Physicochemical characteristics of cementitious building materials derived from industrial solid wastes

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Abo-El-Enein ◽  
F.S. Hashem ◽  
M.S. Amin ◽  
D.M. Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Solid Wastes

scholarly journals Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Shen ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Qianlin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese Residue

The level of radionuclides is an important index for the preparation of building materials from industrial solid waste. In order to investigate the radiological hazard of five kinds of typical general industrial solid wastes in Guizhou, China, including fly ash (FA), red mud (RM), phosphorus slag (PS), phosphogypsum (PG), and electrolytic manganese residue (EMR), the radiation intensity and associated radiological impact were studied. The results show that concentrations of 238U, 235U, 232Th, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 40K for different samples vary widely. The concentration of 238U was both positively correlated with 235U and 226Ra, and the uranium contents in the measured samples were all of natural origin. The radiation levels of PG, EMR, EMR-Na (EMR activated by NaOH), and EMR-Ca (EMR activated by Ca(OH)2) were all lower than the Chinese and the world’s recommended highest levels for materials allowed to be directly used as building materials. The values of the internal and external illumination index (IRa and Iγ, respectively) for FA and RM were higher (IRa > 1.0 and Iγ > 1.3 for FA, IRa > 2.0 and Iγ > 2.0 for RM). The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), indoor and outdoor absorbed dose (Din and Dout, respectively), and corresponding annual effective dose rate (Ein and Eout) of RM, PS, and FA were higher than the recommended limit values (i.e., 370 Bq/kg, 84 nGy/h, 59 nGy/h, 0.4 mSv/y, and 0.07 mSv/y, respectively), resulting from the higher relative contribution of 226Ra and 232Th. The portion of RM, FA, and PS in building materials should be less than 75.44%, 29.72%, and 66.01%, respectively. This study provides quantitative analysis for the safe utilization of FA, RM, PS, PG, and EMR in Guizhou building materials.

Practice of Simulation to Formation of Rock Theory

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1918-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Peng Feng ◽  
Heng Hu Sun ◽  
Xiao Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
High Pollution

The utilization of industrial solid wastes as building materials has been thought of as the best way to solve the problems caused by high waste production, high resource consumption and high pollution that is inherent with the primary industries of China. However, due to the low level of usage by previous technologies, these serious problems of the primary industries still persist. Hence, it is urgent to seek an effective way to solve these problems. In this paper, based on the understanding of the theory of simulation to formation of rock and the research advances of sialite technology, it is concluded that sialite technology can achieve the effective usage of industrial solid wastes.

scholarly journals A Study of the Impact of Municipal Solid Waste on Some Soil Physicochemical Properties: The Case of the Landfill of Ain-El-Hammam Municipality, Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saïda Mouhoun-Chouaki ◽  
Arezki Derridj ◽  
Djaber Tazdaït ◽  
Rym Salah-Tazdaït
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
The Impact

Discharging of untreated municipal solid wastes (MSWs) onto land is very widespread in developing countries. The compounds contained in MSW cause a harmful effect to human and environment. Hence, an assessment of the extent of their local impact is of great interest to figure out the pollution they cause. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of discharge of solid wastes on soil quality within the landfill of Ain-El-Hammam municipality (Algeria). To achieve this, different soil physicochemical parameters were considered: granulometry, electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter content, and heavy metal concentration. The results indicated the influence of the MSW on the physicochemical characteristics of the soil by enhancing the organic matter content of soil (4.53%) and increasing heavy metal content (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cr), which is a clear indication of the level of pollution they are generating.

Researching Status and Prospect of Lightweight Aggregates Obtained from Solid Wastes in China

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 624-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Xian Liu ◽  
Li Li Shen ◽  
Fu Sheng Niu
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
National Performance ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Material ◽  
New Space

Ceramsite is a typical representation of artificial lightweight aggregates and the new energy saving and soil building materials. It has great prospects for development new material in the field of wall materials innovation and building energy efficiency. Ceramsite prepared from fly ash, coal gangue, sludge and other solid wastes were studied. Its crushing strength was 3.4~13MPa and water absorption was 2.0% ~ 18.0%, which are consistent with national performance targets. And we discussed ceramsite’s main problems in the preparation and application and prospect. To use solid wastes to prepare ceramsite can provide a new space for resource utilization and has better social environment and economic benefits.

