Temporal and spatial variability of zoobenthos recruitment in a north-east Atlantic marine reserve

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1367-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ronowicz ◽  
Piotr Kukliński ◽  
Kate Lock ◽  
Philip B. Newman ◽  
Mark Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Recruitment Pattern ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
North East ◽  
Macrofaunal Species ◽  
Artificial Surface

Submerged artificial surface imitates newly available habitat for settlement of marine fauna. It also enables study of the timing of benthic larval settlement. Such knowledge is important if the model of possible recovery after disturbance in protected areas is to be assessed. During this study recruitment of sessile benthic invertebrate fauna at spatial and temporal scales was investigated using artificial panels submerged in the Skomer Marine Nature Reserve (Wales, UK). Panels were exchanged monthly between May 2009 and September 2011 (with the exclusion of winter time). Recruitment was highly variable with regard to time and distribution; abundance and number of recruiting species varied significantly between sites (about 2 km apart from each other), depths (6 and 12 m), position on panels (top or underside) and years without any obvious trends. The highest number of individuals and highest values of species richness were at Bernies Rocks, at the greater depth and on the underside surface of panels. Bryozoans were the dominant taxon on panels in each studied year and month. Most macrofaunal species noted on panels exhibit a colonial life strategy with short-lived, non-feeding larval stage. Although many species settle all year round, levels of settlement usually peak in summer months, showing a seasonal recruitment pattern (Bugula fulva, Spirobranchus triqueter, Chorizopora brongniartiandEscharoides coccinea). Some species had a pronounced settlement peak in spring (e.g.Electra pilosaandBalanus crenatus).

Enhanced biodiversity and abundance of benthic invertebrate macrofauna in a New Zealand marine reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1854-1867
Author(s):  
H. Lee Mello ◽  
Abigail M. Smith ◽  
Anna C. L. Wood ◽  
Emily J. Tidey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate

scholarly journals The Larval Stages of Portumnus (Crustacea Brachyura) with Notes On Some Other Genera

1944 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie V. Lebour
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Fine Gravel ◽  
Crab Stage

Two species of Portumnus occur in the Plymouth area, P. biguttatus (Risso) and P. latipes (Pennant). P. biguttatus was the only species recorded when the old fauna list of Plymouth was published (1904), but since then it is known that P. latipes is very common in certain sandy areas (see Plymouth Marine Fauna, 1931), far commoner than P. biguttatus.P. biguttatus is rare and has not been seen since 1906. It was first found by W. Garstang and R. Todd on Drake's Island in Plymouth Sound, burrowing in fine gravel (1905), and two specimens, and are recorded from a sandy patch from the north-east corner of Drake's Island. A female in berry was recorded from the same locality by R. Todd, and L. R. Crawshay dredged one in Cawsand Bay in 1906. Apparently the eggs were not hatched out and the zoea of this species is unknown. In August 1902 R. Gurney obtained a megalopa in the plankton and from it secured the first crab stage. He describes the megalopa as being intensely blue. The cast skin of the megalopa and the crab obtained from it (Fig. 3a-c), which he kindly handed to me, are described in my paper of 1928 (Lebour, 1928c, p. 518, pl. viii, figs. 1–3). There is no reason to doubt the accuracy of the determination, especially because, as shown below, corresponding stages of P. latipes as well as the zoeae are now known and are very distinct, differing considerably from those of P. biguttatus.

scholarly journals Holocene development of the Arresø area, north-east Sjælland, Denmark.

