Combining functional features of whole-grain barley and legumes for dietary reduction of cardiometabolic risk: a randomised cross-over intervention in mature women

The usefulness of dietary strategies against cardiometabolic risk is increasingly being acknowledged. Legumes and whole grains can modulate risk markers associated with cardiometabolic diseases, but their possible additive/synergistic actions are unknown. The objective of the present study was to assess, in healthy subjects, the effect of a diet including specific whole-grain barley products and legumes with prior favourable outcomes on cardiometabolic risk parameters in semi-acute studies. A total of forty-six overweight women (50–72 years, BMI 25–33 kg/m2and normal fasting glycaemia) participated in a randomised cross-over intervention comparing a diet rich in kernel-based barley products, brown beans and chickpeas (D1, diet 1 (functional diet)) with a control diet (D2, diet 2 (control diet)) of similar macronutrient composition but lacking legumes and barley. D1 included 86 g (as eaten)/d brown beans, 82 g/d chickpeas, 58 g/d whole-grain barley kernels and 216 g/d barley kernel bread. Both diets followed the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, providing similar amounts of dietary fibre (D1: 46·9 g/d; D2: 43·5 g/d), with wheat-based products as the main fibre supplier in D2. Each diet was consumed for 4 weeks under weight-maintenance conditions. Both diets decreased serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels, but D1 had a greater effect on total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels (P< 0·001 andP< 0·05, respectively). D1 also reduced apoB (P< 0·001) and γ-glutamyl transferase (P< 0·05) levels, diastolic blood pressure (P< 0·05) and the Framingham cardiovascular risk estimate (P< 0·05). D1 increased colonic fermentative activity, as judged from the higher (P< 0·001) breath hydrogen levels recorded. In conclusion, a specific barley/legume diet improves cardiometabolic risk-associated biomarkers in a healthy cohort, showing potential preventive value beyond that of a nutritionally well-designed regimen.

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Effects of yoghurt enriched with plant sterols on serum lipids in patients with moderate hypercholesterolaemia

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2001395 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 233-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Robert Volpe ◽

Leena Niittynen ◽

Riitta Korpela ◽

Cesare Sirtori ◽

Antonello Bucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Plant Sterols ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Low Fat ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Dose Dependent

The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of consumption of a yoghurt-based drink enriched with 1–2 g plant sterols/d on serum lipids, transaminases, vitamins and hormone status in patients with primary moderate hypercholesterolaemia. Thirty patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: a low-fat low-lactose yoghurt-based drink enriched with 1 g plant sterol extracted from soyabean/dv.a low-fat low-lactose yoghurt, for a period of 4 weeks. After a 2-week wash-out period, patients were crossed over for an additional 4-week period. Second, after a 4-week wash-out period, eleven patients were treated with 2 g plant sterols/d in a second open part of the study for a period of 8 weeks. The yoghurt enriched with plant sterols significantly reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels and LDL-cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol (P<0·001), whereas no changes were observed in HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels, either in the first or the second part of the study. There were only slight, not statistically significant, differences in serum transaminase, vitamin and hormone levels. To conclude, a low-fat yoghurt-based drink moderately enriched with plant sterols may lower total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol effectively in patients with primary moderate hypercholesterolaemia.

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Effects of Red Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on Lipid Profile of Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Receiving High Fat Diet

Folia Medica Indonesiana ◽

10.20473/fmi.v54i1.8046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wiwik Werdiningsih ◽

