Influence of moisture content, temperature and heating rate on germination rate of watermelon seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 109528
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Guan ◽  
Hosahalli Ramaswamy ◽  
Beihua Zhang ◽  
Biying Lin ◽  
Lixia Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Germination Rate

scholarly journals Factors affecting the temperature increasing rate in arc-shaped bamboo pieces during high-frequency heating

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2656-2667
Author(s):  
Feihu Chang ◽  
Yanhe Liu ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Wansi Fu ◽  
Pengfei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Chord Length ◽  
High Frequency Electric Field ◽  
Frequency Electric Field ◽  
Frequency Heating

In the process of applying the high-frequency heating technology to bamboo heat treatment, controlling the material temperature has a great influence on the quality of bamboo forming. Therefore, research on the heat transfer mechanism of high-frequency heating of arc-shaped bamboo pieces is of great importance. In this paper, the influence of different moisture content, chord length, and plate voltage on the heating rate of arc-shaped bamboo pieces under high-frequency electric field were studied. The moisture content of bamboo had the most remarkable effect on the heating rate. With increased moisture content, the temperature rose faster. The selection of the plate voltage had an obvious influence on the heating. If the voltage was low, the heating rate was too slow, the heating time was long, or the voltage was high, it was easy to cause electric field breakdown and damage the bamboo pieces. As the chord length decreased, the heating rate gradually increased. When the radian of the arc-shaped bamboo pieces could be ignored, the heating rate was the fastest. The results showed that under certain conditions, the arc-shaped bamboo pieces showed a good heat treatment effect in a high-frequency electric field.

scholarly journals Acacia Holosericea: An Invasive Species for Bio-char, Bio-oil, and Biogas Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sumon Reza ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmed ◽  
Wahyu Caesarendra ◽  
Muhammad S. Abu Bakar ◽  
Shahriar Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Acacia Holosericea

To evaluate the possibilities for biofuel and bioenergy production Acacia Holosericea, which is an invasive plant available in Brunei Darussalam, was investigated. Proximate analysis of Acacia Holosericea shows that the moisture content, volatile matters, fixed carbon, and ash contents were 9.56%, 65.12%, 21.21%, and 3.91%, respectively. Ultimate analysis shows carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen as 44.03%, 5.67%, and 0.25%, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results have shown that maximum weight loss occurred for this biomass at 357 °C for pyrolysis and 287 °C for combustion conditions. Low moisture content (<10%), high hydrogen content, and higher heating value (about 18.13 MJ/kg) makes this species a potential biomass. The production of bio-char, bio-oil, and biogas from Acacia Holosericea was found 34.45%, 32.56%, 33.09% for 500 °C with a heating rate 5 °C/min and 25.81%, 37.61%, 36.58% with a heating rate 10 °C/min, respectively, in this research. From Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy it was shown that a strong C–H, C–O, and C=C bond exists in the bio-char of the sample.

scholarly journals Effect of Dehydration on the Rheological Measurement of Surimi Paste in Cone-Plate Rheometry: Heat and Mass Transfer Simulation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Hyeon Woo Park ◽  
Jae Won Park ◽  
Won Byong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Heat Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Rheological Measurement ◽  
Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Mass And Heat Transfer

Moisture transfer characteristics of Alaska pollock (AP) surimi were investigated at various temperatures. The effective moisture diffusivity increased from 5.50 × 10−11 to 2.07 × 10−9 m2/s as the temperature increased from 30 °C to 90 °C. In order to investigate the mass and heat transfer characteristics of AP surimi, the simulation model was developed and evaluated by root-mean-square error (RMSE) (<2.95%). Rheological properties of AP surimi were investigated at different heating rates (1 °C/min, 5 °C/min, 10 °C/min, 20 °C/min and 30 °C/min). As heating rate increased to 20 °C/min and 30 °C/min, elastic modulus (G’) significantly diminished. The diminished G’ could be explained by impaired gel during temperature sweep supported by the predicted temperature distribution in the simulation model. Changes in moisture content of AP surimi during temperature sweep were also measured and predicted by the simulation model. The results showed the decreased amount of moisture content significantly increased as heating rate increased.

