scholarly journals Suspension Technology for Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ) Cutting of Ceramics

Procedia CIRP ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Putz ◽  
M. Dix ◽  
F. Morczinek ◽  
M. Dittrich
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Awj Cutting

Development of ice abrasive waterjet cutting technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (81) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
J. Valentinčič ◽  
A. Lebar ◽  
I. Sabotin ◽  
P. Drešar ◽  
M. Jerman
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Cutting Head ◽  
Ice Particles ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Awj Cutting

Purpose: Abrasive water jet (AWJ) cutting uses mineral abrasive to cut practically all materials. In ice abrasive water jet (IAWJ) cutting, the ice particles are used as abrasive. IAWJ is under development with the aim to bridge the gap in productivity between the abrasive water jet (AWJ) and water jet (WJ) cutting. It is clean and environmentally friendlier in comparison with AWJ, while its cutting efficiency could be better than WJ. Design/methodology/approach: The main challenge is to provide very cold and thus hard ice particles in the cutting zone, thus cooling the water under high pressure is utilized. Further on, two approaches to obtain ice particles in the water are studied, namely generation of ice particles in the cutting head and generation of ice particles outside of the cutting head and adding them to the jet similar as in AWJ technology. In this process it is essential to monitor and control the temperature occurring in the system. Findings: To have ice particles with suitable mechanical properties in the cutting process, the water have to be precooled, ice particles generated outside the cutting head and later added to the jet. The results show that, contrary to the common believe, the water temperature is not significantly changed when passing through the water nozzle. Research limitations/implications: The presence of ice particles was only indirectly identified. In the future, a special high speed camera will be used to study the influence of process parameters on ice particle distribution. Practical implications: IAWJ technology produces much less sludge (waste abrasive and removed workpiece material mixed with water) than AWJ technology which is beneficial in e.g. disintegration of nuclear power plants. IAWJ technology has also great potential in the food and medical industries for applications, where bacteria growth is not desired. Originality/value: The paper presents the latest achievements of IAWJ technology.

Stochastic Modelling of Surface Texture Generated by High-Energy Jets

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Kovacevic ◽  
R Mohan ◽  
Y M Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Stochastic Modelling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Accuracy Ratio ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Profile Characteristics ◽  
Cutting Processes ◽  
Awj Cutting

The surfaces produced by two different jet cutting processes, namely abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting and laser machining, are characterized for a comparative study. The surface profile measurements from experiments are modelled using auto regressive moving average (ARMA) models. The characteristics of the different profiles are identified by analysing these models. To describe the surface adequately, a sufficiently large sized sample is utilized for modelling. A novel method for identifying ARM A models based on the concept of model distance, which is ideal for large size samples, is adopted here. The relative advantages of this method are quantified in terms of the accuracy ratio. The profile characteristics (both dynamic as well as static) reveal more information about the nature of these processes. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the surfaces generated by laser and AW J are analysed to obtain more insight into the physics of these processes.

Characteristic Analysis of Metal Trough Faces Cut by Pre-Mixed Abrasive Waterjet

2011 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 740-744
Author(s):  
Bai Sheng Nie ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Jun Qing Meng ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ru Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Cutting Efficiency ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Topographic Characteristics ◽  
Awj Cutting ◽  
The Relationship

In order to improve the cutting efficiency of abrasive waterjet (AWJ), the relationship between pre-mixed AWJ cutting depth and pressure was experimentally studied. Then, through analysis of the cutting results, the topographic characteristics and formation mechanism of the cut trough faces were investigated. Moreover, through comparing the effects of different jet pressures on the topographic characteristics of AWJ cut trough faces and the SEM analysis of the cut trough faces at different pressures and depths, the effects of pre-mixed AWJ cutting mechanism on the characteristics of cut trough faces were investigated, and the characteristics of the trough faces of metals cut by pre-mixed AWJ were analyzed.

scholarly journals Influence of Steel Structure on Machinability by Abrasive Water Jet

