scholarly journals Gorilla-Eaters of Gabon

Oryx ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Harcourt ◽  
K. J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

‘Gorillas destroy our crops and they are vicious animals’, the authors were told last December in Gabon, where, along with Professor Roger Short and Dr Richard Wrangham, they were investigating the status of gorillas and chimpanzees. Gorillas can be shot on sight, and both animals are killed for meat. Gabon people are predominantly rural, and because they are so dependent on the forests for food, it may be that the Government will preserve these, and with them the wildlife, despite impending large-scale development.

scholarly journals The Spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria: The Influence of Transportation and Economic Zones

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Nathaniel O. Ajayi ◽  
Richard O. Awonusika ◽  
Adeniyi S. Ale ◽  
Ayooluwade Ebiwonjumi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Spatial Spread ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Economic Zones

The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) now known as Covid-19 was first detected in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. The disease rapidly spread to other cities in China and to other parts of the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the contribution which the economic zones and movement of people into the country and from city to city and State to State within the country have on the spread of the disease in Nigeria. Data of the daily update of Covid-19 occurrence in Nigeria as given by the NCDC Covid-19 Situation report were assembled. The data of the first index in each State between February 27 and March 28, 2020 with the status of whether they were from foreign travel or from within the community was compiled. The results show that economic zones and human movement contribute to the early spread of the disease. The initial spatial spread in Nigeria was observed to follow closely behind the test laboratory distribution pattern. This may suggest that samples from the locations far from the laboratories were not obtained, hence the suggestion for early aggressive country-wide-large scale testing to cover almost everyone should be started very early before the spread is everywhere. The test labs should cover the whole country with the tests made free and mandatory to encourage and force people to come out for it and the restriction protocols should strictly be adhered to. The boarders of the country should be closed early to stop further import of the disease from the high risk countries. When the airports are later re-opened, they should not be to the high-risk countries of the disease. There is also a need for a national policy on responding to and managing any future public health crisis such as Covid-19 pandemic before its occurrence. This policy will help the government to know what to start doing quickly when there is any occurrence. Government should also look inward to mobilize the scientists inside the country by providing research grants purposely to combat the pandemic. Such grants will enable our scientists to make their contribution in addition to the ones made by the scientists outside the country.

scholarly journals The Senate Reference: Constitutional Change and Democracy

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-761
Author(s):  
Yasmin Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Term Limits ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

The Senate Reference is ultimately a decision about how democratic decision making ought to be conducted when the role and function of fundamental democratic institutions are themselves at stake. This case stands for the idea that unilateral decision making by Parliament is not permitted even if from a substantive standpoint the government’s proposals are “more democratic” than the status quo. Consultative elections and senatorial term limits, for example, would arguably make the Senate a more representative and accountable body. Yet the Court held that such changes are subject to the Constitution’s general amending formula, which means that Parliament cannot implement these changes on its own. This article suggests that the Court’s interpretation of the amending procedures is based upon a deeper democratic commitment to ensuring dialogue and deliberation between and among the relevant stakeholders. The Court’s approach has benefits and drawbacks. By setting itself up as the exclusive arbiter of the Constitution’s “internal architecture” and the primary decision-maker as to what constitutes an institution’s “fundamental role and nature”, the Court has enhanced its own authority over the evolution of the constitutional order while significantly narrowing the possibilities for constitutional change. While the Court’s approach has the undeniable effect of making large-scale institutional reform difficult (if not impossible), the alternative is arguably worse. If it were possible for the government to unilaterally reform democratic institutions, then it could unilaterally reform them in an anti-democratic direction as well.

scholarly journals Grant support for the development of peasant farms: the experience of the Trans-Baikal Territory and key problems

2022 ◽  
Vol 962 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
A M Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Current State ◽  
Grant Support ◽  
The Status ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
The Government

