Protective effects of Anthocyanins against Amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro

Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a peptide of 39–43 amino acids found in large amounts and forming deposits in the brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For this reason, it has been implicated in the pathophysiology of damage observed in this type of dementia. However, the role of Aβin the pathophysiology of AD is not yet precisely understood. Aβhas been experimentally shown to have a wide range of toxic mechanismsin vivoandin vitro, such as excitotoxicity, mitochondrial alterations, synaptic dysfunction, altered calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, and so forth. In contrast, Aβhas also shown some interesting neuroprotective and physiological properties under certain experimental conditions, suggesting that both physiological and pathological roles of Aβmay depend on several factors. In this paper, we reviewed both toxic and protective mechanisms of Aβto further explore what their potential roles could be in the pathophysiology of AD. The complete understanding of such apparently opposed effects will also be an important guide for the therapeutic efforts coming in the future.

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Protective Effects of Compounds from Cimicifuga dahurica against Amyloid Beta Production in Vitro and Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Vivo

Journal of Natural Products ◽

10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 223-230

Author(s):

Sang-Bin Lee ◽

Seo Young Yang ◽

Nguyen Phuong Thao ◽

Dae-Gun Seo ◽

Sunggun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amyloid Beta ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Protective Effects

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Tolfenamic Acid Prevents Amyloid β-induced Olfactory Bulb Dysfunction In Vivo

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205015666180223091233 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 731-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

José M. Cornejo-Montes-de-Oca ◽

Rebeca Hernández-Soto ◽

Arturo G. Isla ◽

Carlos E. Morado-Urbina ◽

Fernando Peña-Ortega

Keyword(s):

Olfactory Bulb ◽

Amyloid Beta ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Tolfenamic Acid ◽

Network Activity ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Population Activity ◽

Activity Inhibition

Background: Amyloid beta inhibits olfactory bulb function. The mechanisms involved in this effect must include alterations in network excitability, inflammation and the activation of different transduction pathways. Thus, here we tested whether tolfenamic acid, a drug that modulates several of these pathological processes, could prevent amyloid beta-induced olfactory bulb dysfunction. Objective: To test whether tolfenamic acid prevents amyloid beta-induced alterations in olfactory bulb network function, olfaction and GSK3β activity. Method: The protective effects of tolfenamic acid against amyloid beta-induced population activity inhibition were tested in olfactory bulb slices from adult mice, while tolfenamic acid and amyloid beta were bath-applied. We also tested the effects of amyloid-beta in slices obtained from animals pre-treated chronically (21 days) with tolfenamic acid. The effects of amyloid beta micro-injected into the olfactory bulbs were also tested, after two weeks, on olfactory bulb population activity and olfaction in control and tolfenamic acid chronically treated animals. Olfaction was assessed with the odor-avoidance and the habituation/cross-habituation tests. GSK3β activation was evaluated with Western-blot. Results: Acute bath application of tolfenamic acid does not prevent amyloid beta-induced inhibition of olfactory bulb network activity in vitro. In contrast, chronic treatment with tolfenamic acid renders the olfactory bulb resistant to amyloid beta-induced network activity inhibition in vitro and in vivo, which correlates with the inhibition of GSK3β activation and the protection against amyloid beta-induced olfactory dysfunction. Conclusion: Our data further support the use of tolfenamic acid to prevent amyloid beta-induced pathology and the early symptoms of Alzheimer Disease.

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Protective effects of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate on amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced damage in vitro and in vivo

Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 305 ◽

pp. 169-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Q. Zhang ◽

J. Li ◽

C. Liu ◽

C. Song ◽

P. Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Chondroitin Sulfate ◽

Amyloid Beta ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Protective Effects

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Rapid, Refined, and Robust Method for Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Human Amyloid-beta M1-42

10.26434/chemrxiv.7725002.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Priya Prakash ◽

Travis Lantz ◽

Krupal P. Jethava ◽

Gaurav Chopra

Keyword(s):

Amyloid Beta ◽

Western Blots ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

E Coli ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Set Up ◽

Short Time

Amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients primarily consists of amyloid beta 1-42 (Ab42). Commercially, Ab42 is synthetized using peptide synthesizers. We describe a robust methodology for expression of recombinant human Ab(M1-42) in Rosetta(DE3)pLysS and BL21(DE3)pLysS competent E. coli with refined and rapid analytical purification techniques. The peptide is isolated and purified from the transformed cells using an optimized set-up for reverse-phase HPLC protocol, using commonly available C18 columns, yielding high amounts of peptide (~15-20 mg per 1 L culture) in a short time. The recombinant Ab(M1-42) forms characteristic aggregates similar to synthetic Ab42 aggregates as verified by western blots and atomic force microscopy to warrant future biological use. Our rapid, refined, and robust technique to purify human Ab(M1-42) can be used to synthesize chemical probes for several downstream in vitro and in vivo assays to facilitate AD research.

