Risk factors for multimorbidity in community-dwelling elderly: A population-based longitudinal study

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. S43
Author(s):  
R. Melis ◽  
A. Marengoni ◽  
S. Angleman ◽  
L. Fratiglioni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling

scholarly journals Prevalence, Incidence, and Associated Factors of Possible Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Chen ◽  
Mandy Ho ◽  
Pui Hing Chau
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Older Chinese

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, incidence, and associated factors of possible sarcopenia in a nationwide representative sample of the community-dwelling older Chinese population.Methods:This study used the data of participants aged 60 years and over from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Data on participants from three waves (2011–2015) of CHARLS were extracted. Possible sarcopenia was defined as low muscle strength or low physical performance, based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus. We first described baseline prevalence and four-year incidence of possible sarcopenia. Then multiple logistic regression and multivariable parametric proportional hazard model with Weibull distribution were used to examine the association of risk factors with baseline prevalence and four-year incidence of possible sarcopenia, respectively.Results:The prevalence of possible sarcopenia was 46.0%. The four-year incidence of possible sarcopenia was 11.9 per 100 person-years. Multivariable analysis revealed that advanced age and depressive symptoms were associated with increased prevalence of possible sarcopenia, while receiving education and moderate or high physical activity were associated with a lower risk of possible sarcopenia prevalence. For incidence, only advanced age was associated with an increased risk of possible sarcopenia incidence.Conclusion:Our study revealed the substantial burden of possible sarcopenia and related risk factors in community-dwelling settings in China. It highlighted the importance of early detection and intervention in this subclinical group for the prevention of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Multi-country cross-sectional study of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms: protocol and methods for the Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Sharma ◽  
Ulzii-Orishikh Luvsansharav ◽  
Prabasaj Paul ◽  
Joseph D. Lutgring ◽  
Douglas R. Call ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
High Threat

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global health emergency. Persons colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are at risk for developing subsequent multidrug-resistant infections, as colonization represents an important precursor to invasive infection. Despite reports documenting the worldwide dissemination of MDROs, fundamental questions remain regarding the burden of resistance, metrics to measure prevalence, and determinants of spread. We describe a multi-site colonization survey protocol that aims to quantify the population-based prevalence and associated risk factors for colonization with high-threat MDROs among community dwelling participants and patients admitted to hospitals within a defined population-catchment area. Methods Researchers in five countries (Bangladesh, Chile, Guatemala, Kenya, and India) will conduct a cross-sectional, population-based prevalence survey consisting of a risk factor questionnaire and collection of specimens to evaluate colonization with three high-threat MDROs: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESCrE), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Healthy adults residing in a household within the sampling area will be enrolled in addition to eligible hospitalized adults. Colonizing isolates of these MDROs will be compared by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to routinely collected invasive clinical isolates, where available, to determine potential pathogenicity. A colonizing MDRO isolate will be categorized as potentially pathogenic if the MLST pattern of the colonizing isolate matches the MLST pattern of an invasive clinical isolate. The outcomes of this study will be estimates of the population-based prevalence of colonization with ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA; determination of the proportion of colonizing ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA with pathogenic characteristics based on MLST; identification of factors independently associated with ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA colonization; and creation an archive of ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA isolates for future study. Discussion This is the first study to use a common protocol to evaluate population-based prevalence and risk factors associated with MDRO colonization among community-dwelling and hospitalized adults in multiple countries with diverse epidemiological conditions, including low- and middle-income settings. The results will be used to better describe the global epidemiology of MDROs and guide the development of mitigation strategies in both community and healthcare settings. These standardized baseline surveys can also inform future studies seeking to further characterize MDRO epidemiology globally.

scholarly journals Associations Between Potentially Modifiable and Nonmodifiable Risk Factors and Gait Speed in Middle- and Older-Aged Adults: Results From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Figgins ◽  
Yun-Hee Choi ◽  
Mark Speechley ◽  
Manuel Montero-Odasso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background Gait speed is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Understanding the factors associated with gait speed and the associated adverse outcomes will inform mitigation strategies. We assessed the potentially modifiable and nonmodifiable factors associated with gait speed in a large national cohort of middle and older-aged Canadian adults. Methods We examined cross-sectional baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Comprehensive cohort. The study sample included 20 201 community-dwelling adults aged 45–85 years. The associations between sociodemographic and anthropometric factors, chronic conditions, and cognitive, clinical, and lifestyle factors and 4-m usual gait speed (m/s) were estimated using hierarchical multivariable linear regression. Results The coefficient of determination, R  2, of the final regression model was 19.7%, with 12.9% of gait speed variability explained by sociodemographic and anthropometric factors, and nonmodifiable chronic conditions and 6.8% explained by potentially modifiable chronic conditions, cognitive, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Potentially modifiable factors significantly associated with gait speed include cardiovascular conditions (unstandardized regression coefficient, B = −0.018; p < .001), stroke (B = −0.025; p = .003), hypertension (B = −0.007; p = .026), serum Vitamin D (B = 0.004; p < .001), C-reactive protein (B = −0.005; p = .005), depressive symptoms (B = −0.003; p < .001), physical activity (B = 0.0001; p < .001), grip strength (B = 0.003; p < .001), current smoking (B = −0.026; p < .001), severe obesity (B = −0.086; p < .001), and chronic pain (B = −0.008; p = .018). Conclusions The correlates of gait speed in adulthood are multifactorial, with many being potentially modifiable through interventions and education. Our results provide a life-course-perspective framework for future longitudinal assessments risk factors affecting gait speed.