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena M. Hlaváčová ◽  
Marek Sadílek ◽  
Petra Váňová ◽  
Štefan Szumilo ◽  
Martin Tyč
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Surface Roughness Parameters ◽  
Awj Cutting

Although the abrasive waterjet (AWJ) has been widely used for steel cutting for decades and there are hundreds of research papers or even books dealing with this technology, relatively little is known about the relation between the steel microstructure and the AWJ cutting efficiency. The steel microstructure can be significantly affected by heat treatment. Three different steel grades, carbon steel C45, micro-alloyed steel 37MnSi5 and low-alloy steel 30CrV9, were subjected to four different types of heat treatment: normalization annealing, soft annealing, quenching and quenching followed by tempering. Then, they were cut by an abrasive water jet, while identical cutting parameters were applied. The relations between the mechanical characteristics of heat-treated steels and the surface roughness parameters Ra, Rz and RSm were studied. A comparison of changes in the surface roughness parameters and Young modulus variation led to the conclusion that the modulus was not significantly responsible for the surface roughness. The changes of RSm did not prove any correlation to either the mechanical characteristics or the visible microstructure dimensions. The homogeneity of the steel microstructure appeared to be the most important factor for the cutting quality; the higher the difference in the hardness of the structural components in the inhomogeneous microstructure was, the higher were the roughness values. A more complex measurement and critical evaluation of the declination angle measurement compared to the surface roughness measurement are planned in future research.

scholarly journals Enhancing the AWJ Cutting Performance by Multipass Machining with Controlled Nozzle Oscillation

2005 ◽  
Vol 291-292 ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
S. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Cutting Performance ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Application Domain ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Geometrical Features ◽  
Cutting Capacity ◽  
Awj Cutting

The cutting performance in abrasive waterjet (AWJ) multipass cutting with and without controlled nozzle oscillation is presented based on an experimental investigation cutting an 87% alumina ceramic. The cutting capacity in terms of the depth of cut and the kerf geometrical features is analyzed with respect to the process variables. It is found that multipass cutting is a viable means to increase the cutting performance and application domain of this technology, while a further increase in the cutting performance can be made by using a controlled nozzle oscillation technique.

scholarly journals Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ) Forces—Indicator of Cutting System Malfunction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1683
Author(s):  
Libor M. Hlaváč ◽  
Damian Bańkowski ◽  
Daniel Krajcarz ◽  
Adam Štefek ◽  
Martin Tyč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Force Ratio ◽  
Deformation Force ◽  
Awj Cutting

Measurements enabling the online monitoring of the abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting process are still under development. This paper presents an experimental method which can be applicable for the evaluation of the AWJ cutting quality through the measurement of forces during the cutting process. The force measuring device developed and patented by our team has been used for measurement on several metal materials. The results show the dependence of the cutting to deformation force ratio on the relative traverse speed. Thus, the force data may help with a better understanding the interaction between the abrasive jet and the material, simultaneously impacting the improvement of both the theoretical and empirical models. The advanced models could substantially improve the selection of suitable parameters for AWJ cutting, milling or turning with the desired quality of product at the end of the process. Nevertheless, it is also presented that force measurements may detect some undesired effects, e.g., not fully penetrated material and/or some product distortions. In the case of a proper designing of the measuring device, the force measurement can be applied in the online monitoring of the cutting process and its continuous control.

scholarly journals Basic abrasive waterjet cutting process parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 654-657
Author(s):  
Sławomir Spadło ◽  
Daniel Krajcarz
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Waterjet Cutting ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet Cutting ◽  
Water Jet Cutting ◽  
Awj Cutting

The article presents the basic parameters characterizing the abrasive water jet cutting, such as: water pressure (pw), cutting speed (vf), abrasive mass flow rate (ma) and the distance between forming nozzle and the cut material (l). Each of the mentioned parameters of the cutting process has been described in a separate subsection. The authors of the article focused primarily on the aspects related to the possibility of achieving maximum efficiency of the machining process while maintaining the assumed quality of cutting for individual cutting parameters. A detailed analysis of the topic was enabled the authors own research and an available literature on this subject. A closer understanding of the phenomena accompanying the abrasive waterjet cutting (AWJ) process and obtaining characteristics that would describe the influence of the tested output parameters in the function of input parameters will enable optimization of AWJ cutting process.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF FEED RATE ON QUALITY OF CUTS PERFORMED BY AWJ

