scholarly journals Loss of Food Nutrients orchestrated by Cooking Pots: a common trend in developing world

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uloma Onyeka ◽  
Obinna Ibeawchi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
Hidden Hunger ◽  
Abundant Evidence ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Macro Nutrients ◽  
Previous Idea

AbstractThere is abundant evidence that cooking reduces the level of nutrients in foods, but the reductions are exacerbated by among other factors the type of cooking pot used. We conducted a research to determine the influence of various cooking pots on macro and micronutrients of cooked foods. Seven pots and five types of food stuffs were used for the study. The cooking pots used included unpitted aluminum, pitted aluminum, stainless steel, titanium, enamel coated, clay (earthen) and iron-cast while the food stuff were chosen from the major classes of food as to include tubers (yam), cereals (rice), fleshy (beef), vegetables (tomato) and legumes (cowpea). Cooking pot forged from titanium offered best (up to 87.7%) protection (retention) of micronutrients while pitted aluminum pot offered the least retention irrespective of the food sample cooked. Significant portions of food micro nutrients namely vitamin C, vitamin A and selenium were mostly affected compared with the macro nutrients. In the course of our investigations we observed that titanium and enamel coated cooking pots required less quantity of water to get food done. The use of less water to cook transmitted to low (69.67%) moisture content of food cooked in such pots compared to values as high as 76.89% when other pots were used. Food cooked with less water may impact better taste to food since the food is expected to be more nutrient-dense; having considerable lower moisture content. Our research evidenced that cooking pot can have a strong impact on people's morbidity since some pots can aggravate hidden hunger, that is, micronutrient malnutrition. Hidden hunger is a subtle enemy that drains away health and vitality unnoticed until it is too late to reverse. It is crucial to state here that our findings may have turned on its head the previous idea of using pressure pot to cook food. Pots that offered low-pressure cooking (80°C/0.48 bar) was found to preserve the most heat liable (vitamin C and volatiles) nutrients probably because of the lower water boiling temperature and reduced level of oxygen. Our conclusion and recommendation, therefore, is the use of titanium and enamel surface coated cooking pots which offered better protection of food micronutrients among other cooking pots tested. This is a piece of information that is quite vital and beneficial to food consumers, manufacturers of cook wares, operators and key players in the food processing industry.

scholarly journals Kajian Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Tepung Salak Sidimpuan (Salacca sumatrana)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Ifmalinda Ifmalinda ◽  
Andasuryani Andasuryani ◽  
Husein Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
And Control

Zalacca Sidimpuan (Salacca sumatrana) is one of the salak fruit found in Indonesia. The characteristics of this type of zalacca have a distinctive shape, aroma and taste. During the harvest and overproduction, one of the efforts that can be done is to diversify food processing, namely retention. The handling in the process of shading will have an impact on the physicochemical properties of the resulting flour One of them is by giving immersion treatment and slice thickness variation. The purpose of this study was to examine the physicochemical characteristics of zalacca flour. The process of this research includes stripping the skin, separating fruit flesh with seeds, slicing with thickness (2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm) and soaking with sodium metabisulfite concentration of 1.5 gr for 10 minutes, soaking with water and control (without soaking). The results showed that zalacca had a moisture content of 78%. Zalacca flour which has the highest water content of 11.945% in the control treatment (without immersion) 6 mm slice thickness. Salak flour which has the highest vitamin C level of 0.0585% in the control treatment (without soaking) the slice thickness is 2 mm. Zalacca flour has the highest percentage of fineness of flour 27,745% in the control treatment (without soaking) slice thickness of 2 mm. Zalacca flour which has the highest bulk density of 0.701 gr / ml on the soaking treatment of sodium metabisulfite slices thickness of 4 mm. Zalacca flour which has the highest hue of 57.9 ° on the treatment of soaking sodium metabisulfite slices thickness of 2 mm.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis C and its Relationship with Frailty in Older Hospitalised Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2117
Author(s):  
Yogesh Sharma ◽  
Alexandra Popescu ◽  
Chris Horwood ◽  
Paul Hakendorf ◽  
Campbell Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Geriatric Unit ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
The Relationship

