Impact of Age, Education level and Occupation on the ability to use the ICIQ-bladder diary: results from a community cohort study using a predefined clinical history

Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pe Leve ◽  
R. Pereira e Silva ◽  
F.A. Lopes ◽  
J. Felício ◽  
A. Esteves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Bladder Diary

scholarly journals Implications of parental lifestyle changes and education level on adolescent offspring weight: a population based cohort study - The HUNT Study, Norway

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e023406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit Naess ◽  
Erik R Sund ◽  
Turid Lingaas Holmen ◽  
Kirsti Kvaløy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveObesity tends to cluster in families reflecting both common genetics and shared lifestyle patterns within the family environment. The aim of this study was to examine whether parental lifestyle changes over time, exemplified by changes in weight and physical activity, could affect offspring weight in adolescents and if parental education level influenced the relationship.Design, setting and participantsThe population-based cohort study included 4424 parent-offspring participants from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, Norway. Exposition was parental change in weight and physical activity over 11 years, and outcome was offspring weight measured in z-scores of body mass index (BMI) in mixed linear models.ResultsMaternal weight reduction by 2–6 kg was significantly associated with lower offspring BMI z-scores: −0.132 (95% CI −0.259 to −0.004) in the model adjusted for education. Parental weight change displayed similar effect patterns on offspring weight regardless of parents’ education level. Further, BMI was consistently lower in families of high education compared with low education in the fully adjusted models. In mothers, reduced physical activity level over time was associated with higher BMI z-scores in offspring: 0.159 (95% CI 0.030 to 0.288). Associations between physical activity change and adolescent BMI was not moderated by parental education levels.ConclusionLifestyle changes in mothers were associated with offspring BMI; reduced weight with lower—and reduced physical activity with higher BMI. Father’s lifestyle changes, however, did not significantly affect adolescent offspring’s weight. Overall, patterns of association between parental changes and offspring’s BMI were independent of parental education levels, though adolescents with parents with high education had lower weight in general.

scholarly journals Organ damage in sickle cell disease study (ORDISS): protocol for a longitudinal cohort study based in Ghana

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofi A Anie ◽  
Vivian Paintsil ◽  
Ellis Owusu-Dabo ◽  
Daniel Ansong ◽  
Alex Osei-Akoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Disease Study

IntroductionSickle cell disease is highly prevalent in Africa with a significant public health burden. Nonetheless, morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease that result from the progression of organ damage is not well understood. The Organ Damage in Sickle Cell Disease Study (ORDISS) is designed as a longitudinal cohort study to provide critical insight into cellular and molecular pathogenesis of chronic organ damage for the development of future innovative treatment.Methods and analysisORDISS aims to recruit children aged 0–15 years who attend the Kumasi Centre for Sickle Cell Disease based at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Consent is obtained to collect blood and urine samples from the children during specified clinic visits and hospitalisations for acute events, to identify candidate and genetic markers of specific organ dysfunction and end-organ damage, over a 3 year period. In addition, data concerning clinical history and complications associated with sickle cell disease are collected. Samples are stored in biorepositories and analysed at the Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Ghana and the Centre for Translational and International Haematology, University of Pittsburgh, USA. Appropriate statistical analyses will be performed on the data acquired.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethics approval was obtained at all participating sites. Results of the study will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, and the key findings presented at national and international conferences.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Loss to Follow-up in 3202 Patients at 2 Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Implications for Identifying Health Disparities in the MOON Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 3173-3180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem N. Ramkumar ◽  
Muhammad B. Tariq ◽  
Annunziato Amendola ◽  
Jack T. Andrish ◽  
Robert H. Brophy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Understanding the risk factors for loss to follow-up in prospective clinical studies may allow for a targeted approach to minimizing follow-up bias and improving the generalizability of conclusions in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and other sports-related interventions. Purpose: To identify independent risk factors associated with failure to complete (ie, loss to follow-up) patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at 2 years after ACLR within a well-funded prospective longitudinal cohort. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: All patients undergoing primary or revision ACLR enrolled in the prospectively collected database of the multicenter consortium between 2002 and 2008 were included. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine which baseline risk factors were significantly associated with loss to follow-up at a minimum of 2 years after surgery. Predictors assessed for loss to follow-up were as follows: consortium site, sex, race, marital status, smoking status, phone number provided (home or cell), email address provided (primary or secondary), years of school completed, average hours worked per week, working status (full-time, part-time, homemaker, retired, student, or disabled), number of people living at home, and preoperative PROMs (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Marx Activity Rating Scale, and International Knee Documentation Committee). Results: A total of 3202 patients who underwent ACLR were enrolled. The 2-year PROM follow-up rate for this cohort was 88% (2821 of 3202). Multivariate analyses showed that patient sex (male: odds ratio [OR], 1.80) and race (black: OR, 3.64; other nonwhite: OR, 1.81) were independent predictors of 2-year loss to follow-up of PROMs. Education level was a nonconfounder. Conclusion: While education level did not predict loss to follow-up, patients who are male and nonwhite are at increased risk of loss to follow-up of PROM at 2 years. Capturing patient outcomes with minimal loss depends on equitable, not equal, opportunity to maximize generalizability and mitigate potential population-level health disparities. Registration: NCT00478894 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

