mass Limit ◽  
Number Of Particles

AbstractThe contribution of meteor observations to our knowledge of meteoroids and interplanetary dust is reviewed under four headings – flux, mass distribution, physical structure and chemical composition. For lower limits of particle mass ranging from 1 g to 10−5 g the mean cumulative flux into the earth’s atmosphere varies from 2 × 10−15 to 6 × 10−9 particles m−2 s−1 (2Πster)−1, and the mean size distribution of these particles is given by log N = C – 1.3 log M, where N is the cumulative number of particles counted down to a lower mass limit M, and C is a constant. The physical structure of meteoroids in the above range is essentially fragile, with generally low mean bulk densities that tend to increase with decrease in mass. A minor fraction, about 10 or 15 per cent, with orbits lying inside that of Jupiter, have densities several times the average densities, approaching those of the carbonaceous chondrites. The mean chemical composition of meteoroids seems to be similar to the bronzite chondrites for the elements heavier than number 10, but with the probable addition of extra quantities of the light volatiles H, C and O.

An insect glycoprotein: a study of the particles responsible for the resistance of a parasitoid’s egg to the defence reactions of its insect host

1979 ◽  
Vol 205 (1159) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Insect Host ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Structural Subunit ◽  
Defence Reactions

A study has been carried out of the chemical composition and physical structure of small particles, 130 nm in diameter, isolated from the calyx of the ichneumon, Nemeritis canescens. The particles are vesicular, con­sisting of a densely-staining core surrounded by an outer membrane. The core of the particles is made up of protein and carbohydrate in the ratio 100 : 17; no nucleic acid was detected. The basic chemical subunit of the core of the particles appears to be a glycoprotein of molecular mass ca . 45000. The basic structural subunit of the core, however, is a short, hollow cylinder, about 10 nm across. It seems likely that several chemical subunits make up one structural subunit, and that many structural subunits, surrounded by the membrane, make up a single particle.

scholarly journals XIII. On the rate of decomposition of chlorine-water by light

1890 ◽  
Vol 46 (280-285) ◽  
pp. 362-363
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Chloric Acid ◽  
Colourless Glass ◽  
Chlorine Water

In this research, the author has investigated by means of the voltaic balance the kind and amount of chemical change, the rate at which decomposition proceeds, and the chemical composition of the products formed at all stages of decomposition of chlorine-water, when exposed to daylight and sunlight in colourless glass vessels. The chlorine-water, by exposure to diffused daylight, was decomposed with moderate uniformity, but at a gradually diminishing rate, as shown by the losses of voltaic energy, until no further loss of such energy occurred; the liquid then consisted of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, hypochlorous acid, and chloric acid.

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