Short- and long-term reproducibility of the COMET assay for measuring DNA damage biomarkers in frozen blood samples of the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort

2022 ◽  
pp. 503442
Author(s):  
Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu ◽  
Trasias Mukama ◽  
Verena Katzke ◽  
Franzisca Stipp ◽  
Theron Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Nutritional Preconditioning in Cancer Treatment in Relation to DNA Damage and Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie M.C. van den Boogaard ◽  
Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink ◽  
Jan H.J. Hoeijmakers ◽  
Wilbert P. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Resilience Mechanisms

Dietary restriction (DR) is the most successful nutritional intervention for extending life span and preserving health in numerous species. Reducing food intake triggers a protective response that shifts energy resources from growth to maintenance and resilience mechanisms. This so-called survival response has been shown to particularly increase life and health span and decrease DNA damage in DNA repair–deficient mice exhibiting accelerated aging. Accumulation of DNA damage is the main cause of aging, but also of cancer. Moreover, radiotherapies and most chemotherapies are based on damaging DNA, consistent with their ability to induce toxicity and accelerate aging. Since fasting and DR decrease DNA damage and its effects, nutritional preconditioning holds promise for improving (cancer) therapy and preventing short- and long-term side effects of anticancer treatments. This review provides an overview of the link between aging and cancer, highlights important preclinical studies applying such nutritional preconditioning, and summarizes the first clinical trials implementing nutritional preconditioning in cancer treatment. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cancer Biology, Volume 5 is March 4, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Testicular cancer and sperm DNA damage: short- and long-term effects of antineoplastic treatment

Andrology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Paoli ◽  
M. Gallo ◽  
F. Rizzo ◽  
M. Spanò ◽  
G. Leter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Antineoplastic Treatment

Assessment of Single and Double-Stranded DNA Damage Following Short- and Long-Term Incubation Post-Thawing of Cryopreserved Human Spermatozoa.

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 501-501
Author(s):  
Jaime Gosalvez ◽  
Juan G. Alvarez ◽  
Jose L. Fernandez ◽  
Altea Gosalbez ◽  
Clara Gonzalez-Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Human Spermatozoa ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Short And Long Term

Radiation burns

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Christina Yip ◽  
Nigel Tapiwa Mabvuure ◽  
David Bodansky
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
Damage Cell ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Short And Long Term

Radiation burns are caused by electromagnetic radiation (X-rays or gamma rays) or particle (alpha or beta) ionizing radiation. Ionization produces free radicals which cause DNA damage, cell death and malignant change. Burns may occur as a consequence of radiotherapy or medical imaging using beam energy. Radiation burns are generally rare and most commonly caused by isotopes (192Iridium or 60Cobolt) used for brachytherapy. Industrial accidents such as Fukushima can have catastrophic short and long-term sequelae but are rare. However, due to the constant threat of terror attacks, knowledge of the approach to a patient with radiation burns is important. This chapter discusses wound and general patient assessment as well as immediate treatment measures for a patient with radiation burns.

scholarly journals Effect of cryopreservation on DNA damage and DNA repair activity in human blood samples in the comet assay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu ◽  
Franzisca Stipp ◽  
Johanna Gerber ◽  
Florian Seyfried ◽  
August Heidland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Dna Damage And Repair ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Repair Activity ◽  
Human Blood Samples

AbstractThe comet assay is a commonly used method to determine DNA damage and repair activity in many types of samples. In recent years, the use of the comet assay in human biomonitoring became highly attractive due to its various modified versions, which may be useful to determine individual susceptibility in blood samples. However, in human biomonitoring studies, working with large sample numbers that are acquired over an extended time period requires some additional considerations. One of the most important issues is the storage of samples and its effect on the outcome of the comet assay. Another important question is the suitability of different blood preparations. In this study, we analysed the effect of cryopreservation on DNA damage and repair activity in human blood samples. In addition, we investigated the suitability of different blood preparations. The alkaline and FPG as well as two different types of repair comet assay and an in vitro hydrogen peroxide challenge were applied. Our results confirmed that cryopreserved blood preparations are suitable for investigating DNA damage in the alkaline and FPG comet assay in whole blood, buffy coat and PBMCs. Ex vivo hydrogen peroxide challenge yielded its optimal effect in isolated PBMCs. The utilised repair comet assay with either UVC or hydrogen peroxide-induced lesions and an aphidicolin block worked well in fresh PBMCs. Cryopreserved PBMCs could not be used immediately after thawing. However, a 16-h recovery with or without mitotic stimulation enabled the application of the repair comet assay, albeit only in a surviving cell fraction.

Evaluation of DNA damage using the comet assay in children on long-term benzathine penicillin for secondary prophylaxis of rheumatic fever

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruşen Dündaröz ◽  
Hakan Ulucan ◽  
Metin Denli ◽  
Kasi̇m Karapi̇nar ◽  
Halil İbrahim Aydi̇n ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin

scholarly journals THE INVESTIGATION OF DNA DAMAGE IN LYMPHOCYTES BY COMET ASSAY IN CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS B PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
A. O Mikhailov ◽  
A. F Popov ◽  
N. S Ivanova ◽  
A. I Simakova
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

The investigation of the degree of the lymphocyte DNA damage in chronic viral hepatitis B (HBV) patients is of interest for several reasons. Firstly, it is possible to judge indirectly about the depth of the pathological process at the level of the whole organism, with bearing in mind features of the pathogenic replication of hepatitis B virus. Secondly, it is possible to give an estimation of the degree of genotoxic impact of the virus on blood cells that plays an essential role in the shaping of the immune response of the body. The study was executed on 50 blood samples from HBV patients, divided in 5 groups on the fibrosis grade according to METAVIR score: F0 (n = 10), F1 (N = 10), F2 (N = 10), F3 (n = 10), F4 (n = 10). The control group was consisted of 43 volunteers matched by the age and gender without concomitant diseases. From blood samples taken at the time of the admission to the hospital lymphocytes were isolated by density gradient on Ficoll-urografin. The degree of DNA damage in lymphocytes was determined by virtue of alkaline version of the DNA comet assay. There was noted the direct relationship between an increase in % DNA in the tail of comets and the grade of liver fibrosis. So in the control group, % DNA in the tail accounted for 3.75 ± 1.44. In the F0 group % of DNA in the tail was 5.07 ± 1.25, F1 - 6.79 ± 1.79, F2 - 7.65 ± 1.62, F3 - 8.05 ± 1.18, F4 - 9.84 ± 3.09. It is noteworthy that in groups F2, F3, F4 differences were statistically significant in comparison with the control group. Also there was noted the presence of apoptotic cells in F3, F4 groups: 1 and 0.88%, respectively. Identified changes are both important in the description of to molecular patterns of the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B associated with damage, and also can serve as an indirect indication of the stage of liver fibrosis.

scholarly journals Leucocytic DNA Damage of Racing and Retired Horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Y. T. Szeto
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Comet assay was performed on five racing horses (age, mean ± SD: 4.4 ± 0.5 years old) and five retired horses (10.2 ± 4.1 years old). DNA damage of whole blood samples were tested with or without UV irradiation. Three specimens were taken from each horse and one month apart for each specimen to test for reproducibility. Result showed that racing horses had statistically significant lower baseline and UV induced DNA damage in leucocytes than retired horses. Positive associations were also seen between age and baseline DNA damage or UV induced DNA damage from Spearman correlation analysis.

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