Serum carnitine, triglyceride and cholesterol profiles in Korean neonates

This study evaluated carnitine and lipid status of fifty Korean newborns. Each subject was assigned to two groups: one according to body weight at birth and the other according to gestational age. Serum total, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower and triacylglycerols were significantly higher, by 14 %, in the low birth weight infant (LBWI, 1310–2490 g) group compared with the normal birth weight infant (NBWI, 2570–4420 g) group. Neither birth weight nor gestational age affected serum total carnitine concentrations. However, serum ASAC (acid-soluble acylcarnitine) concentrations were 43 % higher (P < 0·001) in the LBWI group compared with the NBWI group, and approximately twice as high (P < 0·05) in the 28–32 gestational age group compared with the other gestational age groups. NEC (non-esterified acyl carnitine) fractions were significantly higher in the NBWI and 28–32 week groups (P < 0·001 andP < 0·05); consequently serum acyl/NEC carnitine ratios were four times higher in the LBWI group compared with the NBWI group and 2–3 times higher in the 25–32 week age group compared with the more advanced gestational age groups. Urinary carnitine excretion, including the NEC fraction and total carnitine, was significantly higher (P < 0·001) for LBWI than for NBWI. By gestational age, NEC excretion of the 28–32 week group was significantly (P < 0·05) higher than that of the other two groups, but total carnitine excretion was not different among the groups. This study demonstrated that Korean immature and preterm newborns have higher serum triacylglycerol concentrations but lower carnitine status than NBWI. Therefore, the lower carnitine status and moderately higher triacylglycerols may suggest that LBWI in Korea might be at risk for poor carnitine status and decreased capacity to utilise fatty acids for energy.

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Severity of Cerebral Palsy—The Impact of Associated Impairments

Neuropediatrics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1701669 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (02) ◽

pp. 120-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Veronka Horber ◽

Asma Fares ◽

Mary Jane Platt ◽

Catherine Arnaud ◽

Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Age Groups ◽

Walking Ability ◽

Age Group ◽

Intellectual Impairment ◽

Weight Group ◽

Birth Weight Group ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective This article describes associated impairments in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and its subtypes. Method Children born between 1990 and 2006 recorded in the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe common database were studied. An “impairment index” characterized severity of impairments and their combinations. Results Amongst the 11,015 children analyzed, 56% (n = 5,968) could walk unaided, 54% (4,972) had normal or near-normal intellect (intelligence quotient ≥ 70). Except for ataxic CP, associated impairments were less frequent when walking ability was preserved. The impairment index was low (walking unaided and normal or near-normal intellect) in 30% of cases; 54% (n = 1,637) in unilateral spastic, 24% (n = 79) in ataxic, 18% (n = 913) in bilateral spastic, and 7% (n = 50) in dyskinetic CP. Around 40% had a high impairment index (inability to walk and/or severe intellectual impairment ± additional impairments)—highest in dyskinetic (77%, n = 549) and bilateral spastic CP (54%, n = 2,680). The impairment index varied little in birth weight and gestational age groups. However, significantly fewer cases in the birth weight group ≤ 1,000 g or gestational age group ≤ 27 weeks had a low impairment index compared to the other birth weight and gestational age groups (23 and 24% vs. between 27 and 32%). Conclusion Thirty percent of the children with CP had a low impairment index (they were able to walk unaided and had a normal or near-normal intellect). Severity in CP was strongly associated to subtype, whereas the association was weak with birth weight or gestational age.

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The Association between Birth Weight and Gestational Age and Asthma in 6-7- and 13-14-Year-Old Children

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2016/3987460 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zamani Raheleh ◽

Alikhani Ahmad ◽

Heydarzadeh Abtin ◽

Zare Roghaye ◽

Hashemain Sara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Severe Asthma ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Group 13 ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Group 6

Background. Previous studies that assessed the role of birth weight and gestational age in the risk of asthma have been conflicting.Objectives. To examine the association between birth weight and gestational age and symptoms of asthma.Patients and Methods. Subjects were 6656 school children of ages 6-7 and 13-14 years from urban districts of Mazandaran, Iran. ISAAC questionnaires were used.Results. There was an increased risk of “wheeze ever” in both age groups with birth weight under 2.5 kg and in all subgroups of low birth weight (LBW). Birth weight more than 3.5 kg was associated with lower risk of “severe asthma” in age group 6-7 years. With respect to gestational age, higher risks of “wheeze ever,” “asthma ever,” and “night cough in the past 12 months” were found in age group 13-14 years born before 37 weeks and the risk of “severe asthma” was higher in younger group (6-7 years). A lower risk of "asthma ever" was also found in 6-7-year-old children and 13-14-year-old girls who were born after 40 weeks.Conclusions. This study showed that there is a direct relation between “wheeze ever” and LBW and an inverse relation between risk of “severe asthma” and birth weight more than 3.5 kg.