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Ole Bennike ◽  
Pernille Pantmann ◽  
Esben Aarsleff
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Ostrea Edulis ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
North East ◽  
Acidic Waters ◽  
Area North ◽  
Alkaline Waters

The Arresø area in north-east Sjælland, Denmark, was deglaciated about 18,000 to 16,000 years ago. In the Holocene it was probably a land area until it was transgressed by the sea c. 8500 years BP. During a first marine phase the area housed a species-rich marine fauna that included the oyster Ostrea edulis, the salinity and water temperatures were higher than at present, and there was a wide connection to the Kattegat sea. At about 6500 years BP there was a short-lived lake or brackish-water phase, but marine conditions were soon re-established with a fauna less diverse than before, and both salinity and water temperatures decreased. The present lake Arresø became isolated from the sea about 2500 years BP. The transition from brackish water to fresh water was rapid; the lake developed from shallow alkaline waters to deeper more acidic waters and finally to eutrophic waters.

scholarly journals Potential effects of elevated temperature on seasonal movements in slipper lobsters, Scyllarides latus (Latreille, 1803), in the eastern Mediterranean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON SETH GOLDSTEIN ◽  
EHUD SPANIER
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermal Preferences ◽  
Insight Into

Temperature serves a predominant motivator for movement and activity over a wide range of mobile marine ectotherms. Water temperature modulates the movements of many lobster species, which can vary widely over spatial and temporal scales. Providing insight into the thermal preferences (and refuges) that some lobsters seek remains a key tenet to our understanding of the behavioral ecology of these animals. The Mediterranean slipper lobster (Scyllarides latus) shows seasonal movements throughout most of its range and is subject to a changing thermal environment. We examined the seasonal movements of S. latus within a small marine reserve (Rosh Hanikra Marine Reserve, RHR) off the coast of Israel and tested the hypothesis that S. latus engage in increased movements when subjected to temperatures outside their range. We conducted a field survey in the RHR and tagged lobsters (n = 81, carapace length, CLavg= 88.7 ± 4.6) to investigate their activity during their putative summer movement. In the lab, we exposed a separate set of lobsters (n = 10, CLavg= 83.1 ± 6.1) to the same thermal profiles as in the field and assayed their locomotion using activity wheels. Field results revealed that lobsters tagged in shallow waters moved to deeper, cooler waters (~ 30 m) over the course of 2-2.5 months traveling an average distance of 3.4 km (range = 1-5 km). Our lab results showed that S. latus are more active at higher temperatures, but moreover, revealed that warming water temperatures elicited markedly longer movements over a similar timeframe. Combined, these findings suggest that increasing water temperatures in the eastern Mediterranean (Levant) may affect lobster movements and could alter seasonal patterns of distribution as well.

scholarly journals The fauna of aquatic invertebrates in the river impacted by wastewaters from the pulp and paper industry (Komi Republic)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Baturina ◽  
Olga Kononova ◽  
Elena Fefilova ◽  
Olga Loskutova
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Invertebrates ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Aquatic Invertebrate ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
North East

Invertebrates are important elements of aquatic ecosystems and play a crucial role in the transformation of matter and energy in continental water bodies. Communities of aquatic invertebrates are characterised by high sensitivity to pollution by nutrients and toxic substances and acidification of water bodies; they serve as good bioindicators of the quality of the aquatic environment and impacts on hydroecosystems. All hydrobionts participate in the processes of self-purification of water bodies. The presented dataset provides information on the aquatic invertebrate community of a large northern river. During 2018-2020, we collected data on changes in the quantitative indicators of the development of benthic and planktonic communities, as well as the species diversity of their fauna. The dataset combines information about the occurrence and abundance of benthic and planktonic invertebrates and summarises data of aquatic invertebrate species found in the Vychegda River in the zone of influence from the pulp and paper mill. The presented dataset is part of a monitoring programme of the river ecosystems in the production area of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC (the European North-East of Russia, Komi Republic). The dataset describes the structure of benthic invertebrate and plankton communities in the Northern Dvina River Basin. The data on the finding and abundance of large taxa of aquatic invertebrates and species of some groups: Oligochaeta, Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera are presented. In total, the resource includes 8720 findings of invertebrates, of which 6041 are for zoobenthos organisms and 2679 for zooplankton organisms.

scholarly journals Expenditure-based segmentation of visitors to the Tsitsikamma National Park

