An Update on Turkish Archives

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Kemal H. Karpat
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Director General ◽  
North African ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Administrative Framework ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Students of Middle Eastern, North African, and Balkan history of the period extending roughly from the middle of the fifteenth or the beginning of the sixteenth century to the end of World War I ought to know about the vital developments that have occurred since 1985 in the Turkish Archives or Başbakanlik Arşivleri (prime minister’s archives). These materials were to be moved to the central archive building in Ankara, but the ultimate decision was made to keep the Ottoman documents in Istanbul and to use the large Ankara archive building for preserving the material accumulated during the Republic.An international conference was convened by the Turkish government in 1985 to discuss the situation of the Ottoman archives. The meeting was opened by Prime Minister Turgut Ozal, who promised on behalf of the government to do whatever was necessary to expedite the classification of the existing material and facilitate its use. After the conference, Professor Halil Inalcik and I were invited to Ankara to discusss with Mr. Hasan Celal Güzel—then prime minister’s aide, currently minister of culture—the measures necessary to train archivists. Later, in the summer of 1986, I participated in several working sessions presided over by Mr. Güzel to discuss various technical questions, such as the administrative framework of the archives, the training of personnel both at home and abroad, and so on. In a recent visit to the archives (November 1988), I was able to assess on the spot the work carried out since 1986 under the supervision of Professor Ismet Miroglu, the current director general of the archives.

scholarly journals THE CULTURAL-CIVILIZATIONAL ASPECT IN THE FORMATION OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION POLICY OF R. ERDOGAN GOVERNMENTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
A. Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
European Integration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Turkish State

The question of European integration of Turkish Republic is considered as one of the central issues in the sphere of the history of international relations. The origins of this problem should be sought in the processes that have shaped the modern Turkish state, that being the rule of the first President of the Republic. With the government headed by R. Erdogan taking a grip of power in 2002, Turkey has fully revised its foreign policy. In particular, it intensified efforts to integrate the state to the EU. However, these intentions could not be realized due to a number of reasons. The article considers cultural-civilization influence on the formation of the foreign policy of Turkish Republic in the sphere of European integration, formation and evolution of the views of the Turkish government on the idea of state "Westernization". It devotes main attention to the views of Ahmet Davutoglu and his strategy of Turkish foreign policy. The article also researches his views on the influence of the eastern cultural and civilizational values and religion on the international position of the Eastern countries and, in particular, on their relations with European countries. Moreover, the research provides an attempt to analyze the cultural-civilizational differences as a factor of preventing Turkey from entering the European Union.

scholarly journals 1918 and the Habsburg Monarchy as Reflected in Slovak Historiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-229
Author(s):  
Júlia Čížová ◽  
Roman Holec
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Social History ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Generation

With regard to the “long” nineteenth-century history of the Habsburg monarchy, the new generation of post-1989 historians have strengthened research into social history, the history of previously unstudied social classes, the church, nobility, bourgeoisie, and environmental history, as well as the politics of memory.The Czechoslovak centenary increased historians’ interest in the year 1918 and the constitutional changes in the Central European region. It involved the culmination of previous revisitations of the World War I years, which also benefited from gaining a 100-year perspective. The Habsburg monarchy, whose agony and downfall accompanied the entire period of war (1914–1918), was not left behind because the year 1918 marked a significant milestone in Slovak history. Exceptional media attention and the completion of numerous research projects have recently helped make the final years of the monarchy and the related topics essential ones.Remarkably, with regard to the demise of the monarchy, Slovak historiography has focused not on “great” and international history, but primarily on regional history and its elites; on the fates of “ordinary” people living on the periphery, on life stories, and socio-historical aspects. The recognition of regional events that occurred in the final months of the monarchy and the first months of the republic is the greatest contribution of recent historical research. Another contribution of the extensive research related to the year 1918 is a number of editions of sources compiled primarily from the resources of regional archives. The result of such partial approaches is the knowledge that the year 1918 did not represent the discontinuity that was formerly assumed. On the contrary, there is evidence of surprising continuity in the positions of professionals such as generals, officers, professors, judges, and even senior old regime officers within the new establishment. In recent years, Slovak historiography has also managed to produce several pieces of work concerned with historical memory in relation to the final years of the monarchy.

scholarly journals Legal Protection Model for Indonesian Migrant Workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 291-304
Author(s):  
Anis Widyawati
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The emergence of several large cases of migrant workers in Malaysia and Singapore as well as in several Middle Eastern countries, especially Saudi Arabia, made all the nation's components flinch. Many people argue that the problem occurs because of the low level of education of migrant workers. There are also those who say that this problem occurs because employers of Indonesian labor services companies (Pengerah Jasa Penyalur Tenaga Kerja Indonesia, PJTKI, now called Perusahaan Penyalur Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Swasta, PPTKIS) are not nationally minded and only pursue profit (profit-oriented). There were also those who argued that the cases of migrant workers occurred due to the inactivity of regulative and punitive functions of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the background above, the problem can be formulated is how the urgency of legal protection for Indonesian migrant workers abroad and how the legal protection model for Indonesian migrant workers abroad. Research carried out at BP3TKI and the Semarang Manpower and Transmigration Office underlined that legal protection for Indonesian migrant workers abroad is very important. The urgency in legal protection due to fulfillment of the rights of victims who work legally abroad but also cannot be fully implemented properly, due to differences in legal systems with migrant workers recipient countries that do not necessarily want to protect the rights of migrant workers who experience treatment not please from their own citizens. The migrant workers who work illegally the government has not been able to fully protect the rights of victims who have experienced criminal acts. The legal protection model for migrant workers currently emphasizes the fulfillment of victims’ rights who work legally abroad, such as obtaining legal assistance from a local lawyer appointed by the ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia in the country receiving the migrant workers, mentoring by psychologists and clergy, bringing the families of victims, compensation, and insurance claims. And at the same time, for migrant workers who work illegally the government has not been able to fully protect the rights of the victims.

The Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Middle Eastern and North African History

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World War I ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
World Politics ◽  
African History ◽  
North African ◽  
The North ◽  
East Region ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Middle East Region

It is in moments of great upheaval that societies may best be studied. Today, The North Africa and the Middle East region (MENA) finds itself in the most alarming state since World War I. The Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Middle East and North African History is a timely intervention to interrogate the region’s internal dynamics and take stock of its place in world politics. It illuminates afresh dominant historical currents as well as counter-currents that previous accounts have not given their due attention or have failed to notice. Broadly chronological, this volume combines thematic and country-based, multi-disciplinary analysis in order to reconsider half a century of scholarship and to critically examine the defining processes and structures of historical developments from Morocco to Iran and from Turkey to Yemen over the past two centuries.

New Cyprus parliament will be tougher to deal with

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Presidential System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus ◽  
Parliamentary Support

Subject The May 22 parliamentary elections. Significance The elections had the lowest turnout in the history of the Republic of Cyprus and brought about significant changes in the composition of the chamber. They were conducted amid a climate of fragile economic recovery and talks with the Turkish Cypriots on reunification. The outcome was a weakening of parliamentary support for the talks and a louder voice for nationalist, anti-austerity and anti-reform views. Impacts The government that is in place will not be affected because Cyprus has a presidential system. However, the lack of a parliamentary majority could hinder the Cypriot economy's fragile recovery. Resolving the division of Cyprus problem would be a significant positive boost for the very insecure Eastern Mediterranean.

scholarly journals BRCAGenetic Screening in Middle Eastern and North African: Mutational Spectrum and FounderBRCA1Mutation (c.798_799delTT) in North African

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Laraqui ◽  
Nancy Uhrhammer ◽  
Hicham EL Rhaffouli ◽  
Yassine Sekhsokh ◽  
Idriss Lahlou-Amine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
North African ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Frequent Mutations ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Families ◽  
Founder Allele

Background. The contribution ofBRCA1mutations to both hereditary and sporadic breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) has not yet been thoroughly investigated in MENA.Methods. To establish the knowledge aboutBRCA1mutations and their correlation with the clinical aspect in diagnosed cases of HBOC in MENA populations. A systematic review of studies examiningBRCA1in BC women in Cyprus, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia was conducted.Results. Thirteen relevant references were identified, including ten studies which performed DNA sequencing of allBRCA1exons. For the latter, 31 mutations were detected in 57 of the 547 patients ascertained. Familial history of BC was present in 388 (71%) patients, of whom 50 were mutation carriers. c.798_799delTT was identified in 11 North African families, accounting for 22% of total identifiedBRCA1mutations, suggesting a founder allele. A broad spectrum of other mutations including c.68_69delAG, c.181T>G, c.5095C>T, and c.5266dupC, as well as sequence of unclassified variants and polymorphisms, was also detected.Conclusion. The knowledge of genetic structure ofBRCA1in MENA should contribute to the assessment of the necessity of preventive programs for mutation carriers and clinical management. The high prevalence of BC and the presence of frequent mutations of theBRCA1gene emphasize the need for improving screening programs and individual testing/counseling.

The Radium Committee of the Royal Society and the fate of the substances purchased by it

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Todd
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
World War ◽  
Ernest Rutherford ◽  
History Of ◽  
Government Laboratory ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time

In this article, documents relating to the history of the Radium Committee of the Royal Society are collated for the first time. Founded in 1903, the committee had its status enhanced in 1904, when the Goldsmiths' Company donated £1000 for the establishment of a Radium Research Fund. Two years later the fund was used to purchase 500 kg of pitchblende residues from the Austrian government. The French chemist Armet de Lisle was contracted to perform the first stage of extraction, and the process of purification was performed at the Government Laboratory during 1907 by the Government Analyst, T. E. Thorpe, yielding an estimated 70 mg of radium chloride. In 1914 the unexpended balance of about £500 was awarded to Ernest Rutherford, but the bulk was not used until 1921, when Rutherford had moved to Cambridge. The fund was then used to purchase radium that had been on loan to him from Austria before World War I. After Rutherford's death in 1937 the Committee was wound up, and the Society's radium was controlled on a more ad hoc basis. After Thorpe's work in 1907, the radium was lent out successively to several leading scientists until its existence was last recorded in 1953.