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Plasma homocysteine and blood pressure in small for gestational age children

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi53.5.2013.254-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Irene Melinda Louis ◽

Adrian Umboh

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Homocysteine Level ◽

Age Group ◽

Normal Birth Weight ◽

Normal Birth ◽

Gestational Age At Birth ◽

Age At Birth

Background Homocysteine is associated with endothelial damage and hypertension. Increased plasma homocysteine levels are often accompanied by cardiovascular impairment, including hypertension. Small for gestational age children have been found to have morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular diseases.Objective To assess for a possible association between homocysteine level and blood pressure in small for gestational age children.Methods This observational study was undertaken from December 2011 to April 2012 in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, North Sulawesi, on children who were born small for gestational age in year 2004-2005. Data was analyzed by T-test to compare homocysteine levels in small for gestational age and normal birth weight children. Regression analysis and simple coefficient test were used to assess for an association between homocysteine levels and blood pressure in children who were small for gestational age at birth.Results The mean homocysteine level in small for gestational age children was significantly higher than that of normal birth weight children (P<0.001). We observed no correlation between homocysteine level and systolic blood pressure in the small for gestational age group (r=0.151, P=0.189). However, there was a weak correlation between homocysteine level and diastolic blood pressure in the small for gestational age group (r=0.237, P=0.049).Conclusion Children who were small for gestational age at birth have significantly higher mean homocysteine level than that of normal birth weight children. Higher homocysteine levels are associated with higher diastolic blood pressure in children who were small for gestational age at birth.

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Level of serum uric acid in patients with preeclampsia compared to controls and its relation to feto-maternal outcome

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20192452 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 2471

Author(s):

Ramraj Meena ◽

Purnima Pachori ◽

Sandhya Chaudhary ◽

Chandrakanta .

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Study Group ◽

Age Group ◽

Normal Birth Weight ◽

Normal Birth

Background: Uric acid is the final product of the purine metabolism in humans. The two final reactions in its production which catalyze the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and the latter to uric acid are catalyzed by the enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase. The role of uric acid in the progression of prediabetes to diabetes has been known. Serum uric acid has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. The present study was done to see the level of uric acid in preeclampsia and healthy pregnant controls, to relate serum uric acid results to the severity of hypertension and its relation to fetomaternal outcome in patients attending OPD at RMC Ajmer.Methods: 100 cases of preeclampsia of age group between 20-40 year and gestational age ≥28 weeks and 100 normal healthy women with similar gestational age and age group were included in the study and maternal serum uric acid was estimated in both groups.Results: Mean serum uric acid levels in preeclampsia was 7.65±081 mg/dl and 3.21±072 mg/dl in control group. Perinatal complication was more in case group, 74 % were preterm compared to 11% in control group. Mean birth weight in study group was 2.07 kg, of which 24% babies were VLBW 52% were LBW, and 24% babies had normal birth weight, in control group mean birth weight was 2.82 kg. The difference was found to be statistically signiﬁcant (p value 0.001). In the study group, the MSUA concentration is found higher in LBW and VLBW babies compared to normal birth weight babies.Conclusions: There is a positive correlation between SUA & severity of preeclampsia, and a signiﬁcant adverse fetal outcome is observed with raised MSUA in preeclamptic patients.

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Umbilical Morphology: Normal Values for Neonatal Periumbilical Skin Length

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.90.1.47 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 47-49

Author(s):

Aengus S. O'Marcaigh ◽

Lora B. Folz ◽

Virginia V. Michels

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Normal Values ◽

The Other ◽

Male And Female ◽

Rieger Syndrome ◽

Neonatal Diagnosis ◽

Robinow Syndrome ◽

Aarskog Syndrome

Malformations of the umbilicus are a feature of many dysmorphic syndromes including Rieger syndrome, Robinow syndrome, and Aarskog syndrome. The characteristic umbilical malformation in Rieger syndrome consists of redundant periumbilical skin which extends along the cord for an excessive distance. Although the measurement of umbilical skin length plays an important role in the neonatal diagnosis of Rieger syndrome, normal values for this measurement in healthy neonates have not been established. Umbilical skin length was measured in 104 healthy neonates. The length to which the umbilical skin extended along the cranial aspect of cord (mean 11.53 mm, SD 3.58) was significantly longer than the umbilical skin length along the caudal aspect (mean 8.71 mm, SD 2.89) (P < .05). Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant association between age and umbilical skin length. Birth weight, length, and gestational age were not significantly associated with umbilical skin length when adjusted for the other three variables. No significant differences in umbilical skin length were observed between male and female groups. The above normal values should aid in the neonatal diagnosis of Rieger syndrome, and furthermore it is recommended that cranial umbilical skin length measurement be included in the examination of the dysmorphic child.

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LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.08.1003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (08) ◽

pp. 1176-1180

Author(s):

Brig® Khalid Mehmood ◽

Ijaz Ali ◽

Syed Hyder Raza

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Data Collection Tool ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight Babies ◽

Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the proportion of LBW Babies among those deliveredat DHQ Hospital Mirpur. Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: DHQ hospitalMirpur AJK. Duration of study: January 2013-May 2013. Sample size: 459 deliveries. Studypopulation: women reporting in Peads OPD of DHQ hospital Mirpur AJ&K with their babiesduring study period. Sampling technique: Convenience method. Data collection tool: Datacollection Performa. Data analysis: SPSS version 14.0.Results: Out of 459 deliveriesconducted at Divisional Head Quarter hospital Mirpur, 149 cases of low birth weight babies(<2500gms) whereas the rest 310 had normal birth weight. Frequency of Low Birth Weight inmale new born babies was high, i.e ratio of male babies were 55% (82) out of 149 individualswhile females were 45% (67). Less than 37 weeks of gestational age, 37% (55) were pretermbabies and 37 – 42 weeks of gestational age, 63% (94) were full term babies.