Abstract The article considers the current state of small and medium-sized businesses in rural areas of the Trans-Baikal Territory. In the region, the largest share of agricultural products produced falls on the personal subsidiary farms, while there is a destruction of large-scale commodity production, evidenced by a decrease in the number of agricultural enterprises and organizations. Presently, the Government of the Trans-Baikal Territory is interested in transforming personal subsidiary farms into the status of peasant farms, since they are able to ensure more efficient functioning of small forms of farms. Special attention is paid to the state support of small farms in the region. In the course of the study, the problems of the effectiveness of the use of state support for small forms of management were identified. The priority direction of state support is grant subsidization of peasant farms, while the distribution of grants in the context of municipal districts of the region is uneven. In general, the mechanism of grant support for peasant farms is effective only for areas of the region where animal husbandry traditionally constitutes the basis of agriculture. There are also problems associated with excessive requirements for obtaining grants and insufficient consulting assistance from potential grantees.

scholarly journals The Penta Helix Model of Innovation in Oman: An HEI Perspective

10.28945/3735 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alrence S Halibas ◽  
Rowena Ocier Sibayan ◽  
Rolou Lyn Maata
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Innovation Network ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
Key Players ◽  
The Status ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
The Government ◽  
Innovation Practices

Aim/Purpose: Countries today strategically pursue regional development and economic diversification to compete in the world market. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are at the crux of this political strategy. The paper reviews how HEIs can propel regional socio-economic growth and development by way of research innovation and entrepreneurship. Background: Offering an academic perspective about the role of HEIs using the Penta Helix innovation network for business and social innovation, the paper discusses opportunities and challenges in gestating an innovation culture. It likewise seeks, identifies and details strategies and workable programs. Methodology: Best-practice innovation campaigns initiated by Omani HEIs in collaboration with capstone programs organized by the government were parsed from selected local and international literature. The study includes a causal analysis of innovation information contained in 40 out of 44 published OAAA Quality Audit reports about HEIs from 2009 to 2016. The best-practice programs serve as success indicators and will be used as a field metric effect a Penta Helix blueprint for innovation. Contribution: The paper discusses how HEIs can engender, nurture, drive, and sustain innovation and entrepreneurial activity by using an innovation strategic blueprint like the Penta Helix model. It gathers together the recent historical attempts at promoting innovation by HEIs. It likewise suggests the creation of a network channel to allow key players in the innovation network to share innovation information and to collaborate with each other. Furthermore, it contributes to the development of innovation culture in HEIs. Findings: Expectations run high in academia. For one, universities believe that all innovations embryonically begin within their halls. Universities–too–believe it is naturally incumbent on them to stimulate and advance innovation despite that most innovation programs are initiated by the government in Oman. HEI engagement is perceivably still weak. HEIs have yet to come out as a strong leading force in promoting systems of innovation. There is clear awareness of the need to adopt leading-edge practices in innovation strategy and management, curriculum and assessment, staff support and reward systems, funding and ICT infrastructure, research commercialization and IP management, and community engagement. Recommendations for Practitioners: There is need to conduct more in-depth analyses about the synergy and partnerships between key players of the Penta Helix model. A large-scale survey will help completely reveal the status and impact of innovation practices in the region and among HEIs. Recommendation for Researchers: There is need to conduct more in-depth analyses about the synergy and partnerships between key players of the Penta Helix model. A large-scale survey will help completely reveal the status and impact of innovation practices in the region and among HEIs. Impact on Society: The paper hopes to influence policy. It fully intends to convince policymakers increase the adoption of strategic interventions. The paper is not a theoretical description of the problem. It suggests several concrete courses of action. Future Research: The paper has seen the need to measure the effectiveness of the current innovation practices among key players in the innovation network and how these practices advance Oman’s knowledge economy. We propose a Likert-based bottom-up engagement metric.

scholarly journals The Processes of Adaptation and Employment of Migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan in the Russian Federation (1991-2019)

