scholarly journals Pharmacognostic, physicochemical and phytochemical investigation of Bacopa monnieri L. stem and its anticonvulsant potential in laboratory animals

2015 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 019-027
Author(s):  
Amrita Mishra ◽  
Arun Mishra ◽  
Om PrakashTiwari ◽  
Shivesh Jha
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Bacoside A ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Marker Compound ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Abstract Aim The aim of present work was to study the pharmacognostic standardization, physicochemical, phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of the stem of Bacopa monnieri L. Method Standard method was followed for pharmacognostic, physicochemical, and phytochemical study. For quantitative analysis, HPTLC technique was employed. Maximal electroconvulsive shock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) method was used for anticonvulsant evaluation. Result Microscopic study of the stem showed presence of epidermis and cortex having large intercellular spaces. The oval shaped starch grains were present in cells of cortex and endodermis. Total ash (5.98%), water-soluble ash (4.91%), acid-insoluble ash (3.96%), water soluble extractive (15.31%) and ethanol soluble extractive (6.74%) values were evaluated for physicochemical evaluations. Quantitative estimation of Bacoside A (marker compound) by HPTLC technique was performed. The linearity (100–600 ng), the % recovery (97.81% w/w) were estimated. The Bacoside A in the alcoholic extract was found to be higher than that of the other extracts. The proposed HPTLC method was found to be simple and accurate. The anticonvulsant activities of all the extracts were evaluated by MES and PTZ models in mice. Conclusion The least anticonvulsant potential was recorded for acetone extract in dose of 100 mg/kg and maximum anticonvulsant action was recorded for ethanolic extract in dose of 300 mg/kg.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND HPTLC ANALYSIS OF COSTUS PICTUS D.DON.

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Hasna.T ◽  
Vivek.P ◽  
Manojkumar.N
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The ancient wisdom in Ayurveda medicine is still not exhaustively explored. Multiple exotic plants existent in India which are not described in classical literature of Ayurveda are commonly referred to as Anukta Dravya (undocumented). Costus pictus D.Don is such a plant, recently introduced in India from Mexico, which is used for renal disorders there. In India, it is used in Diabetes mellitus. This is proven for antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancerous, antimicrobial and diuretic actions. It is an easily propagated, palatable and cost effective plant. Identification through pharmacognostical and phytochemical studies is essential for the standardization of any plant. The green leaf is narrowly elliptic with 10 to 25cm length and 2.5 to 6cm width. Microscopy revealed presence of vascular bundles, unicellular trichomes in upper epidermis, thin walled parenchyma cells in ground tissue and layers of parenchymatous hypodermis. Powder microscopy showed presence of epidermal parenchyma cells with underlying chlorenchyma group of fibers and fibro vascular bundles.TLC photo documentation revealed presence of many phytoconstituents with different Rf values. Densitometric scan showed many peaks, 10 at 254nm, 11 at 366nm, 6 at 520nm and 9 at 620 nm after derivatisation. Moisture content was 20%. The percentage of total ash, acid insoluble ash, and water insoluble ash was determined. The water soluble extractive value was 22.57 which is highest among all the extracts. The results indicated the presence of alkaloid, steroids, tannins, flavanoids, phenol, carbohydrate and resin in ethanolic extract and steroid, flavanoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and glycosides in water extract.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Studies onBauhinia racemosaLam.Bauhinia purpureaLinn. andHardwickia binataRoxb

