Arterial stiffness is associated with cardiovascular and cancer mortality in cancer patients: Insight from NHANESIII

Abstract Background Cancer patients’ prognoses are complicated by comorbidities. Prognostic prediction models with inappropriate comorbidity adjustments yield biased survival estimates. However, an appropriate claims-based comorbidity risk assessment method remains unclear. This study aimed to compare methods used to capture comorbidities from claims data and predict non-cancer mortality risks among cancer patients. Methods Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database in Korea; 2979 cancer patients diagnosed in 2006 were considered. Claims-based Charlson Comorbidity Index was evaluated according to the various assessment methods: different periods in washout window, lookback, and claim types. The prevalence of comorbidities and associated non-cancer mortality risks were compared. The Cox proportional hazards models considering left-truncation were used to estimate the non-cancer mortality risks. Results The prevalence of peptic ulcer, the most common comorbidity, ranged from 1.5 to 31.0%, and the proportion of patients with ≥1 comorbidity ranged from 4.5 to 58.4%, depending on the assessment methods. Outpatient claims captured 96.9% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, they captured only 65.2% of patients with myocardial infarction. The different assessment methods affected non-cancer mortality risks; for example, the hazard ratios for patients with moderate comorbidity (CCI 3–4) varied from 1.0 (95% CI: 0.6–1.6) to 5.0 (95% CI: 2.7–9.3). Inpatient claims resulted in relatively higher estimates reflective of disease severity. Conclusions The prevalence of comorbidities and associated non-cancer mortality risks varied considerably by the assessment methods. Researchers should understand the complexity of comorbidity assessments in claims-based risk assessment and select an optimal approach.

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The impact of COVID 19 pandemic on pattern of cancer mortality in Najran, Saudi Arabia: a single-cancer center experience

10.21203/rs.3.rs-305960/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed M Badheeb ◽

Mohamed A Badheeb ◽

Hamdi A Alhakimi

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: The aim of this paper is to compare the patterns and determinants of cancer mortality in Najran region before and after the COVID-19 epidemics. The association between cancer mortality and each of age, sex, site of cancer, stage, and the 30-days survival rate after the last dose of chemotherapy were assessed.Materials & Methods: Adult cancer patients who died of cancer in King Khalid Hospital in Najran Saudi Arabia, were included in this retrospective observational study. We compared mortality patterns in a period of 6 months in 2020 (March to August) with the corresponding period of 2019.Results: 50 dead adult cancer patients were included, 24 in 2019 and 26 in 2020. Among them, 21% vs 42% were younger than 65 years of age; 61% vs 62% were males, for the years 2019 & 2020 respectively. The top three killers in 2019 were colorectal, gastro-esophageal cancers, and hepatocellular carcinoma, while in 2020 were colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, and lymphomas. About 16.7% of patients died within 30 days of receiving anti-cancer treatment in 2019 in comparison with 7.7% in 2020. The difference in the 30-days mortality after receiving anti-cancer treatment was not statistically significant between 2019 and 2020 (p = 0.329).Conclusion: The Year 2020, the time of the COVID-19pandemic, was not associated with a significant increase in short-term mortality among patients with malignancy in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Our results generally reflect the crucial role of strict preventive national measures in saving lives and warrants further exploration.

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Suicides and Cancer Mortality in Russia: A Comparative Analysis of Trends

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.044 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S253-S253

Author(s):

Y. Razvodovsky

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Good Reason ◽

Cervix Uterus ◽

Population Level ◽

Aggregate Level ◽

Upper Digestive Tract ◽

Suicide Rates

IntroductionThe association between suicide and cancer is complex. Hopelessness and depression are the common risk factors for both suicide and cancer. There is also evidence that suicide rate in cancer patients are higher than in the general population. However, the real occurrence of suicide in cancer patients is considered to be underreported. This is a good reason to expect a positive relationship between cancer mortality and suicide rates at the population level.AimsThe present study aims to test the hypothesis of the close aggregate level link between cancer mortality and the suicide rates in Russia.MethodsTrends in sex-specific cancer mortality and the suicide rates from 1956 to 2010 were analyzed employing a distributed lags analysis.ResultsThe results of analysis indicate the presence of a statistically significant association between trends in suicides and cancer of the upper digestive tract (mouth, oral cavity and pharynx), larynx, bronchus and lungs, stomach, colorectal, uretus and leukemia for male. There is also a statistically significant association between trends in suicides and cancer of the upper digestive tract (mouth, oral cavity and pharynx), larynx, bronchus and lungs, stomach, colorectal, uretus, breast, cervix, uterus and leukemia for female.ConclusionsCommon confounding variables, including binge drinking and psychosocial distress, may explain positive aggregate-level association between the cancer mortality and suicides time series in Russia.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Marital status and suicide as a competing cause of mortality among cancer survivors.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e19113-e19113