Solid wastes generation in India and their recycling potential in building materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 2311-2320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asokan Pappu ◽  
Mohini Saxena ◽  
Shyam R. Asolekar
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Recycling Potential

scholarly journals Recovery and Modification of Waste Tire Particles and Their Use as Reinforcements of Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sadot Herrera-Sosa ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Carlos Barrera-Díaz ◽  
Epifanio Cruz-Zaragoza ◽  
Fernando Ureña-Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Hydraulic Concrete ◽  
Higher Doses

Environmental pollution caused by solid wastes is increasing in the last decades; one of these is referred to automotive tires, which are recycled by different methods, including mechanical grinding. One of the most recurrent applications is to use recycled particles as fillers in building materials, as hydraulic concrete. Nevertheless, detrimental values on the mechanical properties are obtained when they are added. For solving these problems, in this work, a novel proposal is to modify the physicochemical properties of the waste automotive tire particles, previously obtained by grinding process, by using gamma irradiation in order to use them as reinforcements of hydraulic concrete. The results show that improvements on the mechanical properties depend of gamma irradiation as well as concentration and size of waste tire particles. Moreover, SEM images are related to mechanical properties; for instance, rough surface of the tire particles changes when applying irradiation; more smooth surfaces are created, due to the cross-linking of polymer chains. Nevertheless, for higher doses, cracks are observed which are produced by scission of the polymer chains.

scholarly journals Devising technology for utilizing water treatment waste to produce ceramic building materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10 (109)) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Larysa Spasonova ◽  
Іrіna Subota ◽  
Аnastasia Sholom
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Ceramic Building

Based on the modern ideas about environmental protection, this paper reports a study into the utilization of water-treated waste from heavy metals (using copper(II) compounds as an example) for the manufacture of ceramic building materials. The examined clay minerals from local deposits and the optimal conditions for their heat treatment (at 1,100 °C) have been proposed for the sorption removal of pollutants of inorganic origin from wastewater. The use of wastewater after its treatment makes it possible to address several tasks at the same time: to protect the environment from pollution by technological wastewater, as well as to reuse wastewater in order to resolve the issue of water scarcity. Ceramic building materials were manufactured based on water purification waste (in the amount of 5 %) and clay raw materials. Their structural-mechanical and physicochemical characteristics have been comprehensively studied. Sintering processes begin at lower temperatures, which is why, with an increase in the annealing temperature to 1,000 °C and higher, their strength rapidly decreases. In the temperature range of 600‒1,100 °C, there are possibilities to apply ceramic technology to immobilize heavy metals in ceramic matrices. The prospect of utilizing water purification waste in the technological process of manufacturing inorganic ceramic materials has been shown. The safety of the building materials, manufactured by leaching pollutants from the ceramic samples using various aggressive environments (leaching to 6.4 %, 0.083 mg·cm2/day) has been investigated. The high strength and degree of the copper ion fixation in the structure of polymineral clay have been confirmed while secondary environmental pollution is almost absent

Scanning electron microscopy of asbestos-containing material where the asbestos fibers are considered locked in a binder

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
J. R. Millette ◽  
R. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Binder Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has labeled as “friable” those building materials that are likely to readily release fibers. Friable materials when dry, can easily be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder using hand pressure. Other asbestos containing building materials (ACBM) where the asbestos fibers are in a matrix of cement or bituminous or resinous binders are considered non-friable. However, when subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting or other forms of abrasion, these non-friable materials are to be treated as friable asbestos material. There has been a hypothesis that all raw asbestos fibers are encapsulated in solvents and binders and are not released as individual fibers if the material is cut or abraded. Examination of a number of different types of non-friable materials under the SEM show that after cutting or abrasion, tuffs or bundles of fibers are evident on the surfaces of the materials. When these tuffs or bundles are examined, they are shown to contain asbestos fibers which are free from binder material. These free fibers may be released into the air upon further cutting or abrasion.

Applications of SEM/EDXA in cement clinker investigation

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 870-871
Author(s):  
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou ◽  
Shondeep L. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bulk Chemical ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Proven Method ◽  
Instantaneous Chemical

All the desired properties of cement primarily depend on the physicochemical characteristics of clinker from which the cement is produced. The mineralogical composition of the clinker forms the most important parameter influencing these properties.Optical microscopy provides reasonably accurate information pertaining to the thermal history of the clinker, while XRDA still remains the proven method of phase identification, and bulk chemical composition of the clinker can be readily obtained from XRFA. Nevertheless, all these microanalytical techniques are somewhat limited in their applications, and SEM/EDXA combination fills this gap uniquely by virtue of its high resolution imaging capability and possibility of instantaneous chemical analysis of individual phases.Inhomogeneities and impurities in the raw meal, influence of kiln conditions such as sintering and cooling rate being directly related to the microstructure can be effectively determined by SEM/EDXA. In addition, several physical characteristics of cement, such as rhcology, grindability and hydraulicity also depend on the clinker microstructure.

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