Initial growth rates of Charolais cross and Hereford cross steer and heifer calves on two methods of rearing

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Lowman ◽  
N. A. Scott ◽  
C. E. Hinks ◽  
E. A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Initial Growth Rate ◽  
Holstein Friesian

AbstractOver 3 years a total of 204 bucket-reared calves (from Holstein/Friesian dams) and 187 suckled calves (from Hereford × Friesian dams) were monitored during the first 9 or 6 months of life respectively. Within each rearing system there were approximately equal numbers of calves sired by Charolais and Hereford bulls and also about equal numbers of heifer and steer calves. All breeds and sexes within each rearing system were managed as a single group.Differences in daily live-weight gain from arrival (January) for the bucket-reared calves and from birth (April) for the suckled calves through to the autumn were significantly different at 0·66 and 1·01 kg/day respectively (P < 0·001). By comparison, differences in growth rate between sex and breed within each rearing system were small. Hereford cross calves from both systems however carried significantly more condition in the autumn compared with Charolais crosses (P < 0·01).The results suggest that when animals are reared on the same plane of nutrition and given similar management, differences in initial growth rate between early and late maturing breeds and sexes may be less than those perceived by commercial producers the views of whom are influenced by the fact that the types are often managed differently in practice.

A comparison of growth rate in twin cattle of eight breeds and crosses

1963 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gibson ◽  
J. H. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Twin Pair ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Live Weight Gain

SUMMARY1. Rates of live-weight gain from 2 to 96 weeks of age are compared in twin cattle of 8 breeds and crosses. The 258 animals in the trial consisted of 77 pairs of one-egg (MZ) and 52 pairs of two-egg (DZ) twins. All were females.2. Between collection during the first week after birth, and 36 weeks of age, treatment of animals was uniform. After this some animals were grazed and others remained housed, depending on their date of birth. Members of each twin pair were, however, always treated alike. Between 36 and 96 weeks of age grazed stock gained 62 lb. more weight than housed stock. This difference was allowed for in making breed comparisons.3. The trial period was divided into six stages. The most rapid gains were made between 24 and 36 weeks of age (1·43 lb. per day) and between 36 and 52 weeks (1·48 lb. per day). Earlier and later growth rates were about 30% less than these.4. Rates of gain varied from 1·10 lb. per day in Ayrshires to 1·38 lb. per day in Friesian × Shorthorn crosses. The Friesian and its crosses with Shorthorn generally made fastest gains throughout the trial. The Ayrshire was slower than the rest. The Shorthorn and its crosses with Hereford and Ayrshire were intermediate in performance.5. Ratios of within-pair variance in MZ and DZ twins indicate that differences in performance are most strongly dependent on genetic differences-at 12 to 24 and 52 to 72 weeks of age.

The influence on growth rate and slaughter characteristics of implanting fattening male hoggets with various levels of hexoestrol and diethylstilboestrol

1960 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Lamming ◽  
R. M. Stokes ◽  
D. Horspool
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Approximate Rate

In three trials involving 288 hoggets the influence on growth rate of implanting 15 mg. hexoestrol or 12 mg. stilboestrol was compared. In one trial the influence of adding excipient to either stilboestrol or hexoestrol to increase the surface area of the implant was also assessed. Live-weight gain was calculated for each time interval after implantation and it was concluded that after approximately 140 days the influence of implantation had largely disappeared. For optimum benefit to live-weight gain implantations should be made approximately 100 days prior to slaughter.In all trials, implantation with synthetic oestrogens resulted in extra daily live-weight gain, the increase for all animals amounting to 31% extra daily gain for hexoestrol and 26% for stilboestrol. The addition of excipient to the implant diminished the initial growth response and reduced the extra gain achieved.Implantation with the synthetic oestrogens significantly increased the final live-weight on the farm, live-weight before slaughter and carcass weights when groups of animals from each treatment were slaughtered together.Stilboestrol and hexoestrol implantation resulted in an extra 4·7 and 6·1 lb. full live-weight; 3·7 and 5·3 lb. empty live-weight and 1·3 and 2·8 lb. extra carcass weight respectively, compared to controls killed at the same time.Where hoggets had received a high-plane diet, treatment did not affect killing-out percentage, but where the level of nutrition was lower a decrease of up to 1% was observed. In all trials treatment with the synthetic oestrogens resulted in an increase in pelt weight and in one trial this increase was up to 2 lb.Implantation with hexoestrol and stilboestrol increased the size of the gut full and empty in two of the trials. The differences were reduced when the gut weights were corrected to 100 lb. empty live-weight. The weight of the thyroid gland or the total weight of the trachea, heart and lungs were not affected by treatment.The approximate rate of uptake of hormone from a 12 mg. implant of stilboestrol was assessed by the decrease in the weight of dried tablet removed at slaughter from 30 to 200 days after implantation. The linear regression y (uptake in mg.)=3·029+0·039x (days from implantation) fitted the data best, giving an approximate average uptake over this period of 39 micrograms of stilboestrol per day.

