The value of feather meal as a protein supplement for growing pigs

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Barber ◽  
R. Braude ◽  
A. G. Chamberlain ◽  
Zena D. Hosking ◽  
K. G. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Total Crude Protein

SUMMARYThe results of a nitrogen balance experiment with growing pigs have shown that 5 % feather meal was inferior to 7 % white-fish meal, when both supplements supplied the same amount of total crude protein in a barleyweatings- minerals-vitamins ration.A comparative feeding trial in which white-fish meal was partially replaced by feather meal in the diets given to growing pigs gave inconclusive results.

Herring silage as a protein supplement for young cattle

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1187-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. Nicholson ◽  
D. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
True Protein

Fish silage made by grinding herring and adding formic acid, β-hydroxytoluene and potassium sorbate was evaluated as a protein supplement for young cattle. Only about 15% of the crude protein in the herring silage was true protein. Ammonia N accounted for 8% of the crude protein and most of the rest was peptides and free amino acids. The crude protein of herring silage was as resistant as fish meal to deamination when fermented in rumen fluid, and more resistant than soybean or casein. The herring silage was readily accepted by Holstein heifers fed hay or grass–legume silage with potatoes (7 kg d−1) and a supplement (1.5 kg d−1). Feed intake and weight gain were similar when the heifers were fed hay with either soybean meal or herring silage but were higher when forage silage replaced the hay. Rumen fluid NH3-N and blood urea levels were normal, even for cattle fed the high non-protein N diet of forage silage with herring silage. The herring silage depressed rumen fluid acetate levels and increased propionate in the heifers fed hay + potatoes, probably because of the unsaturated fatty acids in the herring. Well-made herring silage was a suitable protein supplement for young cattle fed forage and potato diets. Key words: Herring silage, fish silage, potatoes, cattle, protein degradation

A note on the effect of sudden changes in the composition of the diet of growing pigs

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
R. M. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Per Se

SUMMARYTwo diets, one based on barley and white-fish meal and the other on oats, wheat and meat and bone meal, with similar concentrations of digestible energy, crude protein, lysine and methionine+cystine were used to investigate the effects of sudden changes in the composition of the diet on the performance of pigs growing from 32 kg live weight, over a period of 77 days.The diets were given separately, alternated weekly with sudden changes from one diet to the other, or as a 1:1 mixture.Changes in diet per se had insignificant effects on performance.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS EVALUATION OF BROILER CHICKS FED SHRIMP WASTE MEAL SUPPLEMENTED WITH SYNTHETIC AMINO ACIDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
A. O. FANIMO ◽  
O. O. ODUGUWA ◽  
Y. O. JIMOH ◽  
A. O. FARONBI
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Synthetic Amino Acids

A feeding trial was conducted using 104 one week-old anak broilier chicks to evaluate the replacement value of shrimp waste meal (SWM) for fish meal (FM) in broiler diets. Fish meal contribution to the dietary crude protein of the brioiler dietsat was replaced with SWM 0, 33, 66 and 100% of graded levels. Weight gain and feedconverstion ratio were significantly (P > 0.05) reduced with SWM replacing FM at 100% at both the starter and finisher phases. No significant differences (P >0.05) were observed for feed consumption. mortality increased with an increased levle of SWM in the diet at the starter phase. Liver weight increased (P <0.05) with increased level of SWM significantly (P <0.05) increased the abdominal fat. Result of this present study show that the SWM could partially replace 66% of the crude protein of FM in broiler diets without negatively affecting performance or carcass quality 

Interactions between supplementary nitrogen source and ration energy density on performance and nitrogen utilization in growing and fattening male cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Holzer ◽  
D. Levy ◽  
V. Samuel ◽  
I. Bruckenthal
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
N Retention ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACTFour diets containing 9·6 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg dry matter (DM) (LMEC), and four diets containing 11·3 MJ/kg DM (HMEC) were formulated. One diet of each ME concentration contained 90 g crude protein (CP) per kg DM and served as a negative control (NC). In the three other diets of each ME concentration, the level of CP was raised to 140 g/kg DM by inclusion of poultry litter (PL), non-protein nitrogen (NPN) or fish meal (FM). These diets were examined in a digestion and N balance trial and in a feeding trial.For the NC, PL, NPN and FM subtreatments of the LMEC diets, DM intakes were 107·1, 112·4, 100·6 and 130·2 g/kg M075 respectively; digestibility coefficients of organic matter (OM) were 0·64, 0·70, 0·67 and 0·71 respectively; and N retention 0·40, 0·76, 0·53 and 1·21 g/kg M075 respectively. For the respective subtreatments of the HMEC diets, the values were: 100·4, 119·4, 109·3, 107·5 for DM intake; 0·64, 0·73, 0·73, 0·73 for digestibility coefficients of OM and 0·40, 0·87, 1·06 and 1·03 g/kg M075 for N retention.Daily gain on the respective diets in the first 130 days of the feeding trial was 0·85, 0·90, 0·91, 1·04 kg for the LMEC and 1·09, 1·21, 119, 1·24 kg for the HMEC diets, and from the 131st day to slaughter was 0·98, 1·02, 100, 1·08 kg for the LMEC and 1·03, 1·02, 1·07, 1·05 kg for the HMEC diets respectively. Daily carcass gain was 0·49, 0·51, 0·51, 0·53 kg for the LMEC and 0·55, 0·59, 0·59, 0·60 kg for the HMEC diets, respectively.The relationship between ME concentration in the diet and source of CP is discussed.

