Effect of baking powder as a substitute of pork lard on the texture of Mexican tamales

2021 ◽  
pp. 100387
Author(s):  
Cruz-Vazquez Celia ◽  
Villanueva-Carvajal Adriana ◽  
Estrada-Campuzano Gaspar ◽  
Dominguez-Lopez Aurelio
Keyword(s):  
Pork Lard

scholarly journals Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in diets fed to sows on fatty acids in brain, muscle and skin of their piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
I De Gasperín ◽  
J.G. Vicente ◽  
J.M. Pinos-Rodríguez ◽  
F Montiel ◽  
R Loeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fat ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Piglet Survival

The aim of this research was to determine fatty acid profiles in piglet brain, skin, and muscle, and in the milk of sows fed fat with different saturation grades during gestation and lactation. At 42 days of gestation, 50 multiparous sows were randomly allocated to one of two treatments, namely a diet containing pork lard (n = 25) and a diet containing soybean oil (n = 25). The fats were provided at 3.6% during gestation and at 4% during lactation. The experimental diets were offered through the weaning of the piglets. The fatty acid profile of the milk was determined fourteen days after parturition. At weaning (21 days postpartum) and seven days later, one of the piglets (n = 64) from 16 sows allocated to each treatment was selected at random to determine fatty acid profiles in brain, skin and muscle. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were higher in the diet with pork lard than in that with soybean oil, in which the polyunsaturated fat content was higher. A higher saturation of fatty acids was found in milk from the sows that consumed pork lard, which contained more saturated fatty acids than the milk from sows that consumed soybean oil. The fatty acid profiles in muscle and skin of the piglets were affected by the diet of the sows. However, the fatty acid profile of the piglets’ brains was not affected by the diet of their mothers. Keywords: fat saturation, lard, piglet survival, sow feeding, soybean oil

scholarly journals Oxidative changes of vegetable oils during microwave heating

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 230-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dostálová ◽  
P. Hanzlík ◽  
Z. Réblová ◽  
J. Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Peanut Oil ◽  
Polyenoic Acid ◽  
Lipid Degradation ◽  
Gamma Tocopherol ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Low Levels

The oxidative stabilities of pork lard, sunflower, zero-erucic rapeseed, peanut and high-oleic peanut oils were tested under microwave heating conditions. Vegetable oils and lard were heated in a microwave oven for up to 40 min between 25°C and 200°C. The peroxide value, the contents of conjugated dienoic and trienoic acids, and polymers were used as markers of lipid degradation. Sunflower oil was found the least stable oil because of a high polyenoic acid content and a low content of γ-tocopherol. Rapeseed oil was more stable because of a lower polyenoic acid content and a high γ-tocopherol level. Conventional peanut oil was relatively stable, but substantially less stable than high-oleic peanut oil. Pork lard and high-oleic peanut oil formed only low levels of polymers due to a low polyenoic acid content.    

scholarly journals The effects of ethanol addition with waste pork lard methyl ester on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panneer John ◽  
Karuppannan Vadivel
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Peak Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Ethanol Addition ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
And Performance

In the recent research, as a result of depletion of world petroleum reserves, considerable attention has been focused on the use of different alternative fuels in diesel engines. The present work aims to ensure the possibility of adding ethanol as an additive with animal fat biodiesel that is tested as an alternative fuel for diesel in a CI engine. In this study, biodiesel is obtained from waste pork lard by base-catalyzed transesterification with methanol when potassium hydroxide as catalyst. 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% by volume of ethanol is blended with neat biodiesel in order to improve performance and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine. The experimental work is carried out in a 3.7 kW, single cylinder, naturally aspirated, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine for different loads and at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. The performance, emission and combustion characteristics of biodiesel-ethanol blends are investigated by comparing them with neat biodiesel and standard diesel. The experimental test results showed that the combustion and performance characteristics improved with the increase in percentage of ethanol addition with biodiesel. When compared to neat biodiesel and standard diesel, an increase in brake thermal efficiency of 5.8% and 4.1% is obtained for BEB7.5 blend at full load of the engine. With the increase in percentage of ethanol fraction in the blends, peak cylinder pressure and the corresponding heat release rate are increased. Biodiesel-ethanol blends exhibit longer ignition delay and shorter combustion duration when compared to neat biodiesel. Optimum reduction in carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and smoke emission are attained while using BEB5 blend at full load of the engine. However, there is an adverse effect in case of nitrogen oxide emission.

scholarly journals Animal fat and vitamin E in rabbit diets: Total tract apparent digestibility, growth performance, carcass and meat quality traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
Antonella Dalle Zotte ◽  
Marco Cullere ◽  
Elizabeth Gleeson ◽  
Maria Elena Cossu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Digestible Protein