Parental education and frequency of food consumption in European children: the IDEFICS study

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Miguel Fernández-Alvira ◽  
Theodora Mouratidou ◽  
Karin Bammann ◽  
Antje Hebestreit ◽  
Gianvincenzo Barba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Education Level

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the relationship between parental education level and the consumption frequency of obesity-related foods in European children.DesignThe analysis was based on data from the cross-sectional baseline survey of a prospective cohort study. The effects of parental education on food consumption were explored using analysis of covariance and logistic regression.SettingPrimary schools and pre-schools of selected regions in Italy, Estonia, Cyprus, Belgium, Sweden, Hungary, Germany and Spain.SubjectsParticipants (n 14 426) of the IDEFICS baseline cohort study aged 2 to 9 years.ResultsParental education level affected the intake of obesity-related foods in children. Children in the low and medium parental education level groups had lower odds of more frequently eating low-sugar and low-fat foods (vegetables, fruits, pasta/noodles/rice and wholemeal bread) and higher odds of more frequently eating high-sugar and high-fat foods (fried potatoes, fruits with sugar and nuts, snacks/desserts and sugared beverages; P < 0·001). The largest odds ratio differences were found in the low category (reference category: high) for vegetables (OR = 0·56; 95 % CI 0·47, 0·65), fruits (OR = 0·56; 95 % CI 0·48, 0·65), fruits with sugar and nuts (OR = 2·23; 95 % CI 1·92, 2·59) and sugared beverages (OR = 2·01; 95 % CI 1·77, 2·37).ConclusionsLow parental education level was associated with intakes of sugar-rich and fatty foods among children, while high parental education level was associated with intakes of low-sugar and low-fat foods. These findings should be taken into account in public health interventions, with more targeted policies aiming at an improvement of children's diet.

scholarly journals COVIDTrach: a prospective cohort study of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 undergoing tracheostomy in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000077
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated Patients ◽  
Pressure Setting ◽  
Uk National Health Service ◽  
Ventilated Patients

ObjectivesCOVIDTrach is a UK multicentre prospective cohort study project that aims to evaluate the outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation and record the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers involved in the procedure.DesignData on patient demographic, clinical history and outcomes were entered prospectively and updated over time via an online database (REDCap). Clinical variables were compared with outcomes, with logistic regression used to develop a model for mortality. Participants recorded whether any operators tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 2 weeks of the procedure.SettingUK National Health Service departments involved in treating patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation.ParticipantsThe cohort comprised 1605 tracheostomy cases from 126 UK hospitals collected between 6 April and 26 August 2020.Main outcome measuresMortality following tracheostomy, successful wean from mechanical ventilation and length of time from tracheostomy to wean, discharge from hospital, complications from tracheostomy, reported SARS-CoV-2 infection among operators.ResultsThe median time from intubation to tracheostomy was 15 days (IQR 11, 21). 285 (18%) patients died following the procedure. 1229 (93%) of the survivors had been successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation at censoring and 1049 (81%) had been discharged from hospital. Age, inspired oxygen concentration, positive end-expiratory pressure setting, fever, number of days of ventilation before tracheostomy, C reactive protein and the use of anticoagulation and inotropic support independently predicted mortality. Six reports were received of operators testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 2 weeks of the procedure.ConclusionsTracheostomy appears to be safe in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 and to operators performing the procedure and we identified clinical parameters that are predictive of mortality.Trial registration numberThe study is registered with ClinicalTrials.Gov (NCT04572438).