Frailty is common in older hospitalised patients and may be associated with micronutrient malnutrition. Only limited studies have explored the relationship between frailty and vitamin C deficiency. This study investigated the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency and its association with frailty severity in patients ≥75 years admitted under a geriatric unit. Patients (n = 160) with a mean age of 84.4 ± 6.4 years were recruited and underwent frailty assessment by use of the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS). Patients with an EFS score <10 were classified as non-frail/vulnerable/mildly frail and those with ≥10 as moderate–severely frail. Patients with vitamin C levels between 11–28 μmol/L were classified as vitamin C depleted while those with levels <11 μmol/L were classified as vitamin C deficient. A multivariate logistic regression model determined the relationship between vitamin C deficiency and frailty severity after adjustment for various co-variates. Fifty-seven (35.6%) patients were vitamin C depleted, while 42 (26.3%) had vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C levels were significantly lower among patients who were moderate–severely frail when compared to those who were non-frail/vulnerable/mildly frail (p < 0.05). After adjusted analysis, vitamin C deficiency was 4.3-fold more likely to be associated with moderate–severe frailty (aOR 4.30, 95% CI 1.33-13.86, p = 0.015). Vitamin C deficiency is common and is associated with a greater severity of frailty in older hospitalised patients.

scholarly journals Pickle and Chutney Development from Fresh Hog Plum (Spondias dulcis)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
MHR Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Similar Product ◽  
Hog Plum

The experiment was conducted to develop pickle and chutney from fresh hog plum fruit. The pickle was made with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% salt concentration. The chutneys were made with 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% sugar concentration. Among them, the best pickle and chutney was identified on the basis of overall acceptability. The study showed that the color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability of different pickles and the chutneys were different. The pickle (P15) made with 15% salt and the chutney (C40) made with 40% sugar concentration was best among others of the similar product. Higher concentration of sugar and salt gives higher acceptability for chutney and pickle, respectively. Among different changes in chemical composition, moisture and vitamin C concentration were prominent during preparation of pickle and chutney. The moisture content was 59.69% and 43.08% for pickle and chutney respectively which were nearly two third to half of the initial concentration of fresh hog plum fruit. The storage stability was studied for both the products and it is seen that chutney (4 month) was lower than storage stability of pickle (5 month).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14604 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 67-72 2012

scholarly journals Determination of Nutritional Composition of Ackee’s Apple Blighia sapida and Monkey Kola Cola millenii

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Oyetade Joshua Akinropo ◽  
Bello Lukman Abidemi ◽  
Adesiyan Blessing Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fruit Samples

The proximate analysis of the fruit sample that homogenously sampled from the wild was taken and quartered to get appreciable weight fit for analysis. Due to it perishable nature the quartered sample for each of the fruit was stored in an air tight container and kept in the refrigerator at a temperature of about 4°C. For the determination of the nutritional composition, parameters which include their proximate, minerals, and vitamin C were quantitatively determined while the anti-nutrient composition were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Compared to ackee’s apple, monkey cola was found to consist of 64.41% moisture content, 1.69% ash, 10.21% crude fibre, 1.25% crude fat, 4.44% crude fibre, 18.06% carbohydrates while ackee’s apple consist of 73.21% moisture, 1.49% ash, 9.38 % crude protein, 13.98% crude fat, 2.08% crude fibre, 0.86% carbohydrates and 4.45% of vitamin C. The mineral analysis for both samples was quantitatively determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The minerals determined for ackee’s apple and monkey cola were magnesium which was 1391.65 ppm, calcium 628.23 ppm, sodium 506.96 ppm, potassium 3976.14 ppm, iron 1.0 ppm, copper 5.00, zinc 4.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 2616.90 ppm the iron however, was not detected. Ackee’s apple on the other hand, consist of magnesium 498.01 ppm, calcium 478.56 ppm, sodium 398.80 ppm, potassium 4970.18 ppm, copper 2.00, zinc 5.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 373.84 ppm. The qualitative screening of the anti-nutrients revealed the absence of phenol from both fruit samples while tannins were present only in the monkey cola. The flavonoids, phytic acid and oxalate were quantitatively determined to be 1240 mg, 625 mg and 155 mg for Monkey kola and 640 mg, 340 mg and 65 mg for Ackee’s apple.

scholarly journals ODREĐIVANJE HEMIJSKOG SASTAVA RAZLIČITIH EKSTRAKATA ČUVARKUĆE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Mladenovic ◽  
◽  
Nebojsa Markovic ◽  
Ljiljana Boskovic-Rakocevic ◽  
Milena Đuric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sempervivum tectorum has a similar effect as aloe vera, which is known in the treatment of various skin diseases. This herb is considered one of the safest remedies for a wide range of skin diseases. Due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, it also serves as an excellent first aid for burns, stings and bites, because it provides quick relief and calming. Freshly squeezed juice from the leaves of the houseplant is used in the treatment of nervous disorders, epilepsy and restless dreams. The leaves are edible and can be used as an addition to salads or stews. They are not particularly tasty, but as they are rich in water, they can be put in a juicer together with other fruits or vegetables and become a refreshing drink. It is used in folk herbal medicine and as a medicine. The aim of this study was to determine the moisture content, total extracted substances, extract density, vitamin C, organic acids and proteins in house extracts.

