Performance, Performance Testing, and Performance Optimization**Sources (except where specified): Notes on the proceedings of the annual panel sessions for ECMS as they relate to gas turbine component life extension, 1985 through 2003, chair and organizer, C. Soares; operations case studies and notes, turbomachinery in nonconventional energy (tarsands), conventional oil and gas, aeroengine fleet management, aeroengine repair and overhaul; C. Soares, course notes “Basic Operations and Theory of Gas and Steam Turbines, Cogeneration and Combined Cycle Plants,” 2005.

Gas Turbines ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 387-470
Author(s):  
Claire Soares
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Turbine Component ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Conventional Oil

Performance Benefit Assessment of Ceramic Components in an MS9001FA Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton M. Grondahl ◽  
Toshiaki Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cooling Flow ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Compressor Inlet ◽  
Turbine Component ◽  
Plant Configuration

The introduction of a ceramic gas turbine component in commercial power generation service will require significant effort. A careful assessment of the power plant performance benefit achievable from the use of ceramic components is necessary to rationalize the priority of this development compared to other alternatives. This paper overviews a study in which the performance benefit from ceramic components was evaluated for an MS9001FA gas turbine in a combined cycle power plant configuration. The study was performed with guidelines of maintaining constant compressor inlet airflow and turbine exit NOx emissions, effectively setting the combustion reaction zone temperature. Cooling flow estimates were calculated to maintain standard design life expectancy of all components. Monolithic silicon nitride ceramic was considered for application to the transition piece, stage one and two buckets, nozzles and shrouds. Performance benefit was calculated both for ceramic properties at 1093C (2200F) and for the more optimistic 1315C (2400F) oxidatian limit of the ceramic. Hybrid ceramic-metal components were evaluated in the less optimistic case.

PerformanceAnalysis of Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant for Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinka Sofihullahi Sanusi ◽  
Palanichamy Gandhidasan ◽  
Esmail M.A. Mokheimer
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Auxiliary Heater ◽  
Solar Field

Saudi Arabia is blessed with abundant solar energywhichcan be use to meet its ever increasing power requirement. In this regard, the energy analysis and plant performance of integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC) plant with direct steam generation (DSG) was carried out for Dhahran, Saudi Arabia using four representative months of March, June, September and December. The plant consists of 180MW conventional gas turbine plant and two steam turbines of 80MW and 60MW powered by the solar field and gas turbine exhaust. With high insolation during the summer month of June the plant can achieve up to 25% of solar fraction with ISCC plant efficiency of 45% as compared to gas turbine base of 38%.This can however be improved by increasing the number of collectors or/and the use of auxiliary heater .

Gas Turbine Part Load Performance Testing: Comparison of Test Methodologies

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Schmitt ◽  
Herve Clement
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Guide Vane ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Guide Vane ◽  
Performance Guarantee ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Current trends in usage patterns of gas turbines in combined cycle applications indicate a substantial proportion of part load operation. Commensurate with the change in operating profile, there has been an increase in the propensity for part load performance guarantees. When a project is structured such that gas turbines are procured as equipment-only from the manufacturer, there is occasionally a gas turbine part load performance guarantee that coincides with the net plant combined cycle part load performance guarantee. There are several methods by which to accomplish part load gas turbine performance testing. One of the more common methods is to operate the gas turbine at the specified load value and construct correction curves at constant load. Another common method is to operate the gas turbine at a specified load percentage and construct correction curves at constant percent load. A third method is to operate the gas turbine at a selected load level that corresponds to a predetermined compressor inlet guide vane (IGV) angle. The IGV angle for this third method is the IGV angle that is needed to achieve the guaranteed load at the guaranteed boundary conditions. The third method requires correction curves constructed at constant IGV, just like base load correction curves. Each method of test and correction embodies a particular set of advantages and disadvantages. The results of an exploration into the advantages and disadvantages of the various performance testing and correction methods for part load performance testing of gas turbines are presented. Particular attention is given to estimates of the relative uncertainty for each method.

Hot-Gas-Path Life Extension Options for the V94.2 Gas Turbine

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Bohrenkämper ◽  
Herbert Bals ◽  
Ursel Wrede ◽  
René Umlauft
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Path Component ◽  
Strategic Options

Gas turbine and combined cycle power plants are typically designed for a service life of over 30 years. If operated at base load in continuous duty, the gas turbine hot-gas-path components for example in a combined-cycle power plant need repair and replacement according to the maintenance program several times during plant life. Most of the hot components would reach the end of their service life, e.g. 100,000 equivalent operating hours (EOH), after 10 to 12 years. As this is well before the end of the overall plant service life defined in the power plant concept, such plant applications therefore necessitate life extension measures enabling to continuing operation beyond 100,000 EOH. This paper presents strategic options for hot-gas-path component life entension.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Topping Stage Based on Energy Exchangers: Process and Performance

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Zauner ◽  
Yau-Pin Chyou ◽  
Frederic Walraven ◽  
Rolf Althaus
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
And Performance

