Intrinsic modifiable risk factors in ballet dancers: Applying evidence based practice principles to enhance clinical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S. Campbell ◽  
Michael E. Lehr ◽  
Andrew Livingston ◽  
Meghan McCurdy ◽  
J. Kristopher Ware
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Ballet Dancers

Abstract 127: Cardiovascular Risk and Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes: Using Medical Education to Improve Care

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Larkin ◽  
Colleen Healy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: Mortality rates due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) are 2-4 times higher among people with diabetes than in those without. Glucose control reduces the risk of any CVD event by 42% and the risk of heart attack, stroke, or death from CVD by 57%. We assessed the hypothesis that continuing medical education (CME) improves knowledge and performance of cardiologists in managing glycemic control and other CV risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Cardiologists who treat patients with coronary artery disease participated in at least 1 of 2 online CME activities within a curriculum on CV risks and outcomes in patients with T2D. Participant responses to a case-based survey after activity completion were compared with responses from demographically similar control groups of nonparticipants. Educational effect size was calculated using Cohen’s d formula, with a value of <0.4 representing a small effect, 0.4-0.8 a medium effect, and >0.8 a large effect. Results: Participating cardiologists (n = 151) were more likely to make evidence-based practice choices than were nonparticipating cardiologists. Activity 1: Improving CV Outcomes in Patients with T2D Multi-media format Increased Likelihood to Make Evidence-Based Practice Choices Post-Education: 33.5% Effect Size: 0.51 (N = 78) Activity 1: Assessing CV Risk in Patients with T2D Multi-media format Increased Likelihood to Make Evidence-Based Practice Choices Post-Education: 50.3% Effect Size: 0.87 (N = 73) Domain 1: Managing Glycemic Control and Other CV Risk Factors in Patients with CVD and T2D. Participating cardiologists significantly improved their consideration of comorbid conditions when deciding on a glucose management strategy (73% pre vs. 85% post) and selection of treatment for early intervention (85% pre vs. 96% post). Domain 2: Identification of Outcomes Data on Glucose-Lowering Agents in Patients with T2D and CVD. Participating cardiologists significantly improved in the recognition of antihyperglycemic agents shown in clinical trials to be safe for high risk CV patients (36% pre vs. 79% post) and in identification of the effect of saxagliptin on CV events in high risk CV patients with T2D (SAVOR TIMI 53 trial) (55% pre vs. 86% post). Domain 3: Application of Outcomes Data on Glucose-Lowering Agents in Patients with T2D and CVD. Participating cardiologists significantly improved in their selection of a DPP-4 inhibitor as the most appropriate antihyperglycemic agent for patients with T2D and CV risk factors or previous CV events (59% pre vs. 81% post and 53% pre vs. 73% post, respectively). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the success of a curriculum-style educational intervention using multimedia technology on improving knowledge and performance of cardiologists which can lead to enhanced management of CV risks and, thus, improved outcomes in patients with T2D and CVD.

The Importance of a Healthy Lifestyle in the Era of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina S. Petersen ◽  
Andrew M. Freeman ◽  
Penny M. Kris-Etherton ◽  
Kim Allan Williams Sr. ◽  
Koushik R. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Short Time

Existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its modifiable risk factors are associated with increased mortality from coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical attention has focused on acute interventions for COVID-19, but reducing upstream risks associated with poor outcomes must occur in parallel. This is particularly urgent because risk factors for COVID-19 death are prevalent, and the pandemic has negatively impacted lifestyle and socioeconomic factors that augment these risks. Evidence-based lifestyle interventions have a generally short time-to-benefit, and lower risk of CVD and improve markers of immune function. Wider promotion of healthy lifestyle practices will improve the CVD health of the population and could favorably impact COVID-19 outcomes. Research examining how lifestyle modification affects COVID-19 susceptibility and severity is urgently needed.

Active cancer prevention

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Colditz ◽  
Courtney Beers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
First Century ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Legislative Support ◽  
Behaviour Changes ◽  
Active Cancer

Chapter 2 describes the key potentially modifiable risk factors that are responsible for more than half of the seven million deaths from cancer worldwide. Using evidence-based strategies to impact individual and population behaviour changes, public health efforts driven by sound knowledge, legislative support/backing, and social commitment have the potential to rapidly reduce the cancer incidence and mortality in the twenty-first century. Our aging population and the burden of cancer that comes due to aging demands we act now to achieve this global benefit.