Comparison of the productivity of Texel and Rouge de l’Ouest ewes and their crosses

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. R. Dawson ◽  
A. F. Carson ◽  
L. O. W. McClinton
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Average Figure

AbstractAn experiment was undertaken to compare the productivity of crossbred ewes, produced by crossing Texel sires with Rouge de l’Ouest (Rouge) dams and Rouge sires with Texel dams, relative to purebred Texel and Rouge ewes. The purebred and crossbred ewes were crossed with Rouge and Texel sires. The proportion of productive ewes was similar in the purebred and crossbred ewes with an average figure of 0·92. Irrespective of crossing sire, Rouge ewes produced 0·48 more lambs per ewe lambed than Texel ewes (P < 0·001). The two crossbred ewe types (Texel ✕ Rouge and Rouge ✕ Texel) each produced similar numbers of lambs (on average 1·92 lambs per ewe lambed). Individual heterosis values for ewe fertility and prolificacy were small and not significant (–1·67 for the proportion of productive ewes and –3·14 for the number of lambs born per ewe lambed). Maternal heterosis values were also not significant but were of larger magnitude (6·26 for ewe fertility and 3·12 for prolificacy). Lamb mortality (number of lambs born dead per ewe lambed) at birth was similar for purebred Rouge (0·44) and Texel (0·30) ewes and was significantly reduced by crossbred matings and mating the crossbred ewes (individual heterosis –30·68, P < 0·10; maternal heterosis –80·23, P < 0·001). Individual and maternal heterosis values for lamb growth rate from birth to six weeks were 8 (P < 0·05) and 4 (P > 0·05) respectively. Lamb growth rate from birth to weaning was significantly lower in lambs from Texel ewes compared with those from the other genotypes (P < 0·05). Individual and maternal heterosis values for live-weight gain from birth to weaning were 5 (P < 0·10) and 5 (P < 0·01). The results of the current study demonstrate the superior performance of purebred Rouge ewes compared with purebred Texel ewes in terms of prolificacy and lamb growth rate from birth to weaning. However, both breeds had high lamb mortality at birth. Crossbreeding led to the production of hybrid ewes which had relatively high prolificacy with low levels of dystocia and lamb mortality.

scholarly journals Study on effect of different levels of concentrate on growth performance of both male and female lamb

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
Masum Billah ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir ◽  
Md Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of concentrate on growth performances of both male and female lamb. For this purpose twenty four (12 male and 12 female) lamb aged about 5-6 months were selected and divided into three groups (Treatment group T1, T2 and control group T0). In each group having 4 males and 4 females lamb, all lambs were supplied green roughages ad-libitum, control group T0 was allowed no concentrate and treatment group T1 & T2 were supplied 100 gm & 200 gm concentrate mixture respectively for 90 days experimental period. Animals were weighed at 15 days interval. Significant differences of live weight gain among these three groups were found. Allowing 100 gm (T1) concentrate mixture along with green grass improved growth rate in both male and female lamb. Increasing of concentrate supplementation improved live weight gain (found in T2 group). Total live weight gain (kg) and average daily live weight gain (g/d) were 4.25±0.52 kg and 47.20±5.75 g, 5.38±0.83 kg and 59.73+9.17 g and 7.00±0.54 kg and 77.78±6.00 g in male lambs and 2.25±0.21 kg and 25.00±2.34 g, 3.18±0.32 kg and 35.39±3.63 g and 3.81±0.24 kg and 42.33±2.77 g in female lambs for the To, T1 and T2 groups respectively. Live weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in male than female lambs. The results showed that 100 g concentrate supplementation with green roughages improved growth rate in lambs (male and female) under stall feeding condition. Increase of supplementation might improve nutrients supply to promote higher live weight gain.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 274-278

The effect of cow genetic index and grass-based feeding system on the performance of spring-calving Holstein-Friesian cows in second lactation

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
P. Dillon ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
S. Snijders ◽  
S. Crosse
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Genetic Index ◽  
Feeding Systems