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CRINA RADU ◽  
EUGEN HERGHELEGIU ◽  
CAROL SCHNAKOVSZKY ◽  
CATALIN TAMPU
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Tube Size ◽  
Awj Cutting ◽  
Orifice Size

Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting technology is one of the most recent developed non-traditional processes used in industry for the processing of difficult-to-cut materials which usually lead to a pronounced wear of conventional tools and generation of damaged surfaces. The efficiency and the quality of AWJ depend on many parameters, some of them precisely controllable (e.g. water jet pressure, feed rate) while others uncontrollable (e.g. focusing tube size, waterjet orifice size). The aim of current study was to analyze the influence of feed rate at low working pressures on the quality of cuts, quantified by the parameters specified in the ISO/WD/TC44 N 1770 standard.

Modeling of Temperature Distributions in the Workpiece During Abrasive Waterjet Machining

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ohadi ◽  
K. L. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Awj Cutting

Modeling of temperature distributions in a block-type workpiece during cutting with an abrasive waterjet (AWJ) was the subject of an analytical/experimental investigation in the present study. The experiments included measurement of detailed time-temperature distributions in the workpiece for selected AWJ/workpiece operational parameters. Mathematical modeling of the problem made use of a two-part process. In the first part, the measured experimental data were fed into an inverse heat conduction algorithm, which determined the corresponding heat flux in the workpiece. In the second part, this heat flux was fed into a two-dimensional transient heat conduction model that calculated the corresponding temperature distributions in the workpiece. It is demonstrated that the proposed model can serve as a useful thermal analysis tool for AWJ cutting processes so long as a quasi-steady-state condition can be established in the workpiece.

scholarly journals Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ) Forces—Potential Indicators of Machining Quality

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3309
Author(s):  
Libor M. Hlaváč ◽  
Massimiliano P. G. Annoni ◽  
Irena M. Hlaváčová ◽  
Francesco Arleo ◽  
Francesco Viganò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Cutting Head ◽  
Wear Ratio ◽  
Tilting Angle ◽  
Declination Angle ◽  
Awj Cutting

The necessity of monitoring the abrasive waterjet (AWJ) processes increases with the spreading of this tool into the machining processes. The forces produced on the workpiece during the abrasive waterjet machining can yield some valuable information. Therefore, a special waterjet-force measuring device designed and produced in the past has been used for the presented research. It was tested during the AWJ cutting processes, because they are the most common and the best described up-to-date AWJ applications. Deep studies of both the cutting process and the respective force signals led to the decision that the most appropriate indication factor is the tangential-to-normal force ratio (TNR). Three theorems concerning the TNR were formulated and investigated. The first theorem states that the TNR strongly depends on the actual-to-limit traverse speed ratio. The second theorem claims that the TNR relates to the cutting-to-deformation wear ratio inside the kerf. The third theorem states that the TNR value changes when the cutting head and the respective jet axis are tilted so that a part of the jet velocity vector projects into the traverse speed direction. It is assumed that the cutting-to-deformation wear ratio increases in a certain range of tilting angles of the cutting head. This theorem is supported by measured data and can be utilized in practice for the development of a new method for the monitoring of the abrasive waterjet cutting operations. Comparing the tilted and the non-tilted jet, we detected the increase of the TNR average value from 1.28 ± 0.16 (determined for the declination angle 20° and the respective tilting angle 10°) up to 2.02 ± 0.25 (for the declination angle 30° and the respective tilting angle of 15°). This finding supports the previously predicted and published assumptions that the tilting of the cutting head enables an increase of the cutting wear mode inside the forming kerf, making the process more efficient.

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