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Sharanabasappa ◽  
M. K. Santosh ◽  
D. Shaila ◽  
Y. N. Seetharam ◽  
I. Sanjeevarao
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Bauhinia Purpurea ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The present paper deals with the phytochemical studies onBauhinia racemosaLam.,Bauhinia purpureaLinn. andHardwickia binataRoxb. The phytochemical study of three plants involve preliminary phytochemical studies, physico-chemical studies, quantitative estimation of primary and secondary metabolites, TLC study and HPLC fingerprint study of ethanolic extract of leaves of three plants. In HPLC fingerprint study, the three peaks at a retention time of 15 min, 17 min and 19 min were identical inB. racemosaandB. purpureawhich was confirmed by overlaid spectra. The generated data may be useful in suggesting chemotaxonomical interrelation between three plants.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF FLAVONOID AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS OF THE ROOT, STEM AND LEAVES OF TEPHROSIA PURPUREA LINN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Nigam ◽  
R Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Tephrosia Purpurea ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Herbal drugs are traditionally used in various parts of the world to cure different diseases. The purpose of present study is to characterize phytoconstituents in the various part of Tephrosia purpurea. The root, stem and leaves of Tephrosia purpurea were washed, air dried and then powdered. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of various part of Tephrosia purpurea were used for the phytochemical investigation to find out the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents in the plant. The result of the phytochemical analysis of Tephrosia purpurea showed presence or absence in addition to quantitative (mg/100mg) contents of flavonoid and Phenol in the plant.Present study will help to identify the different parts of the plant from which higher quantities of the phytochemical can be derived and for the development of new herbal drugs from Tephrosia purpurea. Keywords: Phytoconstituents, Phytochemical, Tephrosia purpurea, Aqueous ethanolic extract, Flavonoid, Phenol.

scholarly journals Preliminary Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Evaluation of Stems of Mimosa hamata (Willd)

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Khan N. I ◽  
Hatapakki B. C.
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Powder Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Estimation

<strong>Objective</strong><br /> The aim of the present study is to investigate the pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation of the<em> Mimosa hamata </em>(Willd.) is a flowering shrub of Mimosaceae family which is used in various traditional medicines to cure various diseases. <em>Mimosa hamata (</em>Willd.) and <em>Mimosa pudica </em>are also known as Touch-me-not plant. A wide range of chemical compounds including 4-ethyl-gallic acid; triterpinicsaponin A, B; ethylgallate; mimonoside A, B, C; etc have been isolated from this plant. <br /><strong>Methods</strong><br /> Morphological and microscopic characters, powder analysis, and extractive values of ethanolic extract of stem of <em>Mimosa hamata </em>and qualitative estimation of phytochemicals were determined. The pharmacognostical parameters such as total ash value, acid insoluble ash value and water soluble ash value, alcohol soluble extractive and water soluble extractive were also determined. <br /><strong>Results</strong><br /> The results of pharmacognostic analysis of stem of <em>Mimosa hamata</em> (Willd) have revealed the total ash 8.5 % , water soluble ash 0.5 %, water insoluble ash 1.5%, Moisture content 2.5 %, alcohol soluble extractive value 14.29 % and water soluble extractive value 9.75%. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of stem of showed the presence of flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins etc.<br /><strong>Conclusions<br /></strong>It signifies that results revealed the presence of various bioactive constituents which could be exploited for their biopotential for medicinal purposes.

A Water-Soluble Fenbendazole (FBZ) Formulation for Treating Pinworm Infections in Laboratory Animals

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Jang-Ha Ryu ◽  
James Diakur ◽  
Sandra Kelly ◽  
James Russell ◽  
Leonard Wiebe
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Laboratory Animals

SCREENING OF ANTI-ANXIETY ACTIVITY OF UNRIPE FRUITS OF MUSA PARADISIACA LINN.

