The role of psychological distress, somatization and personality traits in the formation of IBD patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and smoking habits

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2219-2219
Author(s):  
T. Hyphantis
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Personality Characteristic ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionClinical parameters predict HRQoL in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however some patients have impaired HRQoL despite clinical remission; furthermore, Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with smoking, while ulcerative colitis (UC) is largely a nonsmokers’ disease, indicating that psychological distress and personality variables might mediate the relationship of clinical variables with HRQoL and smoking.AimsTo assess psychological distress and personality traits in IBD and their contribution to the formation of HRQoL and smoking habits.MethodsIn 76 IBD outpatients we compared psychological distress symptoms and defensive profile between CD and UC. In another study of 185 IBD patients, we tested the relation of psychological distress, defense mechanisms and personality traits with HRQoL, smoking, and nicotine dependence.ResultsCD patients presented a more immature defensive profile. The more psychologically mature IBD patients had lower relapses and surgical operations’ rates. Psychological distress was associated with impaired HRQoL in a dose-response fashion. Somatization was independently associated with impaired HRQoL and mediated the relationships of anxiety and depression with HRQoL. In CD, the relationship of the smoking-linked personality characteristic “impulsive sensation seeking” with current smoking and nicotine dependence was stronger.ConclusionsIBD patients exhibit several specific psychological difficulties in adaptation to stressors. Apart from addressing timely psychological distress and somatization symptoms, clinicians and consultation-liaison psychiatrists should consider the patients’ defensive profile, since such personality traits, although usually underestimated, are strongly independently associated with the disease's outcome. Our findings might be also relevant to more effective interventions targeting smoking cessation in CD patients.

Mediation of Coping Strategies among Patients with Advanced Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110032
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda ◽  
Yun-Yen ◽  
Hellena Deli ◽  
Malissa Kay Shaw ◽  
Tsai-Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Resampling Procedure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to test the mediating effects of coping on relationships of psychological distress and stress with anxiety, depression, and quality of life. A cross-sectional and correlational research study was used to recruit a sample of 440 patients with advanced cancer in Indonesia. A bootstrap resampling procedure was used to test the significance of the total and specific indirect effects of coping. Data analysis showed that problem-focused coping (PFC) mediated relationships of psychological distress and stress on depression, anxiety and functional well-being. PFC also mediated the relationship between stress and social well-being. Emotional-focused coping (EFC) mediated the relationship of stress with physical and emotional well-being. EFC also mediated the relationships between psychological distress and physical well-being. Thus, proper assessments and interventions should be tailored and implemented for patients in order to facilitate their use of coping strategies when needed in stressful situations.

304 The relationship between basic personality, subjective sleep duration, and psychological distress during a military deployment

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A121-A121
Author(s):  
Walter Sowden ◽  
Alexxa Bessey ◽  
Julie Merrill ◽  
Ashlee Mckeon ◽  
Jake Choynowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
The United States ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Extended, overseas operations (deployments) increase the likelihood that military personnel will experience psychological distress. Reduced sleep during deployments is a key correlate of psychological distress. Thus, it is imperative to identify mechanisms that adaptively modulate the relationship between insufficient sleep and psychological distress. Research has recently connected basic personality traits (i.e., the Big Five: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) to more sleep. The current project aimed to examine the relationship between basic personality traits, subjective sleep duration (SSD), and psychological distress during an operational deployment. Methods 488 soldiers took surveys both prior to and half-way through a nine-month deployment. The pre-deployment survey included the Big Five Index, and three standardized measures of psychological distress commonly used to screen military personnel for anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder; GAD-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-8), and post-traumatic stress (Posttraumatic Symptom Disorder Checklist; PCL-4). The mid-deployment survey included an item from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index measuring SSD and the same psychological distress measures from the pre-deployment survey. General linear models were used to test the interaction between SSD and each basic personality trait on each measure of psychological distress at mid-deployment while accounting for psychological distress at pre-deployment. Results Of the Big Five, conscientiousness was the only trait to significantly moderate the relationship between SSD and anxiety, t = 2.11, p = .035, where higher conscientiousness weakened the relationship. Further only agreeableness attenuated the relationship between depression and SSD, t = 2.10, p = .036. Interestingly, the only Big Five trait that moderated the relationship between SSD and PTS was openness, insomuch that openness strengthened the relationship, t = -1.92, p = .055. Conclusion The relationship between SSD and psychological distress was uniquely impacted by different personality traits. These results reinforce the age-old concept that behavior is the product of a complex, nuanced, and puzzling interaction between the individual and the environment. The current research motivates further research into personality as an adaptive mechanism for optimizing military wellbeing. Support (if any) Support for this study came from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP) of the United States Army Medical Research and Development Command (USAMRDC).