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
S.F. Nazarshoeva ◽  
Kh.M. Mirzamonzoda ◽  
Kh.Kh. Davlatov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to the processes of adaptation and employment of migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan in the Russian Federation from 1991up to 2019. The author applied the conditional division of this period into two stages — from 1991up to 2000 and from 2001 up to the present time — according to the quantitative and qualitative differences that characterize each stage. Within the frameworks of both stages, historical, sociocultural and legal factors that influence the processes of adaptation and employment of Tajik migrants in the Russian Federation are analyzed. At the end, it is concluded that from 1991 to the present moment these processes have undergone a complex evolution. A negative impact on these processes is noted, exerted by the lack of large-scale domestic proj ects and programs aimed at helping and supporting labor migrants, as well as by imperfections in the migration legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Russian Federation. However, the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan understands the need for cooperation with the Russian Federation in order to streamline the status of labor migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan in the Russian Federation and their protection, readiness for this cooperation, the officially expressed position of the Government of the Russian Federation, active work carried out in this direction by the Russian Federation of Migrants, and also by Tajik public organizations and human rights defenders, in general, indicate a positive trend in the decision to problems that impede the processes of adaptation and employment of migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan on the territory of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Advocacy and Legal Aid During Covid-19 Pandemic: How Indonesia Survives?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galuh Dwi Novanda
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Disaster ◽  
The Impact

The spread of the corona virus or better known as covid-19 in Indonesia is a serious matter that needs to be dealt with immediately considering the number of victims caused by the virus that was first discovered in Wuhan. As in mid-March, after the first death in Indonesia due to the corona virus and the designation of the catastrophic virus as a global pandemic by WHO or the World Health Organization, this indicates that the government must be tougher in controlling corona virus transmission in Indonesia. Even since March 15, 2020 Indonesia has determined the status of the co-19 distribution as a national disaster. The implications of the outbreak of the pandemic are the impact on problems both in the health and economic fields. In connection with health issues, the Indonesian government itself has established a public health emergency as stated in the Decree of the Head of the National Disaster Management Agency. This is as stated in Article 10 of Law Number 6 Year 2018 on Health Outrageousness as seems to be a lockdown consideration, there are large-scale social restrictions which are clearly evident in article 59 paragraph (2) which includes the consolation of schools and workplaces, restrictions on religious activities and / or restrictions on activities at public places or facilities.

Land Use Change and Commodity Frontiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Cáceres ◽  
Esteban Tapella ◽  
Diego A. Cabrol ◽  
Lucrecia Estigarribia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Management Recommendations

Argentina is experiencing an expansion of soya and maize cultivation that is pushing the agricultural frontier over areas formerly occupied by native Chaco forest. Subsistance farmers use this dry forest to raise goats and cattle and to obtain a broad range of goods and services. Thus, two very different and non-compatible land uses are in dispute. On the one hand subsistance farmers fostering an extensive and diversified forest use, on the other hand, large-scale producers who need to clear out the forest to sow annual crops in order to appropriate soil fertility. First, the paper looks at how these social actors perceive Chaco forest, what their interests are, and what kind of values they attach to it. Second, we analyze the social-environmental conflicts that arise among actors in order to appropriate forest’s benefits. Special attention is paid to the role played by the government in relation to: (a) how does it respond to the demands of the different sectors; and (b) how it deals with the management recommendations produced by scientists carrying out social and ecological research. To put these ideas at test we focus on a case study located in Western Córdoba (Argentina), where industrial agriculture is expanding at a fast pace, and where social actors’ interests are generating a series of disputes and conflicts. Drawing upon field work, the paper shows how power alliances between economic and political powers, use the institutional framework of the State in their own benefit, disregarding wider environmental and social costs. 