Suhartati Suhartati

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

White Rats ◽

Wistar Strain ◽

Dragon Fruit ◽

Pap Method

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel contains anthocyanin, fiber and vitamin C, so it can be used to improve lipid profile in dyslipidemia. The peel of the dragon fruit is not durable, so in this study we used freeze-dried dragon fruit peel. The aim of this study was to prove that the administration of the red dragon fruit peel in a dose of 0.72 g/200 g BW, 1.08 g/200 g BW, and 1.44 g/200 g BW of rat per day for 28 days may improve lipid profile in male wistar strain white rats with high-fat diet. Lipid profiles were studied by examining of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. This was a pure experimental study using randomized post test only control group design. This study used experimental animal of 30 male wistar strain white rats which were divided into five groups. Measurements of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels were done by CHOD-PAP method, while triglyceride level was measured with GPO-PAP method. Data were analyzed statistically by One Way Anova test. The results of this study indicated that giving the peel of red dragon fruit as much as 0.72 g lowered total cholesterol levels, 1.08 g lowered total and LDL cholesterol levels, and 1.44 g lowered total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and raised HDL cholesterol level. Red dragon fruit peel can be used alternatively to improve lipid profile in dyslipidemia.

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Whole grains protect against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2002222 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 135-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 150

Author(s):

James W. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Vascular Reactivity ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Diabetes And Obesity

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the most common cause of death in most Western countries. Nutrition factors contribute importantly to this high risk for ASCVD. Favourable alterations in diet can reduce six of the nine major risk factors for ASCVD, i.e. high serum LDL-cholesterol levels, high fasting serum triacylglycerol levels, low HDL-cholesterol levels, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Wholegrain foods may be one the healthiest choices individuals can make to lower the risk for ASCVD. Epidemiological studies indicate that individuals with higher levels (in the highest quintile) of whole-grain intake have a 29% lower risk for ASCVD than individuals with lower levels (lowest quintile) of whole-grain intake. It is of interest that neither the highest levels of cereal fibre nor the highest levels of refined cereals provide appreciable protection against ASCVD. Generous intake of whole grains also provides protection from development of diabetes and obesity. Diets rich in whole-grain foods tend to decrease serum LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels as well as blood pressure while increasing serum HDL-cholesterol levels. Whole-grain intake may also favourably alter antioxidant status, serum homocysteine levels, vascular reactivity and the inflammatory state. Whole-grain components that appear to make major contributions to these protective effects are: dietary fibre; vitamins; minerals; antioxidants; phytosterols; other phytochemicals. Three servings of whole grains daily are recommended to provide these health benefits.

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Pengaruh propolis terhadap profil lipid plasma tikus model hiperkolesterolemia

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.17600 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 106

Author(s):

Krisnansari Diah ◽

Ariadne Tiara Hapsari ◽

Evy Sulistyoningrum ◽

Agus Prastowo

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Group I ◽

Before And After

Background: Nowadays, cardiovascular disease caused by hypercholesterolemia has become the main cause of death. Propolis has been used widely to reduce plasma cholesterol levels.Objective: The aims of this research was to study the effect of propolis on lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic Sprague Dawley rats.Method: This was an experimental study with pre-post test. Twenty four (24) male Sprague Dawley rats aged 12-16 week old, weighing 125-200 g were allocated into 4 groups. Group I received standard meal + aquadest-gavage; group II received high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01 + aquadest gavage; group III received high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01 + 0,027 g propolis gavage; group IV received high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01 + 0,054 g propolis gavage. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels before and after treatment were measured. The data were then analyzed with One Way Anova.Results: The study showed that there were no significant differences in changes of body weight. There were significant differences in total cholesterol levels between all groups of treatment. Triglyceride levels were significantly different among all groups, except between group I and IV. Furthermore, the HDL cholesterol levels of group I vs III and group I vs IV were significantly different. However, there were no differences found in LDL cholesterol levels among all groups of treatment.Conclusion: Provision of 0,027 g and 0,054 g propolis improve lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels) of hypercholesterolemic rats.