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kruger ◽  
A. Saayman ◽  
M. Saayman
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Group Size ◽  
National Park ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Origin Group

Purpose and/or objectives: The purpose of this article is to apply expenditure-based segmentation to visitors at the Tsitsikamma National Park. The objective of the research is twofold, to identify the socio-demographic and behavioural variables that influence spending at the Tsitsikamma National Park and to make recommendations on how to attract the high-spending market. Problem investigate: The Tsitsikamma National Park is Africa's oldest and largest marine reserve and plays a vital role in the preservation and conservation of marine fauna and flora. The park is also a popular holiday destination for international and local tourists and therefore plays an important role in the regional economy. Due to the importance of the park to the community and region, the Tsitsikamma National Park needs to attract more high spenders since this will contribute to the sustainability of the park. Expenditure-based segmentation is regarded as the best method for creating a profile of the high-spending market. Design and/or methodology and/or approach: To achieve this, tourist surveys from 2001 to 2008 were used. In total, 593 questionnaires were used in the analysis. Statistical analysis was done by applying K-means clustering and Pearson's chi-square as well as ANOVA analysis. Findings and/or implications: The research revealed that the province of origin, group size, length of stay and accommodation preference have a positive influence on higher spending. Originality and/or value of the research : Even though this type of research has been done for the Kruger National Park, a more innovative approach was followed by using K-means clustering, which is also the first time that this approach was used in determining the high-spending market at the Tsitsikamma National Park. Conclusion: Two distinct markets were identified. These were the high and low spenders where the most significant differences were with regard to province of origin, group size, length of stay and preferred type of accommodation. Interestingly, aspects such as owning a Wild Card (which is a loyalty card) showed no significant difference. The same applied for age, marital status or frequency of visits. Therefore, the results (if one compares this research with that done at the Kruger National Park) confirm that the size of operations and activities available have a dual impact.

scholarly journals Testing angular velocity as a new metric for metabolic demands of slow-moving marine fauna: a case study with Giant spider conchs Lambis truncata

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd W. Hopkins ◽  
Nathan R. Geraldi ◽  
Edward C. Pope ◽  
Mark D. Holton ◽  
Miguel Lurgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Multiple Channel ◽  
Dynamic Movement ◽  
Slow Moving

Abstract Background Quantifying metabolic rate in free-living animals is invaluable in understanding the costs of behaviour and movement for individuals and communities. Dynamic body acceleration (DBA) metrics, such as vectoral DBA (VeDBA), are commonly used as proxies for the energy expenditure of movement but are of limited applicability for slow-moving species. It has recently been suggested that metrics based on angular velocity might be better suited to characterise their energetics. We investigated whether a novel metric—the ‘Rate of change of Rotational Movement (RocRM)’, calculated from the vectoral sum of change in the pitch, roll and yaw/heading axes over a given length of time, is a suitable proxy for energy expenditure. Results We found that RocRM can be used as an alternative energy expenditure proxy in a slow-moving benthic invertebrate. Eleven Giant spider conchs Lambis truncata (collected in the Red Sea) were instrumented with multiple channel (Daily Diary) tags and kept in sealed chambers for 5 h while their oxygen consumption, V̇O2, was measured. We found RocRM to be positively correlated with V̇O2, this relationship being affected by the time-step (i.e. the range of the calculated differential) of the RocRM. Time steps of 1, 5, 10 and 60 s yielded an explained variability of between 15 and 31%. The relationship between V̇O2 and VeDBA was not statistically significant, suggesting RocRM to provide more accurate estimations of metabolic rates in L. truncata. Conclusions RocRM proved to be a statistically significant predictor of V̇O2 where VeDBA did not, validating the approach of using angular-based metrics over dynamic movement-based ones for slower moving animals. Further work is required to validate the use of RocRM for other species, particularly in animals with minimally dynamic movement, to better understand energetic costs of whole ecosystems. Unexplained variability in the models might be a consequence of the methodology used, but also likely a result of conch activity that does not manifest in movement of the shell. Additionally, density plots of mean RocRM at each time-step suggest differences in movement scales, which may collectively be useful as a species fingerprint of movement going forward.