The digestibility of dried microbial cells grown on methanol in diets for growing pigs

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Whittemore ◽  
I. W. Moffat
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Microbial Cells ◽  
Cell Product ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Microbial N

SummaryA microbial cell product was compared with fish meal at three levels of dietary inclusion, using barley as the basal diet. Digestibility coefficients for flash-dried microbial cells (DMC) were calculated to be 0·85 for gross energy and 0·91 for N. Digestible energy (DE) values were 18·8 MJ DE/kg D.M. for DMC and 16·5 MJ DE/kg D.M. for the fish meal. Digestible nitrogen (DN) values were 119 g DN/kg D.M. for the DMC protein and 108 g DN/kg D.M. for the fish meal. The metabolizable energy (ME) values for diets containing DMC were similar to those for diets containing fish meal; ME/DE for diets containing about 16·5% crude protein was 0·96. Microbial N was less efficiently utilized than fish meal N; this was largely attributed to the different contents of nucleic acid N.

scholarly journals The value of hydrocarbon-grown yeast as a source of protein for growing pigs

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Barber ◽  
R. Braude ◽  
K. G. Mitchell ◽  
A. W. Myres
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
British Petroleum ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Protein Diets

1. The yeast grown on normal paraffins (British Petroleum Proteins Ltd, London) contained 62% crude protein and, except for lower content of methionine, its amino acid composition was similar to that of white fish meal.2. The value to growing pigs of yeast + methionine as a protein supplement to diets based on barley and fine wheat offal was compared with that of white fish meal. The two protein supplements supplied the same amount of total nitrogen and were compared at a ‘standard’ level, commonly used in practice, and at a ‘low’ level. Two experiments were conducted: a feeding trial covering the live-weight range from 20 to 90 kg, and a metabolic trial (20–60 kg live weight) in which N retention and digestibility were measured.3. There was a small but significant difference in favour of the yeast treatment for growth rate and feed conversion ratio, but there were no consistent differences in the linear measurements of the carcasses due to protein source.4. In the metabolic trial there was no significant difference in performance, N retention, apparent N digestibility or linear carcass measurements and no consistent difference in tissue components, between the diets supplemented with yeast or fish meal.5. In pigs given the ‘low’-protein diets, performance and most of the other variables measured were significantly poorer than in those given the ‘standard’ protein diets, irrespective of whether yeast or fish meal was the source of supplementary protein.6. It is concluded that yeast (+ methionine) may be closely equated with high-quality fish meal as a protein supplement in diets for growing pigs. The small differences found are discussed in relation to possible differences in availability of amino acids and energy values in the diets.

scholarly journals Performance of laying hens on diets containing Eurolysine bacterial protein or Pekilo protein

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Bacterial Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
True Protein

The investigation was made to determine to what extent soybean meal and fish meal protein in the diet of laying hens can be replaced by Eurolysine bacterial protein, a by-product of lysine fermentation, or with Pekilo protein. In a 24-week laying trial the inclusion levels of Eurolysine in the diet were 0-4.0- 7.9- 11.9 % and those of Pekilo 0-6.3- 12.7 - 18.0 %, or 0-33-66-100 % of the protein supplement. Eurolysine contained 68.5 % crude protein 53.5 % true protein and 6.9 % ether extract in DM and the corresponding values of Pekilo were 43.3 %, 38,8 % and 1.4 %. The average laying rates decreased with increasing inclusion of Eurolysine, and replacement of the protein supplement by Pekilo also lowered egg production, but the differences between the treatments were not significant (P > 0.05). Feed intakes were increased (P < 0.05) by inclusion of SCP. Feed conversion efficiency did not differ significantly among the treatments (P > 0.05). Mortality increased with inclusion of both types of SCP in the diets, but the principal cause of death was cannibalism.

scholarly journals POULTRY OFFAL MEAL AS A PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT FOR GROWER PIGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
A. B. O. Udedibie ◽  
B. O. Esonu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Weaner Pigs

A 16-week feeding trial, involving 18 weaner pigs in a randomized complete block design, was carried out to determine the value of poultry offal meal (POM) as a protein supplement for grower pigs at three dietary levels, 0%, 10% and 20%. Liveweight gain, dressing percentage and backfat thickness were significantly (<0.05) higher in pigs fed 20% POM dietary level. The cut parts, heart, liver and kidney, also increased with increasing level of POM), the diets. The poultry offal meal (POM), the processed, edible and inedible parts of poultry (viscera feathers, beaks blood, discarded eggs and dead birds) used for this study, contained 56.4% crude protein 20.9% crude fat, 7.7% total ash 4.6% crude fibre and 3.18Kcal/gin metabolizable energy. The results of this study suggest that POM could be incorporated in grower pig rations up to 20% with good results.   

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