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Association of PRDM16 rs12409277 and CtBP2 rs1561589 gene polymorphisms with lipid profile of adolescents

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms/113174 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nela Maksimovic ◽

Vanja Vidovic ◽

Tatjana Damnjanovic ◽

Biljana Jekic ◽

Nada Majkic Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Brown Adipose

IntroductionPositive regulatory domain containing 16 (PRDM16) protein represents the key regulator of brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. It induces brown fat phenotype and represses white adipose tissue specific genes through the association with C-terminal binding co-repressor proteins (CtBP1 and CtBP2). In healthy adults presence of BAT has been associated with lower glucose, total cholesterol and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels. Our aim was to analyze the association of PRDM16 gene (rs12409277) and CtBP2 gene (rs1561589) polymorphisms with body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose level and lipid profile of adolescents.Material and methodsOur study included 295 healthy school children, 145 boys (49.2%) and 150 girls (50.8%), 15 years of age. Genotypes for the selected polymorphisms were detected by the real-time PCR method. Age, gender, height, weight, lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and fasting glucose levels were recorded.ResultsWe did not find a statistically significant association of rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphisms with BMI, fasting glucose and lipid profile of adolescents. We further analyzed the combined effect of the two SNPs and the statistical analysis showed that carriers of CT genotype of rs12409277 polymorphism and GG genotype of rs1561589 polymorphism had significantly lower total cholesterol (p = 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.008) levels compared to all other groups of genotypes.ConclusionsOur study suggests that rs12409277 and rs1561589 polymorphism might have an influence on total and LDL cholesterol levels in adolescents. Larger studies should be performed in order to confirm our results.

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Effect of feeding goat meat containing low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acid on blood lipid status of white rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.1966-1970 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1966-1970

Author(s):

Widiyanto Widiyanto ◽

Mulyono Mulyono ◽

Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽

Eko Pangestu ◽

Marry Christiyanto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Goat Meat ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

White Rats ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Low Cholesterol

Background and Aim: Healthy goat meat is an essential aspect in increasing consumer acceptance for this livestock product. The research aimed to examine the effect of goat meat containing low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acid on the performance and blood lipid status of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Materials and Methods: Thirty 2-month-old male white rats (R. norvegicus) weighing 195-230 g were randomly divided into three groups, with each group consisting of 10 rats. Group I was treated with a control feed (T0; BR I concentrate). Group II (T1) was treated with a mixed feed containing 50% control feed and 50% goat meat. Group III (T2) was treated with a mixed feed comprising 50% control feed and 50% goat meat with low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acids. Each treatment was given ad libitum for 30 days. The variables measured were dry matter and organic matter consumption, daily body weight gain, feed conversion, triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and atherogenic index (AI). The data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Results: The total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels at T0, T1, and T2 were as follows: 99.97, 35.97, and 50.43 mg/dL (total cholesterol); 108.35, 33.92, and 58.17 mg/dL (HDL cholesterol); and 101.43, 38.09, and 48.65 mg/dL (LDL cholesterol). The highest HDL and the lowest LDL cholesterol levels (p<0.05) were observed in the T2 treatment group, which had the lowest AI (1.69 vs. 1.77 and 2.19). Conclusion: The consumption of goat with low cholesterol and rich omega-6 fatty acids reduces the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, raises the HDL cholesterol levels, and decreases the AI.

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Pengaruh jamur tiram putih (pleurotus ostreatus) terhadap kadar glukosa darah, profil lipid dan kadar MDA pada tikus (rattus norvegicus) diabetes melitus

JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jgi.4.2.131-137 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 131-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Purbowati Purbowati ◽

Andrew Johan ◽

RA Kisdjamiatun RMD

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Oyster Mushroom ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels

Background : Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by acquired deficiency in insulin production by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of using the produced insulin. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) can help lower blood glucose levels, improve lipid profile and reduce levels of MDA.Objective : to analyze the effect of oyster mushroom on blood glucose levels, lipid profile and MDA levels in STZ induced rats as type 1 DM model. Methods : thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: one positive group (1) and two treated group which received 100 mg/kgBB (2) and 200 mg/kgBB (3) oyster mushroom extract, respectively. The interventions were carried out for 30 days. The examination of blood glucose levels, lipid profile and MDA levels was before and after the intervention. The differences inthe datapre-post interventions were analyzed by paired t-test, whereas the differences between the groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and kruskal wallis followed by post hoc analysis. Results : the treatment group experienced a decrease in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, MDA and an increase in HDL cholesterol levels post-intervention (p < 0,001). Oyster mushroom extract with the dose of 200 mg/kg was more effective in lowering blood glucose levels, MDA levels and improving lipid profiles (p < 0,001).Conclusion : Oyster mushrooms administration lowers blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, MDA and increases HDL cholesterol levels.

