scholarly journals Predicting employee absenteeism for cost effective interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 113539
Author(s):  
Natalie Lawrance ◽  
George Petrides ◽  
Marie-Anne Guerry
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Employee Absenteeism

Platelet Inhibitors and Hydroxyethyl Starch: Safe and Cost-Effective Interventions in Coronary Artery Surgery

1985 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Hicks ◽  
Lynne A. Jensen ◽  
Lisa H. Norsen ◽  
Jill R. Quinn ◽  
Scott S. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Starch ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Platelet Inhibitors ◽  
Coronary Artery Surgery ◽  
Effective Interventions

Cultivating Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Socioecological Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Shujuan Yang ◽  
Peng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Interdisciplinary Framework ◽  
The Individual

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses wide-ranging impacts on the physical and mental health of people around the world, increasing attention from both researchers and practitioners on the topic of resilience. In this article, we review previous research on resilience from the past several decades, focusing on how to cultivate resilience during emerging situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic at the individual, organizational, community, and national levels from a socioecological perspective. Although previous research has greatly enriched our understanding of the conceptualization, predicting factors, processes, and consequences of resilience from a variety of disciplines and levels, future research is needed to gain a deeper and comprehensive understanding of resilience, including developing an integrative and interdisciplinary framework for cultivating resilience, developing an understanding of resilience from a life span perspective, and developing scalable and cost-effective interventions for enhancing resilience and improving pandemic preparedness. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Relationship with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Fibromyalgia: a Systematic Review of the Literature

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar M. E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Patient Flow ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Control

Abstract Fibromyalgia is a debilitating chronic condition which poses a therapeutic challenge to the clinician. With a large backlog in patient flow subsequent to the COVID-19 pandemic and rising numbers of patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) presenting with fibromyalgia-like clinical features, there is an increasingly pressing need to identify broad cost-effective interventions. Low levels of vitamin D have previously been reported in patients with fibromyalgia, though any causative link has been difficult to establish. A systematic literature review on the association between vitamin D deficiency and fibromyalgia was performed examining retrospective evidence both for and against an association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and fibromyalgia and evaluating the therapeutic benefit from supplementation. A group of six studies were selected based on relevance, use of controls, quality of research and citations. Four primary studies assessing the prevalence of VDD in fibromyalgia patients versus controls were evaluated with a total 3,496 subjects. Three included females only and one larger study assessed males. Two (n = 313) concluded the presence of a statistically significant association, and two (n = 161) found none. Two randomised controlled trials assessing the effect of vitamin D supplementation in a total of 80 subjects found conflicting results, with pain reduction in one and none in the other. It is likely there exists an association between VDD deficiency and fibromyalgia in a large subset of patients, although establishing primary causation is difficult. There is a need for larger randomised controlled trial designs with more effective comparison with healthy subjects and control for confounding factors. Given VDD is a major problem in the general population, we recommend supplementation be recommended by healthcare professionals to fibromyalgia patients for the purpose of maintaining bone health given their potentially increased susceptibility to developing deficiency and its sequelae.

scholarly journals Supervision and monitoring to assess quality of outreach immunization sessions in a rural area using a checklist

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1950
Author(s):  
Ambika R. Bhaskar ◽  
Mridula Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
Assess Quality

Background: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions to prevent the suffering that comes from avoidable sickness, disability and death. Outreach immunization services ensure that immunization is available to children who are unable to access a general practice in a timely fashion for their immunization events. Effective supervision and monitoring will help in improving quality and coverage of immunization.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care hospital. 50 outreach sessions held in various outdoor places including Anganwadi were supervised and monitored using checklist. 110 mothers and 20 stakeholders were interviewed. Immunization records were assessed.Results: Outreach immunization sessions were found to be of good quality. 89% children were fully immunized. ANMs and ASHAs were of the opinion that outreach session has significantly raised immunization coverage. 75.4% mothers had knowledge about services provided by outreach sessions.Conclusions: There was increase in immunization coverage due to outreach sessions. There is need for adequate supervision on safety injection practices and regular timely incentive to ASHA.

scholarly journals Identification and management of prediabetes: results of the Latin America Strategic Prediabetes Meeting

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio López-Jaramillo ◽  
Ramfis E. Nieto-Martínez ◽  
Gestne Aure-Fariñez ◽  
Carlos O. Mendivil ◽  
Rodolfo A. Lahsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Care Systems