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of both cow genetic index (CGI) and feeding system on the performance of second lactation Holstein-Friesian dairy cows on grass-based feeding systems. There was no interaction between CGI and feeding system for any of the parameters measured. Cows of high genetic index (HGI) produced significantly higher yields of milk (P < 0.001), fat (P < 0.001) protein (P < 0.0001) and lactose (P < 0.001) than medium genetic index cows (MGI). CGI had no effect on the concentration of milk constituents. Averaged across four intake measurements the HGI cows had significantly (P < 0.001) higher grass dry-matter intake (GDMI) and total dry-matter intake (TDMI). Live weight was similar for both genotypes during lactation. The HGI cows had significantly (P < 0.05) higher live-weight loss in the first 10 weeks of lactation, significantly lower live-weight gain from week 10 to the end of lactation and higher (P < 0.05) live-weight gain during the dry period. Condition score was significantly lower with the HGI (P < 0.001) at all stages of lactation. There was a higher proportion (P < 0.05) of the HGI cows non-pregnant at the end of the 13-week breeding season. Feeding system had a significant effect on the yield of milk (P < 0.001), fat (P < 0.001), protein (P < 0.001) and lactose (P < 0.001). Feeding system B produced significantly higher (P < 0.05) milk yield and yield of constituents (when compared with feeding systems A and C). Over the period when feeding systems were being applied, feeding system C had significantly higher (P < 0.05) milk protein concentration. Feeding system had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on both GDMI and TDMI. Feeding system had no effect on live weight, condition score or fertility performance.

Rearing of dairy cattle 3. A note on the use of whole milk for calves fed once daily

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Leaver ◽  
N. H. Yarrow
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Milk Substitute

SUMMARYWhole milk was given once daily to three groups each of 18 Friesian heifer calves and concentrates and hay were also available. Calves in one group received 2·4 kg milk/day and in a second 3·0 kg milk/day and in both of these groups individual calves were weaned when their daily intake of concentrates reached 400 g. In the third group the calves received 3·0 kg milk/day and were weaned after 28 days. Concentrate and hay intakes were not significantly affected by the treatments. Mean growth rate over 56 days increased with increasing quantity of whole milk offered but the differences between treatments were not significant. The performance of calves given whole milk was compared with the performance achieved in previous experiments where milk substitute was given. It was estimated that 1 kg whole milk gave the same live-weight gain as 170 g milk-substitute powder. From this estimate price/cost relationships were determined to indicate when whole milk or milk substitute should be fed to calves.

scholarly journals Growth rate and meat quality of guinea fowl kept in farm conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-588
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Zabiyakin ◽  
Sergey A. Zamyatin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Edible Parts

The research (2018-2019) was conducted in the conditions of a peasant farm in the Voronezh region. The paper evaluates the indicators of the growth rate and meat productivity of the preserved gene pool groups of guinea fowl. The experiment involved three groups of daily guinea fowl of 200 heads of different genetic origin: lines of the Volga white breed (the original VB-4, selected by the rate of live weight gain and reproductive characteristics; autosex VBA-1, selected by the color of down, feather and productive characteristics) and gray-speckled guinea fowl of unknown origin. Studies have shown that the live weight of guinea fowl of the VBA-1 line exceeded the live weight of poultry from other groups of guinea fowl, a significant excess was noted at 8, 12 and 13 weeks of age. The greatest coefficient of variation of the trait was observed at 8 weeks of age. The analysis of relative gain in live weight of guinea fowl showed that up to 10 weeks of age, the highest relative growth rate of guinea fowl of all experimental groups was observed (14.0-17.0 %). Starting from the age of 11 weeks, this indicator gradually decreased (4.3-13.4 %). It was found out that under the same conditions of keeping and feeding, the feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain in guinea fowls of the VBA-1 line were less by 0.09-0.16 kg (3.11-6.33 %) compared to poultry of the VB-4 line and by 0.2-0.4 kg (5.49-12.82 %) compared to their gray-speckled peers. The results of anatomical cutting of guinea fowl carcasses showed that the experimental groups of poultry significantly (P< 0.05) differed among themselves in the degree of development of internal organs and tissues. The yield of edible parts was 60.2-61.1 %, depending on the group of poultry. The large live weight noted by us in linear poultry is the reason for their better meat productivity, which is directly related to an increase in the absolute mass of the eviscerated carcass, its edible parts, muscles and bones. Based on the data obtained, the optimal age of poultry slaughter for meat was determined at 10-12 weeks of life.

scholarly journals Effects of age on intake, growth, nutrient utilization and carcass characteristics of castrated native sheep

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Sultana ◽  
SMJ Hossain ◽  
SA Chowdhury ◽  
MR Hassan ◽  
M Ershaduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Native Sheep