Preservation of dormancy in freshly harvested wheat grain

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Mares
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Freeze Storage ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Freezing Treatment ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Freshly harvested grain from 14 varieties of wheat was stored in a deep-freezer at 15�C, or alternatively, in an air-conditioned seed room at 12�C for periods of up to 9 months. Freeze-storage preserved the germination rate of hand-threshed grain at the level observed at harvest, provided that the moisture content of the grain had reached 12%. When frozen grain was transferred to 12�C storage, its germination rate improved with time in parallel with changes observed in freshly harvested seed stored at 12�C from the time of harvest, i.e. after-ripening was not adversely affected by the freezing treatment. This technique should enable greater quantities of material to be screened for low germinability at harvest ripeness and for tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting damage. It also allows the provision of a continuous supply of uniform material for investigations of dormancy and grain after-ripening.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu seeds kept in contact with phosphatic fertilizers

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Ribeiro Peres ◽  
Gisele Herbst Vazquez ◽  
Renata Danielle Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Phosphatic Fertilizer ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Phosphatic Fertilizers

The effect of mixture of seeds of Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Marandu, with different sources, granulometry, and phosphatic fertilizer doses during various periods of exposure on the physiological potential of the seeds has been assessed. The treatments consisted in seed exposure during periods of 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h to the following fertilizers: ground granulated single superphosphate (SS), and powdered (SSp); and ground granulated ammonium monophosphate (AMP), at doses of 40 and 80 kg P2O5 ha-1. Tests of germination, tetrazolium, moisture content, and vigor (first count, electrical conductivity, emergence, emergence speed, and fresh mass of seedlings) were performed. It has been concluded that seed physiological potential of B. brizantha cv. Marandu is reduced with increase on the exposure period to phosphatic fertilizer. Such effect, however, is dependent on the product source, granulometry, and dose. SSp was the most harmful to seeds, followed by SSp and AMP, respectively. Moreover, considering a 60% germination rate as acceptable, it may be inferred that seeds can be kept in contact with AMP and SSp, in dose of 80 kg of P2O5 ha-1, respectively, for periods of 71.2 and 16.2 hours.

scholarly journals Desiccation, dormancy, and storage of Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Juglandaceae) seeds: application in Hyrcanian and Colchian forest conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Krzysztof Wawrzyniak ◽  
Anna Katarzyna Jasińska ◽  
Paweł Chmielarz ◽  
Gregor Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Moisture Content

Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poir.) Spach (Juglandaceae) is a model relict tree species native to South Caucasus and is a typical element of threatened riparian forests. Intensive land transformations, which are common in Transcaucasia, have resulted in loss of natural habitat and population decline of the species. One of the methods of ex situ conservation is seed banking. Cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C) is of particular interest, as it allows safe preservation of valuable plant genetic resources. However, the feasibility of seed cryopreservation is related to the desiccation tolerance and intrinsic composition of the seeds. In this study, we examined the physiological traits of Pterocarya fraxinifolia seeds, for which desiccation tolerance is unknown or controversial, and their feasibility for cryopreservation. Additionally, we tested stratification methods for dormancy assessment. Results showed that seeds survived desiccation to a moisture content of 2.8% with a germination rate of 64%. Stratification at a temperature of 3 °C for 8 weeks proved to be both fast and effective. Seed moisture content ranging from 2.8% to 18.1% was determined to be safe for cryopreservation. There was no difference in seedling emergence in seeds stored for 1 year regardless of the storage temperature (−3, −18, or −196 °C). Based on our results, Pterocarya fraxinifolia seeds can be classified as orthodox. This study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of cryopreserving Pterocarya fraxinifolia seeds.