Author(s):

Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters ◽

Matthew C Simpson ◽

Eric Y Du ◽

Scott A Hong ◽

Aleksandr R Bukatko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Marital Status ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Suicide Mortality ◽

Cancer Site ◽

Mortality Risks

e19113 Background: The risk of suicide among cancer survivors more than double that of the general population, highlighting the need to mitigating risk factors for suicide. While several studies have described marital status, a surrogate for social support, as associated with cancer mortality, it is inconclusive whether marital status impacts suicide as a competing cause of cancer mortality. We tested this hypothesis by describing the association of marital status and suicide among survivors of four cancer sites with the highest suicide mortality rates in the United States. Methods: Adult cancer patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database from 2004 to 2016 for four index cancer sites previously identified with highest suicide mortality rates: pancreas, head and neck, lung/bronchus and stomach ( n = 800,798). Cumulative incidence curves stratified by marital status (divorced/separated, widowed, never unmarried, and married/partnered) estimated unadjusted probability of suicide (outcome of interest). A multivariable competing risk proportional hazards model yielded sub-distribution hazard ratios (sdHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the association of marital status with suicide for each cancer site, while controlling for clinical and nonclinical factors. Results: Half (50.7%) of the cohort were married/partnered, males (56.8%), and non-Hispanic whites (71.0%). Mean age at diagnosis was 67.3 years. Most patients (60.9%) had cancer in the lung/bronchus, 17.9% head and neck, 13.8% pancreas, and 8.3% stomach. Unadjusted probability of suicide was highest among head and neck cancer survivors (0.3%). In the fully adjusted model, mortality by suicide was more likely among divorced/separated patients vs. married/partnered patients across cancer sites (sdHRhead and neck = 1.81; 95% CI 1.38, 2.37; sdHRlung/bronchus = 1.68; 95% CI 1.28, 2.19; sdHRpancreas = 2.19; 95% CI 1.27, 3.78; and sdHRstomach = 2.38; 95% CI 1.17, 4.58). Additionally, for lung/bronchus cancer, patients who were never married patients were more likely to die by suicide than those married/partnered (sdHRlung/bronchus = 1.47; 95% CI 1.09, 1.98). Conclusions: Marital status is associated with suicide mortality among cancer survivors, and divorced/separated survivors may have greater suicide mortality risks, independent of cancer site. As overall probability of suicide remains low, these findings might help identify cancer survivors who may be candidates for ongoing surveillance and psychosocial support to mitigate suicide mortality risks.

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Relationship of Predicted Risk of Developing Invasive Breast Cancer, as Assessed with Three Models, and Breast Cancer Mortality among Breast Cancer Patients

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0160966 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. e0160966 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark E. Sherman ◽

Laura Ichikawa ◽

Ruth M. Pfeiffer ◽

Diana L. Miglioretti ◽

Karla Kerlikowske ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Invasive Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Breast Cancer Mortality ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Predicted Risk

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Arterial Stiffness in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Anthracycline and Trastuzumab-Based Regimens

Cardiology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2018/5352914 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Özlem Yersal ◽

Ufuk Eryilmaz ◽

Hakan Akdam ◽

Nezih Meydan ◽

Sabri Barutca

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

Aims. Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of premature morbidity and mortality in early breast cancer patients after treatment with cardiotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for future cardiovascular diseases and can be used as a predictive marker of subclinical cardiac damage. The aim of this study is to analyze the arterial stiffness in breast cancer patients who are in the follow-up period after receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens with trastuzumab. Methods and Material. We enrolled 45 HER2-positive breast cancer patients who are on follow-up at least for six months after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab, and cardiovascular risk matched 30 control volunteers. The measurements were done with pulse wave analyzing machine. Results. Mean pulse wave velocity was higher in breast cancer patients compared to controls. The pulse wave velocity was significantly higher in patients receiving aromatase inhibitors compared to patients under tamoxifen. It was also significantly higher in postmenopausal breast cancer patients than postmenopausal controls. Conclusions. Arterial stiffness measurements may predict the breast cancer survivors with higher risk for cardiovascular events earlier in the follow-up period, and necessary preventive approaches and/or treatments can be applied.