Twenty four castrated native sheep were grouped (six/group) into four: T1 >3 to ≤ 6; T2 > 6 to ≤ 9; T3 >9 to ≤12 and T4 >12 to ≤ 15 months. Through out the 63 days of experimental period, animals were offered ad libitum urea (3%), molasses (15%) and straw (82%) as a basal diet with concentrate mixture [14% crude protein (CP) & 11.5 MJ metabolizing energy (ME) per kg Dry Matter (DM)] @ 1% of live weight. Five days metabolic trial was conducted towards the end of the feeding trial. Besides, fortnightly live weight change, daily nutrient intake, carcass yield and carcass characteristics were studied. Daily weight gain decreased (P<0.05) with the increasing in age and the growth rate were 79, 63, 55 and 44g/day for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Higher growth rate in T1 was due to animal's inherent self-accelerated phase of growth. Feed conversion ratio (FCR; kg feed/kg live weight gain) was significantly (P<0.001) better in T1 (9.2) followed by T2 (13.8), T3 (17.7) and T4 (21.7). Cost per kg of carcass production was lower in T1 (Taka: 239), but the production cost increased in T2 (Taka: 357), T3 (Taka: 440) and T4 (Taka: 515). DM intake (g/kg W0.75) decreased with the increase in age and weight. For each gram increased in live weight gain, it required 7.7 kJ ME and animals achieved zero live weight gain (maintenance energy level) at 377 kJ/kg W0.75/d ME intake. Slaughtered weight, warmed carcass weight and dressing yield (%) of native sheep increased with advancement of age. Dressing yields were 48.5, 49, 51.4 and 55.5% for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Fat percent increased with increasing age and body fat as percent of live weight were 5.6, 7.7 15.5 and 20.6, respectively for the T1, T2, T3 and T4. As a part of total carcass, the proportional yield of tender loin and hind leg chump, most valued retail cut, decreased with the increased animal age. In the present trial, body weight gain at early stage (6-8 months of age) of life was more economical than at the later stage of life. It is suggests that the optimum market/slaughter age for native sheep maintained under these feeding and management would be at around eight months of age. DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v27i2.7556 Bangl. vet. 2010. Vol. 27, No. 2, 62-73

A note on performance traits of crossbred beef × dairy steers finished on fast- and slow-gaining feeding regimes

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaspard Lalande ◽  
M. H. Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Feeding Regimes

SUMMARYA total of 178 castrated male cattle (steers), the progeny of Charolais, Hereford and Limousin bulls mated to Holstein-Friesian and Ayrshire cows, were raised from 8 months of age to 545 kg (slaughter weight) on fast- or slow-gaining regimes. The steers on the fast gaining regime were fed a grain mixture with little hay, while those on the slow-gaining regime grazed all summer and were wintered on hay supplemented with a little grain.The steers on the fast-gaining regime were more efficient in feed conversion ratio, had 0·42 kg per day higher live-weight gain, reached slaughter weight 306 days earlier, and had 2% higher dressing-out percentage, 5·7 mm thicker fat and 5 mm2 larger area of m.longissimus thoracis than those on the slow-gaining regime.Charolais-sired steers on both regimes had the fastest gain and were the first to reach slaughter weight. Limousin-sired steers raised on the fast-gaining regime had the highest dressing-out percentage, and the largest area of m. longissimus thoracis on both regimes. Hereford-sired steers had the thickest fat cover and the smallest area of m. longissimus thoracis. Little difference was found between the steers from Holstein and Ayrshire cows.

scholarly journals Nutrient Digestibility And Growth Rate Of Bull Calves Fed Rice Straw Treated With Wood Ash Extract

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MA Akbar ◽  
KMS Islam ◽  
ABM Khaleduzzaman ◽  
ABMR Bostami
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Bull Calves

An experiment was conducted for a period of 60 days with twelve bull calves with an average live weight of 77.78 ± 10.96 kg to determine the effect of treatment of rice straw with Wood Ash Extract (WAE) on feed intake, nutritive value, growth rate and economic benefits. The experimental animals were divided into three groups A, B and C having four animals in each. They were supplied randomly with three rations following randomized complete block design. All rations were made iso-nitrogenous by using urea as a source of nitrogen. Animals of group A were fed untreated rice straw, whereas, group B and C were fed urea-treated and WAE treated rice straw, respectively. The chemical analysis showed that treatment of rice straw with WAE increased ash content of straw from 13.93% to 16.45% and decreased the NDF content from 67.39% to 63.00%. The daily DM intake per 100 kg live weight of diet B was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of diet A and C. The daily CP intake per 100 kg body weight of diet B (553.3g) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of diet A (449.5g). Similarly, the organic matter (OM) intake in bull calves fed diet B was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those fed diet A and C. The average daily live weight gain with diet B and C was significantly (P<0.01) higher than diet A. The animals fed diet B and C were more efficient in converting feed into live weight than animals fed diet A. Treating rice straw with wood ash extract improved the nutritive value, it significantly (P<0.01) increased the apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, ADF and NDF. It also increased the DCP, DOM, DNDF and DADF contents of rice straw compared with untreated straw. Although the total feed cost of untreated group is lower than those of WAE and urea-treated groups, the feed cost per kg live weight gain as well as the feed cost per kg meat production of WAE and urea-treated groups were significantly (P<0.01) lower than that of untreated rice straw. It may be concluded that nutrient composition and digestibility of rice straw and live weight gain of animals can be improved by treating rice straw with wood ash extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v38i1-2.9911 BJAS 2009; 38(1-2): 42-52

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