Assessment and therapeutic strategy for agitation, confusion, and delirium in the ICU

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele C. Balas ◽  
E. Wesley Ely
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Delirium Assessment ◽  
Effective Assessment

Agitation and delirium are conditions that are highly prevalent in the intensive care unit (ICU). Both are believed to be caused by a number of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, and present with a variety of signs and symptoms. Consequently, these conditions are notoriously difficult to detect and treat. Variations in sedative practices, misperceptions regarding delirium and its association with outcomes, and lack of knowledge regarding screening tools, may all impede effective assessment, and management of agitation and delirium. A further complication is that many of the medications used to treat critically-ill patients are now known to increase the risk of delirium. While studies conducted over the last decade have significantly contributed to our understanding of how best to diagnose, prevent, and manage these common conditions, this knowledge is not always successfully adopted into everyday clinical practice. This chapter provides readers with an evidence-based review of agitation and delirium assessment and therapeutic strategies applicable for use in the ICU setting.

Gender differences in cardiovascular disease prevention

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Lack Of Exercise

Risk factors are generally shared between men and women with the major differences being hormonal. Nine modifiable risk factors account for over 90% of the risk of a coronary event in men and women – smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, abdominal obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol excess, reduced intake of fruit and vegetables, and psychosocial issues. Approximately half the decline in deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD), between 1980 and 2000, can be attributed to a reduction in the major risk factors and the other half to the use of evidence-based management. As educational efforts to increase awareness of cardiovascular disease (not cancer) to be the leading cause of death and disability in women are also associated with preventative action, it is important that health-care professionals educate themselves about CHD in women and communicate with women themselves, so that women can come forward for advice and evaluation.

scholarly journals Dementia: Risk Factors and Updated Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Nepal ◽  
B Jeffrey ◽  
M Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Global Health Problem

 With the tremendous rise in the aging population around the world, the prevalence of Major Neurocognitive Disorders is skyrocketing. In the same manner, the burden of the morbidity and mortality associated with the such disorders has been a global health problem. Most of the time, the cause of Major Neurocognitive Disorder is unknown. Our review article is an attempt to summarize the likely modifiable risk factors associated with the disorder. In this manner there could be insight into further confirmatory and exploratory evidence based studies of these factors for early intervention to prevent and delay the progression of full blown disease. Among the modifiable risk factors, the ones that have been discussed here are smoking, activity both physical and cognitive, cardiovascular risk factors, depression, traumatic brain injury and sleep.J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol. 6, No. 2, 2017, Page: 3-7

scholarly journals Implementation of an evidence-based practice to decrease surgical site infection after coronary artery bypass grafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3491-3501
Author(s):  
Hanadi Al Salmi ◽  
Ahmed Elmahrouk ◽  
Amr A Arafat ◽  
Azzahra Edrees ◽  
Mashael Alshehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Structured Problem Solving

Objective Surgical site infection (SSI) is a serious complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study was performed to evaluate evidence-based practice and structured problem-solving to reduce SSI after CABG. Methods An infection control strategy including supervised chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) showers was implemented from January 2017 to March 2018 for 119 patients undergoing CABG. The controls comprised 244 patients who underwent CABG from 2014 to 2016. Risk factors for SSI were identified, and a problem-focused strategy was used to control SSI. Propensity score matching was used to study the effect of CHG showers on SSI. Results SSI occurred in 25 patients (10.25%) in the control group, and the significant risk factors were the postoperative blood glucose level, transfer from an outside hospital, emergency operation, redo sternotomy, a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and the duration of surgery. After implementation of the program, the SSI rate significantly decreased to 3.36%. Patients who had undergone preoperative CHG showers had a significantly lower SSI rate (1.69%) than the matched controls (13.56%). Conclusion SSI after CABG can be reduced using evidence-based practice and structured problem-solving to identify risk factors. A preoperative CHG shower is associated with a lower SSI rate after CABG.

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