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Protective effect of guabiju (Myrcianthes pungens (O. Berg) D. Legrand) and red guava (Psidium cattleyanum Sabine) against cisplatin-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502014000300006 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 483-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cleice Dalla Nora ◽

Daiane Danelli ◽

Lucéia Fátima Souza ◽

Alessandro de Oliveira Rios ◽

Erna Vogt de Jong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

High Glucose ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Oxidized Ldl ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

South Of Brazil

The present study was the first to examine the protective effect and antioxidant potential of two fruits native to the south of Brazil, namely guabiju (Myrcianthes pungens (O. Berg) D. Legrand) and red guava (Psidium cattleyanumSabine), with respect to reducing the effects of cisplatin-induced hypercholesterolemia in male Wistarrats. The cisplatin-treated animals showed high glucose, LDL cholesterol, oxidized LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol levels. These native fruits reversed the increase in these parameters. The fat levels in the liver improved with supplementation with the fruits, and there were no differences in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), creatinine, urea or HDL cholesterol levels, nor in the weight of the organs analyzed, indicating that the dose used did not affect these markers.

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Effect of a Long-Term Fat-Modified Diet on Serum Lipoprotein Levels of Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Patients on Home Haemodialysis

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0600081 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

V. J. Wass ◽

R. J. Jarrett ◽

V. Meilton ◽

M. K. Start ◽

M. Mattock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Home Haemodialysis ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Modified Diet

1. Changes in serum total and lipoprotein fraction triglyceride and cholesterol levels were studied in 24 adults on home haemodialysis. Half the patients were randomly allocated to a low cholesterol (mean 200 mg/day), fat-modified diet (mean polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio of 1.0 with a mean of 43% of the total energy content derived from fat). 2. Before dietary manipulation, triglyceride levels in all lipoprotein fractions were significantly higher (P < 0.02) than in a control group of age and sex matched normal subjects. Total cholesterol, very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were also significantly raised (P < 0.02), but high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was normal. In the patients on a fat-modified diet triglyceride levels did not alter in any of the lipoprotein fractions. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels fell significantly into the normal range (P < 0.002 and < 0.001 respectively) but VLDL and HDL cholesterol levels did not change. 3. Hypertriglyceridaemia is the most common lipid abnormality in patients with renal failure and a long-term fat-modified diet is, therefore, of limited therapeutic importance in these patients unless there is a low HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio.

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Prévalence À L’obésité Par La Consommation Modérée D’huile De Palme Chez Le Rat

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n30p224 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (30) ◽

pp. 224

Author(s):

Alex Innocent Hollywale Bohué ◽

Adama Kamagaté ◽

Angoué Paul Yapo

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Food Intake ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Food Content ◽

Massive Accumulation ◽

Refined Palm Oil

Palm oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the pulp of the palm oil fruit. It comes in crude or refined form. It is an oil which caused controversy due to lack of enough information on its use. Our study has shown that moderate consumption of palm oil, that do not exceed 15% of food content, over 28 days does not cause a significant increase in body mass in young rats. Similarly, the lack of significance in the indices of food intake, digestibility, protein efficiency and energy balance, among control and experimental groups of the rats confirmed that palm oil is good for nutrition when its consumption is moderate. However, our study showed that moderate consumption of palm oil does not affect the total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in young. While, moderate consumption of crude palm showed a significant increase in triglyceride rates but refined palm oil does not increase significantly triglyceride rates. Finally, our study showed that moderate consumption of palm oil does not cause a massive accumulation of the oil in the liver. This leads to say that palm oil is not the matter, but the way of consuming palm oil that could be a risk of metabolic syndromes.

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