scholarly journals Kajian Variasi Lama Perendaman Dalam Larutan Kalsium Hidroksida Pada Pembuatan Tepung Ubi Jalar Ungu

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 969-976
Author(s):  
Teguh Pribadi Gunawan ◽  
Rita Khathir ◽  
Ratna Ratna
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Potato Flour ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Sweet Potato Flour ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses pembuatan tepung ubi jalar ungu dengan variasi lama perendaman dalam larutan kalsium hidroksida. Tahapan proses pembuatan tepung ubi jalar adalah pengupasan, pemotongan membentuk chips dengan ketebalan 1 cm, perendamandalam larutan kalsium hidroksida Ca(OH)2, blanching pada suhu 85oC selama 5 menit, pengeringan bertahap dengan penjemuranselama 2 hari dan pengeringan oven selama 6 jam pada suhu 60oC sampai kadar air 10%, penggilingan dan pengayakan. Perendaman dalam larutan Ca(OH)2 konsentrasi 1.000 ppm dilakukan dengan  variasi lama perendaman 0, 15, 30 dan 60 menit. Parameter yang diamati meliputi rendemen, susut bobot, kadar air, kandungan pati, vitamin C, derajat keasaman, dan warna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen yang dihasilkan pada berbagai variasi lama perendaman dalam larutan Ca(OH)2adalah 10,63%-10,79%, sedangkan kadar air tepung ubi jalar ungu diperoleh pada kisaran 8,4-10,27%. Susut bobot tertinggi diperoleh pada proses pengeringan matahari yaitu mencapai ±36,36%, sedangkan susut bobot terendah terjadi pada proses pengayakan yaitu ±3,13%. Kandungan pati tepung ubi jalar ungu berada pada kisaran 74,47-84,83%. Vitamin Ctepung ubi jalar ungu terendah diperoleh pada perendaman 60 menit sebesar 4,40 mg/100g, sedangkanvitamin C tepung ubi jalar ungu tertinggi diperoleh pada perendaman 0 menit yaitu 17,60 mg/100g. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi penurunan vitamin C selama proses penepungan. Derajat keasaman tepung ubi jalar ungu diperoleh pada kisaran 4,96-5,27. Berdasarkan analisis warna diperoleh tepung ubi jalar ungu dengan warna ungu ke kehitaman (perendaman 0 menit), ungu pucat (perendaman 15 menit), ungu pekat (perendaman 30 menit), dan ungu keabu-abuan (perendaman 60 menit).The study aimed to evaluate the purple sweet potato flour processing under variations of soaking time in calcium hydroxide solution. The steps of flour processing were pilling, cutting with a thikcness of 1cm, soaking in calcium hidroxide solution, blanching at a temperature of 85 oC for 5 minutes, drying at two stages i.e sun drying for two day and oven drying for 6 hour at  60oC until 10% moisture content miling and sieving. Soaking in calcium hidroxide  concentration of 1,000 ppm was done by variation soaking time of 0, 15, 30 and 60 minutes. The parameters observed were yield, weight loss, moisture, starch content, vitamin C, acidity, and color. The results showed that the yield generated due to variations of soaking time in calsium hidroxide solution was 10.63-10.79%, while the moisture content of the purple sweet potato flour was in the range of 8.4-10.27%. The highest weight loss was obtained in the sun drying process (±36.36%), while the lowest weight loss was occured in the sieving process (± 3.13%). The starch content of purple sweet potato flour was in the range of 74.47-84.83%. The lowest vitamin C of purple sweet potato flour was obtained after 60 minutes soaking (4.40 mg/100g), while the highest vitamin C of purple sweet potato flour was obtained without soaking (17.60 mg/100g). In general it can be concluded that vitamin C had been declined during the flour processing. The acidity of purple sweet potato flour was in range of 4.96 to 5.27. The  color analysis by using L*a*b method showed that there was differences in color due to the variation of soaking time.

scholarly journals Prediction of Physicochemical Properties of Pummelo Juice Concentrates as a Function of Temperature and Concentration

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyuk L Chin ◽  
Suit M Chan ◽  
Yus Aniza Yusof ◽  
Teong Guan Chuah ◽  
Rosnita A Talib
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Juice Processing ◽  
Physical Composition ◽  
Linear Regressions