The present study tested the effect of a dietary inclusion with vitamin E and pork lard on the apparent digestibility of the nutrients, the growth performance, the carcass traits, the physical meat quality, and the α-tocopherol content. A total of 60 hybrid rabbits were reared in individual cages from weaning (35 days of age) until slaughter (78 days of age). A control diet with no supplements, one diet supplemented with 2% pork lard, and two diets that used the aforementioned diets supplemented with an additional 200 mg/kg α-tocopheryl acetate were designed. The diets were isoprotein and isoenergy. The fat inclusion increased the crude protein (P < 0.05) and ether extract (P < 0.001) total tract apparent digestibility, and the same was observed for the vitamin E inclusion (P < 0.001 for both variables). This improved the dietary digestible protein content (P < 0.05), which increased the digestible protein to digestible energy ratio (P < 0.001). The fat × vitamin E interaction was observed for the total tract apparent digestibility of the ether extract (P < 0.001), the neutral detergent fibre (P < 0.05) and the acid detergent fibre (P < 0.01). The growth traits were unaffected, with the exception of the feed conversion ratio that improved with the vitamin E addition (P < 0.05). Similarly, the carcass traits remained unaffected, with the exception of the perirenal and total fat incidence that increased with the fat supplement (P < 0.05), and the scapular fat that was reduced with the vitamin E inclusion (P < 0.05). The meat L* (lightness), a* (redness), b* (yellowness) colour values and ultimate pH were unaffected by the experimental treatments, even though a fat × vitamin E interaction was observed for the a* and chroma values of the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle (P < 0.05). Both the fat (P < 0.05) and vitamin E (P < 0.001) dietary inclusion increased the meat α-tocopherol content. Based on the results, it was concluded that the 2% dietary inclusion of animal fat did not provide more benefits for the considered parameters than the sole α-tocopheryl acetate incorporation, but contributed to the increase in the vitamin E content in the meats.

scholarly journals PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN GEDI (Abelmoschus manihot L.) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI AORTA TIKUS WISTAR DENGAN DIET ATEROGENIK

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadya Nadiratika Papodi
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Pork Fat

Abstract: High blood cholesterol is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. Gedi plants contain polyphenolic compounds that can lowering blood cholesterol levels. This study aimed to find out the effect of gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L) leaves extract on histopatologic features of aorta of those wistar rats, which had been administered an atherogenic diet. This was an experimental study on animal using 20 Wistar rats as samples. The rats were divided into 4 different groups, 5 rats for each group. Negative control group was fed only pelet, positive control group was fed pork fat as much as 2 ml/day, group C was fed on pork fat and gedi leaf extract, and group D was fed on pork fat then continued with gedi leaf extract. The results indicated that administration of 30 mg gedi leaf extract showed a histopathologic feature which is decreasing of foam cells. Conclusion: Microscopically, aorta of those rats fed on pork lard diet showed a number of foam cells in tunica intima and media whereas the rats that were fed on pork lard along with gedi leaf extract, generally there were no foam cells, but there aresome parts which contain few foam cells. On the group of Wistar rats which were fed on pork lard, continued with gedi leaf extract showed less foam cells compared to the positive control group.Keywords: Gedi leaf extract, pork lard, foam cell.Abstrak: Kadar kolesterol darah yang tinggi merupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya aterosklerosis. Tumbuhan gedi mengandung senyawa polifenol yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun gedi terhadap gambaran histopatologi aorta tikus wistar dengan diet aterogenik. Hewan uji yang digunakan berupa 20 ekor tikus Wistar yang dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Kelompok kontrol negatif hanya diberikan pelet biasa, kelompok kontrol positif diberikan diet lemak babi 2ml/hari, kelompok C diberikan diet lemak babi bersamaan dengan ekstrak daun gedi, dan kelompok D diberikan lemak babi kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian ekstrak daun gedi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun gedi 30 mg mampu memberikan gambaran histopatologi aorta berupa berkurangnya jumlah sel busa. Simpulan: Secara mikroskopik, aorta tikus wistar yang diberi lemak babi menunjukkan adanya penumpukan sel-sel busa pada tunika intima dan media, sedangkan pada aorta tikus wistar yang diberi lemak babi bersamaan dengan ekstrak daun gedi maupun yang dilanjutkan dengan ekstrak daun gedi ditemukan berkurangnya jumlah sel-sel busa.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak daun gedi, Lemak babi, Sel busa.

scholarly journals Production, Perfomance and Emisions of Bio Diesel from Mixture of Animal Waste Fats and Degradation of Bio Diesel over Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2676-2681
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Working Efficiency

As the population increases day by day that makes the use of automobiles globally and hence the use of fuel increases especially diesel. Diesel fuel plays vital role due to immense working efficiency and less fuel consumption which increases the demand of diesel. As the crude oil going to be exhausted in few decades, so many researches are striving to find an alternate and finally found Bio-sources to manufacture Biodiesel whose properties are near to the Diesel fuel. These fuels are prepared from Crude oils. This paper deals with the production, performance and emissions of Biodiesel which is obtained after a chemical reaction called ‘Transesterfication’. It is a mixture of waste animal fats viz., fat from Pig called ‘Pork Lard’ and also fat from chicken called ‘Chicken Tallow’ are tested for different properties of the Biodiesel. The prepared bio diesel was tested in a Variable compression ratio diesel engine with different blend ratio of fuels (Bio diesel and normal diesel) and (bio diesel, diesel and ethanol) at different injection pressures. Also compared the performance of freshly blended biodiesel with degraded biodiesel for 2 years.

The effect of dietary linola oil on CLA and other fatty acids in bovine milk

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
L. Doepel ◽  
G. P. Toronchuk ◽  
J. R. E. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Pork Fat ◽  
Dietary Treatments

To evaluate the effects of fat source on milk fat composition and milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration, cows were fed diets that were high in either C18:2 or C18:0. Twenty-two Holstein cows were blocked by parity and milk production and randomly assigned within block to one of two dietary treatments containing either 3% pork fat (LARD) or 3% linola oil (OIL) on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets were fed for 21 d. Feed intake and milk and milk component yields were unaffected by treatment, whereas milk fat percent was decreased with the linola oil treatment. The cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentration of milk from cows fed linola oil was significantly higher than from cows fed pork lard. Key words: CLA, fatty acids, linola oil, milk

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