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Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Content and Hematoprotective Effects of Cleome arabica Polyphenolic Leaf Extract

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2019-0206 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

C. Tigrine ◽

A. Kameli

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Hematological Toxicity ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Ferrous Ions ◽

Polyphenolic Extract ◽

Cleome Arabica

In this study a polyphenolic extract from Cleome arabica leaves (CALE) was investigated for its antioxidant activity in vitro using DPPH•, metal chelating and reducing power methods and for its protective effects against AraC-induced hematological toxicity in vivo using Balb C mice. Results indicated that CALE exhibited a strong and dose-dependent scavenging activity against the DPPH• free radical (IC50 = 4.88 μg/ml) and a high reducing power activity (EC50 = 4.85 μg/ml). Furthermore, it showed a good chelating effects against ferrous ions (IC50 = 377.75 μg/ml). The analysis of blood showed that subcutaneous injection of AraC (50 mg/kg) to mice during three consecutive days caused a significant myelosupression (P < 0.05). The combination of CALE and AraC protected blood cells from a veritable toxicity. Where, the number of the red cells, the amount of hemoglobin and the percentage of the hematocrite were significantly high. On the other hand, AraC cause an elevation of body temperature (39 °C) in mice. However, the temperature of the group treated with CALE and AraC remained normal and did not exceed 37.5 °C. The observed biological effects of CALE, in vitro as well as in vivo, could be due to the high polyphenol and flavonoid contents. In addition, the antioxidant activity of CALE suggested to be responsible for its hematoprotective effect.

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Research on The Effect of Amyloid beta on Mitochondrial Dysfunction In vivo and In vitro*

PROGRESS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1206.2009.00556 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 154-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ling-Ling LIU ◽

Bai-Yang SHENG ◽

Kai GONG ◽

Nan-Ming ZHAO ◽

Xiu-Fang ZHANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽

Amyloid Beta

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Healing effects of curcumin nanoparticles in deep tissue injury mouse model.

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201818666201214125237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Zirui Zhang ◽

Shangcong Han ◽

Panpan Liu ◽

Xu Yang ◽

Jing Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Deep Tissue ◽

Deep Tissue Injury

Background: Chronic inflammation and lack of angiogenesis are the important pathological mechanisms in deep tissue injury (DTI). Curcumin is a well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. However, curcumin is unstable under acidic and alkaline conditions, and can be rapidly metabolized and excreted in the bile, which shortens its bioactivity and efficacy. Objective: This study aimed to prepare curcumin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CPNPs) and to elucidate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of wound healing in DTI models. Methods: CPNPs were evaluated for particle size, biocompatibility, in vitro drug release and their effect on in vivo wound healing. Results : The results of in vivo wound closure analysis revealed that CPNP treatments significantly improved wound contraction rates (p<0.01) at a faster rate than other three treatment groups. H&E staining revealed that CPNP treatments resulted in complete epithelialization and thick granulation tissue formation, whereas control groups resulted in a lack of compact epithelialization and persistence of inflammatory cells within the wound sites. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that treatment with CPNPs suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression, and up-regulated TGF-β, VEGF-A and IL-10 mRNA expression. Western blot analysis showed up-regulated protein expression of TGF-β, VEGF-A and phosphorylatedSTAT3. Conclusion: Our results showed that CPNPs enhanced wound healing in DTI models, through modulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway and subsequent upregulation of pro-healing factors.

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Probiotic and Functional Properties of Limosilactobacillus reuteri INIA P572

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13061860 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1860

Author(s):

Patricia Diez-Echave ◽

Izaskun Martín-Cabrejas ◽

José Garrido-Mesa ◽

Susana Langa ◽

Teresa Vezza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Assays ◽

Immunomodulatory Activity ◽

Probiotic Properties ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mice Model ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Food Borne ◽

Gastrointestinal Conditions

Limosilactobacillus reuteri INIA P572 is a strain able to produce the antimicrobial compound reuterin in dairy products, exhibiting a protective effect against some food-borne pathogens. In this study, we investigated some probiotic properties of this strain such as resistance to gastrointestinal passage or to colonic conditions, reuterin production in a colonic environment, and immunomodulatory activity, using different in vitro and in vivo models. The results showed a high resistance of this strain to gastrointestinal conditions, as well as capacity to grow and produce reuterin in a human colonic model. Although the in vitro assays using the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line did not demonstrate direct immunomodulatory properties, the in vivo assays using a Dextran Sulphate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitic mice model showed clear immunomodulatory and protective effects of this strain.

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