Germination characteristics of seven Stylosanthes species

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG McIvor
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
Germination Characteristics

The germination response of dehulled, scarified seeds to a range of constant and alternating temperatures, and to moisture stress was measured in seven Stylosanthes species. Rates of water uptake and loss were also measured. With constant temperatures, both total germination and germination rate were greatest at 25�C for all species except for S. hamata which germinated faster at 30�C. Both higher and lower temperatures slowed and depressed germination. Constant and alternating temperatures produced similar results except at high temperatures where germination was less with the alternating regime. Moisture stress greatly reduced germination of S. guyanensis cv. Cook, S. scabra and S. viscosa but had little effect on S. fruticosa, S. guyanensis CPI 40294 and S. subsericea. Initial rate of water uptake was greatest for S. hamata and S. subsericea but moisture content was similar for all species by 18 hours. There were no differences between species in rate of water loss from imbibed seeds.

The Influence of Lighting on the Speed of Germination and the Chemical Composition of Germinated Grains of Soybean and Lupine

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Sergey Vendin ◽  
◽  
Yuri Sayenko ◽  
Mikhail Shirokov ◽  
Vladimir Strakhov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Long Term Storage

Effective industrial rearing of pigs is impossible without providing them with full-value vitamin-enriched feed. The lack of vitamins in feed negatively affects the productivity of animals. One of the simple and affordable ways to increase the vitamin value of feed can be the addition of sprouted grain to the diet of animals. According to many scientists, when germinating in grain, the content of macro and microelements, vitamins increases. When using sprouted grains, the eatability of feed increases and the absorption of nutrients increases, because in the process of grain germination, enzymes are activated that convert complex nutrients into simple compounds that are easily assimilated in the body of young animals. The efficiency of germination and the quality of germinated grain depends on the conditions of germination and lighting conditions during the growing period. In addition, during long-term storage (more than 4-5 hours) of sprouted grain with a moisture content of more than 60 percent, it begins to mold and rot. Therefore, it must be fed in the first hours after germination. To extend the shelf life of germinated grain, it must be dried to the required moisture content. (Purpose of research) To study the effect of the duration of illumination on the germination rate and the chemical composition of germinated grain of soybeans and lupine. (Materials and methods) We studied the germination technology and, based on the data obtained, adopted our own germination method. An installation was made for determining the time of illumination of grain during germination. Chemical analysis of the composition of soybean and lupine grains was carried out before and after germination, as well as after drying. (Results and discussion) We compared the results of studies on the effect of lighting time on sprout length when germinating grain on vitamin feed. Determined the values of the rate of obtaining shoots, specific energy intensity of lighting. Studied the chemical composition of the original grain of soybeans and lupine, germinated and dried - separately and in stages. (Conclusions) When germinating soybean seeds, the average growth rate for 5 days was 3.34 millimeters per day, and for lupine seeds - 8.4 millimeters per day. In the samples of sprouted dried soybeans, an increase in crude protein in dry matter by 4.23 percent, crude fiber - by 2.07 percent, sugar content - by 0.48 percent was revealed. They showed that the amount of crude protein and crude fiber increased by 2.3 and 2.38 percent, respectively. It was noted that the content of calcium, phosphorus and sodium in the samples of soybeans and lupine increased slightly - less than 0.2 percent.

Seed development in the recalcitrant species Quercus robur L.: germinability and desiccation tolerance

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Finch-Savage
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Expansion Phase ◽  
Moist Sand ◽  
Desiccation Sensitivity ◽  
Substrate Tolerance ◽  
Pass Through

AbstractChanges in germination and desiccation sensitivity were measured throughout the seed expansion phase of development in fruits of Quercus robur L. The onset of a reduction in sensitivity to desiccation during development on the tree coincided with acquisition of the capacity for seed germination on moist sand substrate. Tolerance of desiccation then increased throughout development to shedding, but viability was still lost at a relatively high moisture content, and seeds did not therefore pass through a fully desiccation-tolerant phase. These data suggest that desiccation sensitivity in Q. robur may have resulted from the premature termination of development.No desiccation was required to initiate germination in prematurely harvested fruits orseeds. Germination rate of seeds on moist sand increased at successive harvests during development, and was also increased by presoaking seeds in water. Variation in germination rate following shedding was not related to seed size or moisture content, but was affected by shedding date. This effect was not observed when the pericarp was removed.

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