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The Dynamics of Cullin-1 Expression in Preeclamptic Placenta and its Association with Pregnancy Termination Time

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.3665 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (B) ◽

pp. 210-215

Author(s):

Makbruri Makbruri ◽

Isabella Kurnia Liem ◽

Ahmad Aulia Jusuf ◽

Tantri Hellyanti

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Pregnancy Termination ◽

Age Groups ◽

Trophoblast Invasion ◽

Age Group ◽

Placental Development ◽

Very Preterm ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cellular Factors ◽

Termination Time

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a systemic syndrome occurring in 3–5% of pregnancies, caused by disorders of cellular factors resulting in the disruption of trophoblast differentiation and invasion which is important for the placental development and maintaining pregnancy. Cullin-1 is a protein that plays a role in the process of maintaining pregnancy, development, and trophoblast invasion in the placenta. Until now, there have been no studies linking the expression of cullin-1 in preeclamptic patients with the timing of pregnancy termination. AIM: This study analyzed cullin-1 expression in preeclamptic patients and their relationship to the timing of pregnancy termination was carried out. METHODS: Placental samples were taken from preeclampsia patients consisting of three gestational age groups, then immunohistochemical staining was performed to see the dynamics of expression and distribution in each age group of pregnancy and to find out their relationship with the timing of pregnancy termination. RESULTS: Cullin-1 was expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts. The lowest cullin-1 level was obtained in the very preterm age group, and the highest was found in the moderate preterm gestational age group. There was a significant difference between cullin-1 optical density (OD) expression and termination time of pregnancy, and there was a significant difference (OD) in cullin-1 preeclamptic patients with very preterm gestational age with moderate preterm gestational age. CONCLUSION: Cullin-1 was expressed both in syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts and was associated with the timing of pregnancy termination.

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Neonatal Mortality Risk for the Eighties: The Importance of Birth Weight/Gestational Age Groups

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.68.1.122 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 122-130

Author(s):

Alistair G. S. Philip ◽

George A. Little ◽

Denise R. Polivy ◽

Jerold F. Lucey

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Data Base ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

New Hampshire ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

The Sixties

Since 1976 a computerized data base has been used to store information on babies admitted to two intensive care nurseries serving the Vermont/New Hampshire region. The data base now allows reporting "neonatal" mortality by birth weight/gestational age (BW/GA) groupings for 1976-1979. For all BW/GA groups, except the most immature infants, there has been marked improvement compared to data gathered in the sixties (ie, mortality has decreased). These data are probably applicable to most other centers providing neonatal intensive care. The use of BW/GA categories provides the most reliable way of objectively comparing statistics from one center to another. Differences between two centers were observed when birth weight specific rates were used, but were largely abolished by using BW/GA groups. Data gathered in this way will be increasingly important for comparisons between centers and across years and when evaluating the effectiveness of new therapeutic interventions.

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OUTCOME OF SECOND BABY OF TWIN IN A RURAL TEACHING HOSPITAL OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA

10.36106/ijsr/9503113 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4-7

Author(s):

Kajal Kumar Patra ◽

Anirban Mandal ◽

Thyadi Himabindu

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Perinatal Outcome ◽

West Bengal ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Time Interval ◽

Age Group ◽

Multiple Pregnancies ◽

Second Twin

Background: Multiple pregnancies are a high-risk situation because of its inherent risks to mother and the fetus. Twin or multiple pregnancies are gaining importance worldwide because of the attributable rise in treatment of infertility including assisted reproductive technologies. Twin pregnancies are associated with increased fetal loss, prematurity, structural abnormalities, and fetal growth restriction. Complications associated with twin pregnancy. The conduct of a twin delivery remains one of the most challenging events in the current obstetric practice. This Methods: study was an Hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura, West Bengal from January 2020 to December 2020. 238 patients were included in the study after informed consent from the patient about being a part of this study. Template was generated in MS excel sheet and analysis was done on SPSS software. Results: Majority 154 (64.7%) of women belonged to age group 21-30 years. Gestational age of 159 (66.8%) mothers were < 37 weeks. Perinatal outcome of second twin was highest in the maternal age group 20 years. Perinatal outcome of second twin was highest in the birth weight of the 2nd twin < 2500 grams. Delivery time interval between the babies was maximum 175 (73.5%) is < 10 minutes. Gestational age, Conclusions: presentation, mode of delivery, and birth weight are the signicant determinants of perinatal outcome of the second twin. The second twin is at higher risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality than the rst twin. Frequent antenatal care should be advised to the mothers.

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