The properties of pummelo juice were studied by measuring its chemical and physical composition. Pummelo fruit juice was freeze-concentrated to a concentration varying from 10 to 50 °Brix for investigation at temperature ranging from 6 to 75 °C. The fresh pummelo juice compositions in terms of moisture content, ash, fat, protein, fibre, carbohydrates, and vitamin C are comparable to existing literature. The water activity, pH and acidity were predictable linearly by its concentration measured in °Brix. The density of pummelo juice was well-predicted using linear regressions with a single parameter (i.e., concentration), giving R2>0.983 and with a temperature at R2>0.921. The density of pummelo juice showed stronger dependence on its concentration than on the temperature. With multiple linear regressions, the density could be predicted by the equation, with an R2 of 0.9877. As such, these predictions are useful in the juice processing industry as densities variant by concentration and temperature are important during the pasteurization process.

Molecular breeding for increasing micronutrient content in sorghum.

2021 ◽  
pp. 476-497
Author(s):  
K. Hariprasanna ◽  
P. Rajendrakumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Modification ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Hidden Hunger ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Sorghum Grain

Abstract This chapter summarizes the limited efforts that have been undertaken to enhance the micronutrient content in sorghum using molecular breeding approaches. Increasing the micronutrient content of sorghum grain is of paramount importance for alleviating malnutrition since it will help in overcoming the hidden hunger that is prevalent in millions of women and children in the sorghum-growing/consuming regions across the globe. It is known that biofortification involving crop breeding, genetic modification, and even agronomic augmentation of minerals, is a promising strategy that offers immense promise for addressing the challenges posed by micronutrient malnutrition.

scholarly journals Functional properties of parsley fortified homemade Turkish noodles (Erişte)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Safiye Nur Dirim ◽  
Gülşah Çalişkan Koç
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Swelling Volume

Turkish noodle is a staple traditional dish in the Turkish cuisine and generally made out of wheat flour, egg, salt and vegetable oil. The aims of this study were to improve the formulation of Turkish noodles by the addition of minced parsley (2, 4, 6 and 8% weight), to improve their functional properties and swelling volume, to determine the effect on the physical properties (moisture content, water activity, and colour) and chemical composition (vitamin C, total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, and protein content) of the homemade plain and fortified Turkish noddle dough (FHTD) and the fortified homemade Turkish noodles (FHTN), to determine the traditional and microwave cooking characteristics and to indicate consumer preferences of FHTN with fresh parsley. The results showed that the amount of addition of fresh parsley caused a significant increase in the moisture content values of FHTD (31.59-36.08%) (P&lt;0.05). The vitamin C, total chlorophyll and total carotenoid contents of the FHTD and FHTN were improved with the addition of fresh parsley. The traditionally cooked FHTN have got higher water absorption (30.25-38.90g) and swelling volume values (237.50-267.50%) than microwave cooked FHTN (WA=29.03–34.77g, SV=240.00-265.00%) (P&lt;0.05). The noodles containing 2% parsley had the highest rating compared to both plain and other samples.

scholarly journals Effect of moisture content on the thermal properties of Horse-Eye Bean seeds relevant to its processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Ide Ejike ◽  
Ike Oluka ◽  
Eze Chukwuka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Measured Specific Heat

The specific heat, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the Horse-Eye bean (Mucuna sloanei) were determined as a function of moisture content using the method reported by A.O.A.C (2000). The sample varieties used were the Big Sized and the Small Sized Horse-Eye bean. The specific heat and the thermal conductivity were measured using a Bomb Calorimeter. The thermal diffusivity was calculated from the measured specific heat, thermal conductivity and bulk density of the samples. Within the moisture range of 10.5% to 16.87% (b.b), the specific heat, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity varied with the moisture content. Results showed that the specific heat, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the Horse-Eye bean seeds ranged from 116.76 to 203.29 kJ/kgK; 21.07 to 32.23 W/moC; and 3.12 x 10-7 to 9.19 x 10-7 m 2 /s, for the Big Sized varieties, and 112.06 to 194.61 kJ/kgK; 19.85 to 24.08 W/moC; and 3.05 x 10-7 to 6.71 x 10-7 m 2 /s, for the Small Sized varieties as the moisture content increases from 10.5% to 16.87%. Regression analysis were also carried out on the thermal properties of the Horse-Eye bean varieties and moisture content, and there was positive relationship between the parameters. There were significant effects of moisture content (p < 0.05) on all the parameters conducted. The findings and the data generated will create an impact in the food processing industries for Horse-Eye bean.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document