scholarly journals HISTORI PEMBERLAKUAN PERADILAN AGAMA ERA KERAJAAN ISLAM DAN PENJAJAHAN DI INDONESIA

Al-Qadha ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Faisal
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Religious Courts

The journey of the Religious Courts that has been passed in such a long period oftime means that we are talking about the past, namely the history of the Religious Courts.With the entry of Islam into Indonesia, which for the first time in the first century Hijri (1 H /7 AD) brought directly from Arabia by merchants from Mecca and Medina, the communitybegan to implement the teachings and rules of Islamic religion in everyday life. The ReligiousCourt is one of the Special Courts under the authority of the Supreme Court as the highestcourt in the Republic of Indonesia. As an Islamic Judiciary that had been established longbefore Indonesia's independence, the Religious Courts certainly could not be separated fromthe changes that occurred considering the reign of the Government of Indonesia had been heldby various people with different backgrounds, politics and goals, surely it would have animpact on the existence Religious Courts both materially and immaterially, including duringthe Dutch and Japanese colonial rule in Indonesia.

scholarly journals INTERAKSI HUKUM LOKAL DAN HUKUM NASIONAL DALAM URUSAN PERTANAHAN DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Tyas Dian Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
A Value ◽  
National Legal System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Special Region

<p>Tanah dalam konsep budaya Jawa menjadi hal yang amat sakral dan penting. Bagi masyarakat Jawa, tanah memiliki nilai yang setara dengan harga diri manusia. Seperti halnya di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), tanah memiliki nilai tersendiri, termasuk juga sistem pengelolaannya. Bahkan Undang-undang Nasional tidak mampu menembus sistem pengelolaan tanah di DIY. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji lebih jauh tentang sejarah keistimewaan urusan pertanahan di Kasultanan dan Paku Alaman Yogyakarta dan realitasnya dalam menyikapi Rancangan Undang-Undang keistimewaan Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, sejarah penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah oleh raja atau Sultan Yogyakarta dan Paku Alam merupakan pelaksanaan kesepakatan dari perjanjian Giyanti yang dikukuhkan kembali dalam amanat penggabungan diri Sultan dan Paku Alam ke dalam Pemerintahan Republik Indonesia. Dengan demikian Yogyakarta mempunyai sistem pengelolaan tanah yang khusus, ada yang mengikuti hukum pertanahan nasional, dan ada pula yang masih diatur oleh Rijksblad Kasultanan dan Rijksblad Paku Alaman. Agar tidak menimbulkan masalah atau polemik baru dalam dinamika politik dan sejalan dengan sistem hukum nasional, masalah pertanahan di DIY perlu mendapat perhatian khusus.</p><p>Land in the concept of Javanese culture into something that is sacred and important. For the Javanese, the land has a value equivalent to human dignity. As in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), the land has value, including its management system. Even the National Law can not penetrate the soil management systems in the province. This paper will examine further features of the history of land affairs in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta and Paku Alaman and reality in the bill addressing the privilege of Yogyakarta. By using a normative juridical methods, the history of the control and ownership of land by the king or the Sultan of Yogyakarta and Paku Alam is an implementation of the agreement Giyanti agreement which reaffirmed the mandate of merging himself Sultan and Paku Alam to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. Thus Yogyakarta has a special system of land management, there are following the national land laws, and some are still governed by the Sultanate and Rijksblad Rijksblad Paku Alaman. In order not to cause any problems or new polemical and political dynamics in line with the national legal system, problems of land in the province needs special attention.</p>

scholarly journals Megalomania narodowa w ujęciu twórców polskich początku XX wieku

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wrzesińska
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Optimistic Picture ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Individual

National megalomania in Polish reflection in the early 20th centuryIn the early 20th century, a number of Polish thinkers betrayed a mentality in which was deeply rooted the notion of the Polish nation’s unique character. These thinkers also expressed a conviction that Poles had a special mission both in Europe in general and towards other European nations. The signs of the intellectual elite’s national megalomania were reflected in Polish journalistic writings in the final period of World War I and the initial period of regained independence shortly after it.The article analyzes the views of selected thinkers: the philosopher W. Lutosławski, the journalist and literary critic A. Górski, the publicist A. Chołoniewski, and the historian J.K. Kochanowski. All of them believed in an optimistic picture of Polish history and emphasized the significance of the Polish mission in an ethical dimension understood as a desire to establish European order based both on respect towards the individual and at the same time on national diversity. This attitude was clearly based on Romantic thought – a historiosophy tinted with mesianism. All these authors dealt with the same themes from Polish history, treating them as a justification of their attitudes (such as: the Republic of Nobility as an embodiment of the ideal of freedom, Poland as an intermediary between the East and the West, as well as the propagator of Christian civilization in the East; the prominent role of Poles among the Slavic peoples, the importance of Catholicism). All in all, they created a mythologized vision of the Polish Republic in order to integrate the Polish society and mobilize it to act. This stream of glorification of the Polish statehood met with severe criticism after Poland regained its independence. S. Zakrzewski, F. Bujak, J.S. Bystroń, Bocheński brothers and others protested against falsifying the history of Poland.

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