scholarly journals Risk factors for young people not in education, employment or training (NEET) using the Scottish Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Everington ◽  
Zhiqiang Feng ◽  
Kevin Ralston ◽  
Chris Dibben
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vital Event ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
School Qualification ◽  
High Level

BackgroundThe high level of young people not in education, employment or training (NEET) has been an important long-standing issue in Scotland. The experience of being NEET has long term detrimental effects. Main AimIdentify risk factors that could inform interventions aimed at reducing the number of NEETs. MethodsWe use the Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS) which provides a 5.3% representative sample of Scotland’s population based around the Censuses of 1991, 2001 and 2011. The SLS includes Vital Event data, Census data for the SLS sample and also those living in the same household and, since 2007, school census data. This allows us to study two cohorts of 16-19 year olds (the ages used in Scotland when considering NEET status) over a period of 10 years: those 6-9 years old at the time of the 1991 Census to the 2001 Census when they were 16-19 years old those 6-9 years old at the time of the 2001 Census to the 2011 Census when they were 16-19 years old We used logistic regression to investigate whether NEET status is associated with individual, family and household characteristics measured 10 years previously and later data including school qualification, school behaviour, areal characteristics and teenage pregnancy. ResultsThese analyses found several factors were associated with the likelihood of being NEET for both cohorts, including having no qualifications, teenage pregnancy and living in an area where there was a relatively high level of NEETs (100% census data). For the later cohort, school census data were available and school behaviour were important factors, whereas household characteristics at childhood were important factors for the earlier cohort. ConclusionA number of factors are associated with NEET but those closer in time to the NEET ages of 16-19 appear to be more important than childhood factors.

Risk factors for future falls among community-dwelling older adults without a fall in the previous year: A prospective one-year longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 104161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Mello Porto ◽  
Natália Camargo Rodrigues Iosimuta ◽  
Renato Campos Freire Júnior ◽  
Roberta de Matos Brunelli Braghin ◽  
Érika Leitner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
One Year ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Mood Disorders in Late Life: A Population-based Analysis of Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Consequences in Community-dwelling Older Adults in Ontario: Troubles de l’humeur en âge avancé : Une analyse dans la population de la prévalence, des facteurs de risque et des conséquences chez des adultes âgés vivant en milieu communautaire en Ontario

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 630-640
Author(s):  
Rachel Strauss ◽  
Paul Kurdyak ◽  
Richard H. Glazier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Objective: Mental health issues in late life are a growing public health challenge as the population aged 65 and older rapidly increases worldwide. An updated understanding of the causes of mood disorders and their consequences in late life could guide interventions for this underrecognized and undertreated problem. We undertook a population-based analysis to quantify the prevalence of mood disorders in late life in Ontario, Canada, and to identify potential risk factors and consequences. Method: Individuals aged 65 or older participating in 4 cycles of a nationally representative survey were included. Self-report of a diagnosed mood disorder was used as the outcome measure. Using linked administrative data, we quantified associations between mood disorder and potential risk factors such as demographic/socioeconomic factors, substance use, and comorbidity. We also determined associations between mood disorders and 5-year outcomes including health service utilization and mortality. Results: The prevalence of mood disorders was 6.1% (4.9% among males, 7.1% among females). Statistically significant associations with mood disorders included younger age, female sex, food insecurity, chronic opioid use, smoking, and morbidity. Individuals with mood disorders had increased odds of all consequences examined, including placement in long-term care (adjusted odds ratio [OR] =2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71 to 3.02) and death (adjusted OR = 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.63). Conclusions: Mood disorders in late life were strongly correlated with demographic and social/behavioral factors, health care use, institutionalization, and mortality. Understanding these relationships provides a basis for potential interventions to reduce the occurrence of mood disorders in late life and their consequences.

scholarly journals Association Between Sense of Coherence and Health Outcomes at 10 and 20 Years Follow-Up: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dziuba ◽  
Janina Krell-Roesch ◽  
Steffen C. E. Schmidt ◽  
Klaus Bös ◽  
Alexander Woll
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Health Parameters

Background: The sense of coherence (SOC) is reported to influence health, but health may also have an impact on SOC. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC and selected self-reported and physician-assessed health outcomes over a period of 10 and 20 years and to determine the predominant direction of the associations.Methods: We conducted a population-based, longitudinal study, involving 392 participants (188 females and 204 males; mean age 43.01 years) who were followed for a median of 10 and 18 years. Analyses of variance were carried out to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC at baseline and health outcomes (i.e., self-rated health status, SHS; physical health status assessed by a physician, PHS; self-reported satisfaction with life, SWL) at follow-ups. The direction of associations was examined using a cross-lagged model on correlation coefficients.Results: There were significant group effects for SOC at baseline on SHS at 20-year follow-up (F = 4.09, p = 0.018, ηp2 = 0.041), as well as on SWL at 10-year (F = 12.67, p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.072) and at 20-year follow-up (F = 8.09, p < 0.1, ηp2 = 0.069). SHS (r = 0.238, p < 0.01), PHS (r = −0.140, p < 0.05) and SWL (r = 0.400, p < 0.01) predicted SOC at 10-year follow-up stronger than vice versa. The direction of associations between SOC and health parameters at 20-year follow-up was less consistent.Conclusions: The long-term associations between SOC and self-reported and physician-assessed health may be reciprocal in community-dwelling adults. More research is needed to examine the predictive power of health on SOC and whether interventions targeted at improving health parameters, may impact SOC.

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