Power generation in gas turbines is facing three main challenges today: • Low pollution prescribed by legal requirements. • High efficiency to obtain low operating cost and low CO2 emissions. • High specific power output to obtain low product and installation cost. Unfortunately, some of these requirements are contradictory: high efficiency and specific power force the development towards higher temperatures and pressures which increase NOx emissions and intensify the cooling and material strength problems. A breakthrough can be achieved by applying an energy exchanger as a topping stage. Inherent advantages are the self-cooled cell-rotor which can be exposed to much higher gas temperature than a steady-flow turbine and a very short residence time at peak temperature which keeps NOx emissions under control. The basic idea has been proposed long time ago. Fundamental research has now led to a new energy exchanger concept. Key issues include symmetric pressure-wave processes, partial suppression of flow separation and fluid mixing, as well as quick afterburning in premixed mode. The concept has been proven in a laboratory-scale engine with very promising results. The application of an energy exchanger as a topping stage onto existing gas turbines would increase the efficiency by 17% (relative) and the power by 25%. Since the temperature level in the turbine remains unchanged, the performance improvement can also be fully utilized in combined cycle applications. This process indicates great potentials for developing advanced gas turbine systems as well as for retrofitting existing ones.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Compressor Configuration Analysis for Production and Efficiency Optimization at PT Saka Indonesia Pangkah Ltd.

2021 ◽  
Vol 927 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Afandy ◽  
Ifani P Ramadhani ◽  
Totok R Biyanto
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Shaft Power ◽  
Turbine Shaft ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Gas Turbine Compressors are used by Saka Indonesia Pangkah Ltd. in upstream oil and gas facilities either to boost hydrocarbon products to downstream facilities or to lift liquid hydrocarbon as a common artificial method. As production rate declining leads to gas supply deficiency to the compressors, the operating point move to surge line away from the best efficiency point. Gas feed shortage affecting the compressor’s performance which contributed to head and flow capacity. This condition is then calculated and simulated using UNISIM Design Simulator to get optimum configuration results. The simulation was performed at the same gas turbine shaft power output of each compressor. Two cases of centrifugal compressors configuration with different functions and performance are studied. Due to process dynamic conditions, constraint parameter is considered as per desired operating point. This paper also analyses techno-economic aspects between individual and serial pipelines arrangement of the two compressors by evaluating operational data and design calculation. Subsequently, this study produces assessment observations associated with the compressor performance both in individual and serial configuration and eventually analyses the rate of fuel consumption in the gas turbines as the main driver. The case study shows serial arrangement between MPC-1 and GLC with same gas turbine shaft power as individual configuration can reduce fuel consumption up to 47 kg/hr. It saves as much as USD 7,569.96 per day at low demand and USD 7,569.96 at high-demand cases.

LM2500+ Single Shaft Combined Cycle With Frequency Stabilization

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Kolp ◽  
Charles E. Levey
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Heat Recovery Steam Generator ◽  
Equipment Operation ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Stable Frequency ◽  
And Performance

Zorlu Enerji needed 35 MW of reliable power at a stable frequency to maintain constant speed on the spindles producing thread at its parent company’s textile plant in Bursa, Turkey. In December of 1996, Zorlu selected an LM2500+ combined cycle plant to fill its power-generating requirements. The LM2500+ has output of 26,810 KW at a heat rate of 9,735 Kj/Kwh. The combined cycle plant has an output of 35,165 KW and a heat rate of 7,428 Kj/Kwh. The plant operates in the simple cycle mode utilizing the LM2500+ and a bypass stack and in combined cycle mode using the 2-pressure heat recovery steam generator and single admission, 9.5 MW condensing steam turbine. The generator is driven through a clutch by the steam turbine from the exciter end and by the gas turbine from the opposing end. The primary fuel for the plant is natural gas; the backup fuel is naphtha. Utilizing a load bank, the plant is capable of accepting a 12 MW load loss when the utility breaker trips open; it can sustain this loss while maintaining frequency within 1% on the mill load. The frequency stabilizing capability prevents overspeeding of the spindles, breakage of thousands of strands of thread and a costly shutdown of the mill. A description of the equipment, operation and performance illustrates the unique features of this versatile, compact and efficient generating unit.

Upgrading and Life Extension Technologies for Geothermal Steam Turbines

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sakuma ◽  
T. Matsuura ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
O. Watanabe ◽  
M. Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Steam Pressure ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Rotor Design ◽  
Environment Problem ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Heavy Damage ◽  
Turbine Output

In some aging geothermal steam turbines, the increased steam consumption is found out due to time deterioration of the turbine parts, mainly caused by erosion, corrosion damages or deposits of impurities on the steam paths. Furthermore the heavy damage due to stress corrosion cracking or corrosion fatigue damage, etc. are observed on rotors, blades and other parts and components. On the other hand in other units, the turbine output capacity decreases according to aging decrease of geothermal well pressure, that is, inlet steam pressure of turbine. Under these circumstances, upgrading and life extension are required for reliability and performance on geothermal steam turbines, particularly the existing ones. And as the effective utilization of geothermal energy is important from the viewpoint of decreasing carbon dioxide on environment problem, these technologies can, needless to say be applied to new geothermal projects as well as the existing ones. This paper describes development and application of advanced steam path design such as nozzle and blade for improving reliability and performance, and of advanced rotor design and material including overlay coating technology for improving reliability and extending life. And also it describes uprating of the existing units in opposition to aged decreasing in the inlet steam pressure.

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