scholarly journals Importance of Furugelm Island in the Sea of Japan for wetland birds: the first record of a breeding colony of the Chinese egret Egretta eulophotes

Oryx ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Litvinenko ◽  
Yuriy V. Shibaev
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Wetland Birds ◽  
North East ◽  
Egretta Eulophotes ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Far Eastern Marine Reserve ◽  
Chinese Egret

AbstractA new breeding site of the globally threatened Chinese egret Egretta eulophotes was recorded on Furugelm Island in the summer of 1998. The discovery of this colony moves the breeding limit of the species more than 600 km further to the north-east in the Sea of Japan. Thirty to forty pairs of Chinese egrets were discovered on the island, which is also home to thousands of colonial seabirds as well. The egret's colony is within the Far-Eastern Marine Reserve but some of its main foraging sites lie outside the protected area and are disturbed by both tourists and hunters. More worryingly, however, the main threat to the Chinese egret's survival is a new economic development project: the Tumen River Area Development Program. We make an urgent plea for the protection of the Chinese egrets' foraging areas within the Far-Eastern Marine Reserve and recommend that a transfrontier reserve be created to enhance the protection of this important waterbird site.

scholarly journals Towards a review of the decapod crustacea from the remote oceanic archipelago of Trindade and Martin Vaz, south Atlantic Ocean: new records and notes on ecology and zoogeography

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Domingos Siqueira Tavares ◽  
Leina Carvalho ◽  
Joel Braga de Mendonça Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
New Records ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Insular Endemic ◽  
Central Atlantic

The remoteness of the Trindade and Martin Vaz young volcanic archipelago (TMV) raises questions about the source of its marine benthic fauna and levels of endemism. Addressing these questions requires a comprehensive knowledge of the taxonomic composition of the marine fauna of the islands. A five-year survey in the shallow marine waters (up to 30 m) and a literature review on the data published for TMV have been conducted to document the biodiversity of the benthic fauna. Here we report on ten new records of decapod crustaceans from TMV: Gnathophyllum americanum and Thor amboinensis are circumtropical in distribution, whereas Stenopus hispidus, Gnathophylloides mineri and Parribacus antarcticus are disjunct circumtropical species as their distribution in the Atlantic Ocean is limited eastwardly to TMV or Ascension Island (S. hispidus), therefore, do not extending into the eastern Atlantic. Gnathophyllum circellum and Thor manningi are western Atlantic species, with G. circellum previously known only from the Caribbean Sea. Pontonia manningi, Tuleariocaris neglecta and Enoplometopus antillensis are amphi-Atlantic in distribution. Two of the above species are recorded from the southwestern Atlantic for the first time: Gnathophyllum circellum and Tuleariocaris neglecta. These new records corroborate that the marine benthic invertebrate fauna of the TMV archipelago is actually a mosaic of amphi-Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, central Atlantic (insular), endemic and circumtropical species, with a strong western Atlantic component.

Fish Movement in a Temperate Marine Reserve: New Insights through Application of Acoustic Tracking

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Parsons ◽  
Daniel Egli
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Reserve Design ◽  
Acoustic Tracking ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Marine Reserve Design ◽  
The Continuum

In this review we present the progression of research that has led to the current level of understanding of snapper (Pagrus auratus: Sparidae) movement and protection effects in NE New Zealand marine reserves. Mark and recapture, florescent elastomer tags, acoustic tracking at varying spatial scales and geolocation tags were applied to examine fish behavior. Results from each method revealed new insight into teleost behavior. This advocates the importance of using the appropriate method depending on the spatial and temporal scales, to avoid making premature conclusions. We propose that the continuum of movement behaviors observed may have resulted partially from a range of factors that change once a marine reserve is established. Examining movement and response to protection in no-take reserves is crucial to provide a scientific basis for efficient future marine reserve design.

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