To understand the status of prediabetes diagnosis and treatment in Latin America and to evaluate the use of metformin for diabetes prevention in this context. A panel of 15 diabetes experts from seven countries in Latin America met on 14 – 15 August 2014 in Lima, Peru, to review the available literature, discuss the role of prediabetes in type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, analyze collected information, and make conclusions for prediabetes diagnosis and treatment in Latin America. Prediabetes diagnosis, screening, and treatment, including lifestyle changes, pharmacological treatment, and cost-effectiveness were discussed. Five resulting statements were issued for Latin America: prediabetes is a clinical and public health problem; health care systems do not currently diagnose/treat prediabetes; use of prediabetes risk detection tools are needed region-wide; treatment includes lifestyle changes, multidisciplinary education, and metformin; and registries of patient records and further studies should be supported. The expert panel concluded that in Latin America, preventive treatment through lifestyle changes and metformin are cost-effective interventions. It is important to improve prediabetes identification and management at the primary care level.

scholarly journals Educated Choices Program: An Impact Evaluation of a Classroom Intervention to Reduce Animal Product Consumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher John Bryant ◽  
Courtney Dillard
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Survey Responses

In this comprehensive evaluation of Educated Choices Program’s educational intervention, we report on our analysis of 95,241 student survey responses. We are excited to share these findings for a number of reasons. First and foremost, our analysis clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of this educational intervention in positively impacting student attitudes, behavioral intentions and self-reported behaviors in regard to their food choices. The scale of the dataset and the comprehensive nature of the analyses conducted provides a strong basis for funding considerations for educational interventions. This is particularly heartening because similar impacts have been difficult to find in other consumer-facing advocacy interventions. As will be highlighted later in the report, ECP’s model of intervention is both high quality and cost effective, allaying some fears about the feasibility of deploying effective interventions of this nature on a large scale.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Convolutional Neural Network for Accurate Corneal Segmentation in Early Detection of Fungal Keratitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Veena Mayya ◽  
Sowmya Kamath Shevgoor ◽  
Uma Kulkarni ◽  
Manali Hazarika ◽  
Prabal Datta Barua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fungal Keratitis ◽  
Contact Lens Wear ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Segmented Images

Microbial keratitis is an infection of the cornea of the eye that is commonly caused by prolonged contact lens wear, corneal trauma, pre-existing systemic disorders and other ocular surface disorders. It can result in severe visual impairment if improperly managed. According to the latest World Vision Report, at least 4.2 million people worldwide suffer from corneal opacities caused by infectious agents such as fungi, bacteria, protozoa and viruses. In patients with fungal keratitis (FK), often overt symptoms are not evident, until an advanced stage. Furthermore, it has been reported that clear discrimination between bacterial keratitis and FK is a challenging process even for trained corneal experts and is often misdiagnosed in more than 30% of the cases. However, if diagnosed early, vision impairment can be prevented through early cost-effective interventions. In this work, we propose a multi-scale convolutional neural network (MS-CNN) for accurate segmentation of the corneal region to enable early FK diagnosis. The proposed approach consists of a deep neural pipeline for corneal region segmentation followed by a ResNeXt model to differentiate between FK and non-FK classes. The model trained on the segmented images in the region of interest, achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 88.96%. The features learnt by the model emphasize that it can correctly identify dominant corneal lesions for detecting FK.

The neglected contributions of self-efficacy to older adults’ financial capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassam Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Financial Exploitation

Purpose An ageing population comes with its own set of challenges such as impaired financial capacity and resultant dependency on others to manage financial affairs. Dependency, in turn, as the evidence suggests, creates opportunities for financial exploitation of older adults. Related studies have primarily examined the clinical features and correlates of financial capacity or have attempted to develop its multidimensional measures. Both of which do little to resolve issues associated with impaired financial capacity. This paper aims to make a case for future researchers to assess older adults’ financial capacity from a non-clinical aspect. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the notion of self-efficacy, as encapsulated within the social cognitive theory, this paper presents evidence from a host of different domains to demonstrate the potential contributions of self-efficacy to older adults’ financial capacity. Findings The contributions of self-efficacy in preserving older adults’ financial capacity appear to be much more profound than is currently acknowledged in the literature, thereby overlooking potentially promising and cost-effective interventions for autonomous ageing. Originality/value This paper presents a novel application of self-efficacy to autonomous ageing. Within this context, potential routes to the deployment of self-efficacy-based interventions are also discussed.

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