The impact of manager’s personality traits on project success through affective professional commitment: the moderating role of organizational project management maturity system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqsa Ameer ◽  
Farah Naz ◽  
Bushra Gul Taj ◽  
Iqra Ameer
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Professional Commitment ◽  
Experimental Proof ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of conscientiousness and extraversion personality traits on project success. The relationship is mediated by affective professional commitment, whilst the relationship between personality traits and project success is moderated by organizational project management maturity. Design/methodology/approach The deductive approach is used to achieve the objectives of this study. Data were collected through a purposive sampling technique from 250 respondents with the help of questionnaires from information technology sectors. The structural equation modelling (SEM) in partial least squares-SEM and SPSS is used to analyse the data and to examine the hypothesis. Findings The outcomes demonstrate the partial mediating impact of affective professional commitment between the relationship of conscientiousness and extraversion personalities with project success. Additionally, it proves the moderating effects of project management maturity between the relationship of conscientiousness and extraversion personalities with project success. Practical implications This study reflects that employee personality appears to be a reliable indicator of how an employee is faithful to his profession. This faithfulness or duty decides the employee’s execution in terms of offering a successful project. Thus, achieving employee commitment needs to be done by completing the project successfully by the organizations in the presence of project management maturity systems. Originality/value It is the first study of its kind to provide experimental proof of the impact of a manager’s personality traits on project success in the presence of affective professional commitment (mediator) and organizational project management maturity (moderator).

Effects of Pollution on Swallowing: How Little We Know

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Palmer ◽  
Kenneth H. C. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Airway Defense ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Swallowing is an essential function of the upper alimentary tract. It is highly complex, requiring precise coordination of numerous nerves and muscles of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. Swallowing is integrated with other physiologic functions, Including mastication and respiration. Impairments of swallowing may result from many different structural or physiologic disorders. Little is currently known about the direct effects of pollution on swallowing. Structures critical to swallowing, however, are vulnerable to damage by environmental hazards such as exposure to ionizing radiation or intake of toxins by ingestion or inhalation. The relationship of swallowing to environmental lung disease is an area of particular Interest because Impaired swallowing may result in aspiration of food particles into the lung, and because pollutants may hamper airway defense mechanisms. In this article, we discuss the possible impact of selected environmental agents on swallowing and suggest future directions for research.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AND FRAMINGHAM SCORE IN POPULATION AT RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN MALANG, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareta Deka Paraswati ◽  
Niken Asih Laras Ati ◽  
Titin Andri Wihastuti ◽  
Yulian Wiji Utami ◽  
Kumboyono Kumboyono
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Framingham Score ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A Multivariate Analysis of Personality and Product Use

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Sparks ◽  
W. T. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A canonical analysis of the relationship of personality traits to product use patterns suggests that the association is significant and complex, involving probable interactions among traits.

scholarly journals The relationship of smartphone addiction with psychological distress and neuroticism among university medical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Yik-Chuan Lei ◽  
Muhd Al-Aarifin Ismail ◽  
Jamilah Al-Muhammady Mohammad ◽  
Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Smartphone plays a vital role in higher education as it serves as a device with multiple functions. Smartphone addiction was reported on the rise among college and university students. The addiction may result in unwanted consequences on their academic performance and psychological health. One factor that consistently relates to psychological distress and smartphone addiction is the neurotic personality trait. This study explored the relationship of smartphone addiction with psychological health and neuroticism among USM medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on medical students in a public medical school. DASS-21, the neuroticism-subscale of USMaP-i and SAS-SV were administered to measure psychological distress, neuroticism, and smartphone addiction of the medical students. Spearman correlation was performed to examine the correlation between smartphone addiction with psychological distress and neuroticism. Simple linear regression was performed to investigate relationship factors of smartphone addiction. Results A total of 574 medical students participated in this study. The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 40.6%. It was higher among male (49.2%) compared to female (36.6%) medical students. The result showed a fair positive correlation between smartphone addiction and psychological health (rdepression = 0.277, p-value < 0.001; ranxiety = 0.312, p-value < 0.001; rstress = 0.329, p-value < 0.001). However, there was a poor positive correlation between smartphone addiction and neuroticism (r = 0.173, p-value < 0.001). The simple linear regression showed a significant increase in the levels of depression, anxiety, stress and neuroticism upon one unit increase in smartphone addiction (bdepression = 0.101, p-value < 0.001; banxiety = 0.120, p-value < 0.001; bstress = 0.132, p-value < 0.001; bneuroticism = 0.404, p-value < 0.05). These results indicated significant relationships between smartphone addiction, psychological health and neuroticism. Conclusion This study suggested a high prevalence of smartphone addiction among medical students, particularly in male medical students. The smartphone addiction might lead to psychological problems and the most vulnerable group is the medical student with the neurotic personality trait.

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