Hukum Denda dalam Keuangan Publik Islam di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-328
Author(s):  
Fathul Aminudin Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

Fines are sanctions or punishments that are applied in the form of the obligation to pay a sum of money imposed on the denial of a number of agreements previously agreed upon. There is debate over the status of fines in Islamic law. Some argue that fines may not be used, and some argue that they may be used. In the context of fines for delays in payment of taxes, in fiqh law it can be analogous to ta'zir bi al-tamlīk (punishment for ownership). This can be justified if the tax obligations have met the requirements. Whereas according to Islamic teachings, fines can be categorized as acts in order to obey government orders as taught in the hadith, and in order to contribute to the realization of mutual benefit in the life of the state. As for the amount of the fine, the government cannot arbitrarily determine fines that are too large to burden the people. Penalties are applied as a message of reprimand and as a means to cover the lack of the state budget.

The Validity of Rector�s Circular Letter on the Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fradhana Putra Disantara
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Circular Letter ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

This study aims to analyze the relevance of the �health emergency� status to the existing legal theory and condition as well as to identify the validity of the Circular Letter of the Rector of State Universities. To this end, this study applied the statute and conceptual approach. The study was conducted by inventorying primary and secondary legal materials to obtain a proper and critical review of the legal issues under study. The results showed that the determination of the �health emergency� status by the government was inappropriate due to the uncertainty of the regulations issued by the government to determine the current condition. Thus, the status of the COVID-19 pandemic is a �legal emergency� status. Further, the Rector�s policy through the Circular Letter is valid judicially, sociologically, and philosophically. The determination of the �legal emergency� status can be done by issuing a Perppu without a �state of emergency� from the President. Finally, it is suggested to firstly get an approval from the Ministry of Education and Culture regarding the issuance of the Rector�s Circular Letter. Besides, further study is needed as this study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic.�Keabsahan Surat Edaran Rektor Perguruan Tinggi dalam Pandemi Covid-19Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa relevansi status �darurat kesehatan� dengan teori hukum dan kondisi yang ada dan keabsahan atas Surat Edaran Rektor Perguruan Tinggi Negeri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statute approach dan conseptual approach. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menginventarisasi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, guna mendapatkan kajian yang seyogianya dan telaah kritis terkait isu hukum. Hasil penelitian menyatakan penetapan status darurat kesehatan oleh pemerintah kurang tepat, dikarenakan tidak menentu-nya peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah untuk menetapkan kondisi saat ini. Sehingga, status pandemi COVID-19 merupakan status darurat hukum. Kebijakan rektor melalui Surat Edaran adalah absah secara aspek yuridis, sosiologis, dan filosofis. Penetapan darurat hukum cukup dilakukan dengan menerbitkan Perppu tanpa pernyataan darurat dari Presiden. Saran peneliti adalah di perlukan persetujuan pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan terkait terbitnya Surat Edaran Rektor, dan dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut dikarenakan penelitian ini dilakukan pada masa COVID-19 yang bersifat temporal.�

Financial and Economic Support of Innovation Processes in the Russian Fuel and Energy Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
L. D. Kapranova ◽  
T. V. Pogodina
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the current state of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) that ensures generation of a significant part of the budget and the innovative development of the economy.The purpose of the research was to establish priority directions for the development of the FEC sectors based on a comprehensive analysis of their innovative and investment activities. The dynamics of investment in the fuel and energy sector are considered. It is noted that large-scale modernization of the fuel and energy complex requires substantial investment and support from the government. The results of the government programs of corporate innovative development are analyzed. The results of the research identified innovative development priorities in the power, oil, gas and coal sectors of the fuel and energy complex. The most promising areas of innovative development in the oil and gas sector are the technologies of enhanced oil recovery; the development of hard-to-recover oil reserves; the production of liquefied natural gas and its transportation. In the power sector, the prospective areas are activities aimed at improving the performance reliability of the national energy systems and the introduction of digital technologies. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the innovation activities in the fuel and energy complex primarily include the development of new technologies, modernization of the FEC technical base; adoption of state-of-the-art methods of coal mining and oil recovery; creating favorable economic conditions for industrial extraction of hard-to-recover reserves; transition to carbon-free fuel sources and energy carriers that can reduce energy consumption and cost as well as reducing the negative FEC impact on the environment.

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