scholarly journals A cohort study on the relationship between education level and high‐risk population of stroke

Ibrain ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Yan‐Yan Yu ◽  
Dan Lei ◽  
Qiong He ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Education Level ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Real-world evaluation of a computed tomography-first triage strategy for suspected coronavirus disease 2019 in emergency outpatients in Japan: an observational cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeta Miyake ◽  
Takuma Higurashi ◽  
Takashi Jono ◽  
Taisuke Akimoto ◽  
Fumihiro Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Triage Protocol ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread worldwide. Because of the absence of reliable rapid diagnostic systems, patients with COVID-19 symptoms are suspected of disease. Computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected COVID-19 may be reasonable for triaging, and CT-first triage strategies have been proposed. However, clinical evaluation of a CT-first triage protocol is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the real-world efficacy and limitations of a CT-first triage strategy in patients with suspected COVID-19.Methods: This was a single-center cohort study evaluating outpatients with suspected COVID-19 who underwent a medical examination at Yokohama City University Hospital and who were prospectively registered between 9 February and 5 May 2020. We treated patients according to the CT-first triage protocol. CT findings were classified into five categories according to the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS). With the CT-first triage protocol, patients with a suspicious clinical history, symptoms, or suspicious findings on chest CT were allocated to the COVID-19 suspected group. The primary outcome was efficacy of the CT-first triage protocol for outpatients with suspected COVID-19. We conducted additional analyses of the isolation time of outpatients with suspected COVID-19 and reached final diagnoses.Results: In total, 108 outpatients with suspected COVID-19 were examined at our hospital. Forty-eight patients (44.9%) were categorized as CO-RADS 1, 26 patients (24.3%) as CO-RADS 2, 14 patients (13.1%) as CO-RADS 3, 6 patients (5.6%) as CO-RADS 4, and 13 patients (12.1%) as CO-RADS 5. One patient was excluded because of pregnancy. Using the CT-first triage protocol, 48 (44.9%) patients were suspected of having COVID-19. Nine patients (18.8%) in this group were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using polymerase chain reaction; no patients in the group not suspected of having COVID-19 were diagnosed with COVID-19 during follow up. The protocol significantly shortened the duration of isolation for the not-suspected versus the suspected group (70.5 vs. 1037.0 minutes, P < .001). Conclusions: Our CT-first triage protocol was acceptable for triaging outpatients with suspected COVID-19. This protocol will be helpful for appropriate triage, especially in areas where polymerase chain reaction is limited.

Early energy restriction in premature infants and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (9) ◽  
pp. 1024-1031
Author(s):  
Jose Uberos ◽  
Sara Jimenez-Montilla ◽  
Manuel Molina-Oya ◽  
Jose Luis García-Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Adjusted Risk

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactor pathology. Animal studies and cohort studies suggest that poor nutrient intake after birth increases the risk of BPD. The objective of the present study was to determine the existence of association between BPD in very low birth weight (VLBW) and energy intake during the first week of life. We recorded in a retrospective cohort study the intake of enteral and parenteral macronutrients during this period by examining the nutritional and clinical history of 450 VLBW newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. After applying the relevant exclusion criteria, data for 389 VLBW infants were analysed, of whom 159 developed some degree of BPD. Among the newborns with BPD, energy and lipid intake was significantly lower and fluid intake was significantly higher. The energy intake for the 25th percentile in the group without BPD was 1778·2 kJ/kg during the first week of life. An energy intake <1778·2 kJ/kg in this period was associated with a 2-fold increase in the adjusted risk of BPD (OR 2·63, 95 % CI 1·30, 5·34). The early nutrition and the increase of energy intake in the first week of life are associated in our sample with a lower risk of BPD developing.

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