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (09) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
C. S Hallikeri ◽  
◽  
S. D Joshi ◽  
P Patil ◽  
V. H Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity ◽  
Unripe Fruits

The alcoholic extract of unripe fruits of Musa paradisiaca Linn. (Musaceae) was evaluated for antianxiety activity by using operant behavior (behavioral disinhibition) model of anxiety in albino rats. Phytochemical investigation of alcoholic extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, amino acids,vitamins and carbohydrates. Alcoholic extract showed significant anti-punishment and anti-frustration activities at dose level of 500 mg/kg/day for 5 days which is comparable to standard drug, diazepam 5mg/kg. The presence of amino acid and flavonoids in alcoholic extract could be attributed for the antianxiety and other CNS depressant activity.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical, Physico-Chemical and Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Whole Plant of Piper Longum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 440-449
Author(s):  
Fathima Suman P ◽  
Minhaj . ◽  
I Arthi
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Identification ◽  
Piper Longum ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Physicochemical Constants

This study deals with the Pharmacognostical physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation of the whole plant of Piper longum L. Pharmacognostical studies include macroscopic, microscopic and physicochemical evaluation. Physicochemical constants showed the values of total ash (10.8%), acid insoluble ash (1.3%), water soluble ash (3.2%), sulphated ash (12%), nitrated ash (1.85%), hot extraction (11.2%), water soluble extractive (4.8%), ethanol soluble extractive (12.4%), ether soluble extractive (5.6%), loss on drying (29%), swelling index (0.33) and mucilage content (0.8%) w/w. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the alcoholic extract showed presents of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, mucilage, starch, steroid and flavonoids. This study helps to development of different standard parameters of the plant which help the plant identification and authentication. Keywords: Piper longum L., Whole plant, Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical, Extract.

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum heterophyllum: Isolation, characterization, and UHPLC-DAD based quantification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anmol - ◽  
Surekha Kumari ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Raman Singh ◽  
Gaurav Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Diterpenoid Alkaloid ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Aconitic Acid ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Aconitum Heterophyllum ◽  
First Time

Aconitum heterophyllum is a traditionally important medicinal plant having numerous therapeutic actions as documented in Ayurveda. This plant has been used alone as well as in combination with other plants for the preparation of different anti-malarial formulations. However, there is no report on the assessment of its anti-plasmodial activity, and the compound responsible for this activity. The main aim of this study was to conduct phytochemical investigation of A. heterophyllum roots for the preparation of extract, fractions and isolation of pure molecules to identify active fractions/molecules responsible for the anti-plasmodial activity, and development of UHPLC-DAD based analytical method which can be used for the quantification of marker compounds in the extracts and fractions. Hydro-alcoholic extract (1:1 v/v) and fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) were prepared from the dried powdered roots of A. heterophyllum. Fractions were further subjected to silica gel-based column chromatography to isolate pure specialized secondary metabolites from this plant. All extracts, fractions and pure molecules were evaluated against the chloroquine resistant Pf INDO and chloroquine sensitive Pf3D7 strains in culture for calculating their IC50 values. UHPLC-DAD based analytical method was also developed for the first time for the quantification and quality assessment of this commercially important Himalayan medicinal plant. Phytochemical investigation of A. heterophyllum root led to the isolation of six specialized metabolites named as 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1), atisinium (2), 4-oxabicyclo [3.2.2] nona-1(7),5,8-triene (3), atisinium cinnamate (4), aconitic acid (5), and atisinium formate (6). Compound 1 is a new hetisine type diterpenoid alkaloid, compounds 4 and 6 are new counter ionic forms observed with atisinium ion, and compound 3 is being reported for the first time from this genus. Chloroform fraction was found to be the most active with IC50 (µg/mL) 1.01 (Pf INDO) and 1.32 (Pf3D7). The isolated molecule 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1), a new diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from chloroform fraction, showed promising antiplasmodial activities with IC50 (µM) 1.92 (Pf INDO) and 10.8 (Pf 3D7). Activity of chloroform fraction was further validated by the developed UHPLC-DAD based method as the quantity of 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1) was higher in the chloroform fraction (≅200 µg/mL) than in all other fractions (< 7µg/mL). Atisinium (2) and 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1) were found to be the main marker compounds of this plant based on quantity and antiplasmodial activity, respectively. This study provides the scientific rational for the traditional use of this plant in treating malaria. Further, this study revealed that anti-malarial potential of this plant might be due to the presence of diterpenoid alkaloids.

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