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Cancer mortality in the first degree relatives of young breast cancer patients

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/bjc.1992.321 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 599-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

KE Anderson ◽

DF Easton ◽

FE Matthews ◽

J Peto

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Young Breast Cancer

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Smoking cessation after lung cancer diagnosis improves disease prognosis

Malignant tumours ◽

10.18027/2224-5057-2021-11-3-15-22 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 15-22

Author(s):

D. G. Zaridze ◽

A. F. Mukeria ◽

O. V. Shangina ◽

I. S. Stilidi

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Clinical Guidelines ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Specific Cancer ◽

American Society

Abstract: The presented clinical and epidemiological study is the world»s first large prospective study of the effect of smoking cessation after lung cancer (LC) diagnosis on the prognosis. Follow‑up of 517 patients with NSCLC for 7 years in average showed that continued smoking after diagnosis is a serious negative prognostic factor. At the same time smoking cessation improves OS and PFS by 22,6 months and specific cancer mortality by 22,8 months; reduces the risk of all‑cause mortality by 33 %, the risk of progression by 30 % and the risk of specific cancer mortality by 25 %. Almost 60 % of patients in our study continued smoking after diagnosis. Consequently, they had avoidable excess mortality which eventually reduced their life by 2 years.The positive effect of smoking cessation after diagnosis found in our study significantly exceeds the «meaningful benefit» (improvement in median overall survival by 2,5–6 months) for antineoplastic agents proposed by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Moreover, the study suggests that the benefits of smoking cessation after LC diagnosis are at least equal or superior to the significant results obtained in clinical studies of the effectiveness of innovative treatments.We hope that the results of our study will contribute to the inclusion of smoking cessation in clinical guidelines for the treatment of NSCLC and other cancers. The treatment program for cancer patients should include evidence‑based methods of smoking cessation presented in the form of «Clinical Guidelines for Smoking Cessation for Cancer Patients».Treating smoking in cancer patients is cost‑effective for the health care system, especially when compared to other treat‑ments. Conversely, continuing smoking after diagnosis significantly increases treatment costs.The introduction of recommendations on smoking cessation and treatment of nicotine addiction into the practice will improve the overall mortality rate by 30–35 % in more than 60,000 patients annually diagnosed with lung cancer in Russia. The clinical value of this method is obvious, since it has been proven to be highly efficient in improving the life expectancy of patients, and, ultimately, in reducing cancer mortality in Russia.

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Safety of image-guided radiotherapy in definitive radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: a population-based analysis

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20200456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 94 (1121) ◽

pp. 20200456

Author(s):

Yao-Hung Kuo ◽

Ji-An Liang ◽

Guan-Heng Chen ◽

Chia-Chin Li ◽

Chun-Ru Chien

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Localized Prostate Cancer ◽

Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽

Definitive Radiotherapy ◽

Image Guided ◽

The Impact

Objectives: Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) is a recommended advanced radiation technique that is associated with fewer acute and chronic toxicities. However, one Phase III trial showed worse overall survival in the IGRT arm. The purpose of this observational study is to evaluate the impact of IGRT on overall survival. Methods: We used the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database to enroll cT1-4N0M0 prostate cancer patients who received definitive radiotherapy between 2011 and 2015. We used inverse probability treatment weighting (IPW) to construct balanced IGRT and non-IGRT groups. We compared the overall survival of those in the IGRT and non-IGRT groups. Supplementary analyses (SA) were performed with alternative covariates in propensity score (PS) models and PS approaches. The incidence rates of prostate cancer mortality (IPCM), other cancer mortality (IOCM), and cardiovascular mortality (ICVM) were also evaluated. Results: There were 360 patients in the IGRT arm and 476 patients in the non-IGRT arm. The median follow-up time was 50 months. The 5-year overall survival was 88% in the IGRT arm and 86% in the non-IGRT arm (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] of death = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.61–1.45; p = 0.77). The SA also showed no significant differences in the overall survival between those in the IGRT and non-IGRT arms. Both groups did not significantly differ in terms of IPCM, IOCM, and ICVM. Conclusions: The overall survival of localized prostate cancer patients who underwent IGRT was not inferior to those who did not. Advances in knowledge: We demonstrated that the overall survival for prostate cancer patients with IGRT was not worse than those who did not undergo IGRT; this important outcome comparison has not been previously examined in the general population.

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