The Ending of the Slave Trade and the Evolution of European Scientific Racism

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seymour Drescher
Keyword(s):  
Slave Trade ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
The Third ◽  
The People ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Geographical Scope

How might a discussion of the ending of the Atlantic slave trade in relation to the development of European racism illuminate the question of who gained and who lost? The question can be approached at three levels. The first concerns the degree to which the racial attitudes of Europeans were affected by the process of termination. The second would be how the people of Europe and of Afro-America were affected by the termination itself. The third and broadest aspect would be the long-term effects of that complex process. It seems to me that the answers become more speculative as the scope of potential impact broadens, as the discussion moves from a concern with attitudes and ideology to social conditions, as the geographical scope broadens, and as the temporal dimension to be considered expands to encompass the twentieth century. The first level, the relation of the processes of abolition to racism, is the primary focus of this paper; a few brief remarks on the second and third issues are reserved for the conclusion.

scholarly journals The long-term effects of modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors of stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4626
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Hassan ◽  
Asala M. Wafa ◽  
Manea S. Alosaimi ◽  
Kawthar A. Bokari ◽  
Mosab A. Alsobhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

Stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease causes high mortality and morbidity in people around the world. Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability. The largest country in the middle East, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), has been occupying approximately four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula supporting a population of more than 28 million. Stroke is getting to be a quickly expanding issue and is the leading cause of illness and deaths in Saudi Arabia. It is clear that researches and studies regarding the incidence, prevalence and their sociodemographic properties of stroke is still incomplete due to lack of present studies being conducted in these specified areas. This article aims to discuss the aspect of stroke in Saudi Arabia beside the effects of modifiable and the non-modifiable risk factors from the literature published. 

WHAT IF PAUL HAD TRAVELLED EAST RATHER THAN WEST?

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bauckham
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
First Century ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Geographical Scope ◽  
North And South

AbstractFor first-century Jews the eastern disapora was at least as important as the western. When Paul returned from Arabia (Nabatea) to Damascus, his intention was to travel east from Damascus to Mesopotamia, where the synagogue communities, descendants of the original exiles of both northern and southern tribes of Israel, would have been his starting point for mission to the Gentiles of the area. But when he escaped arrest by the Nabatean ethnarc, Nabatean control of the trade routes south and east of Damascus left him no choice but to travel to Jerusalem, where he re-thought the geographical scope of his mission. Had Paul travelled east, the Christian communities of both north and south Mesopotamia might have flourished already in the first century and Paul's writings might have had more influence on Syriac theology. Considering how Christianity in the Roman Empire would have developed without Paul entails rejecting such exaggerated views of Paul's significance as that Paul invented Christianity or that without Paul Christianity would have remained a Jewish sect. The Gentile mission began without Paul and took place in areas, such as Rome and Egypt, which were not evangelized by Paul. Without Paul much would have been different about the way the early Christian movement would have spread across the Roman Empire, but it would still have spread, with much the same long-term effects.

The Atlantic Slave Trade and its Lasting Impact

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Wasiq Khan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Slave Labor ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
Economic Motives ◽  
Second World

This chapter describes aspects of the transatlantic slave trade specific to regions that now comprise Nigeria and provides a review of academic research since the Second World War on the causes, effects, and character of the trade. Because of its volume, duration, and destabilizing effects, the trade had a profound impact on Nigeria’s political and economic evolution. Modern scholarship has centered around five recurring questions: How large was the trade? How efficient and productive was slave labor relative to free labor? Did the trade catalyze the Industrial Revolution in England? Did the trade retard the long-term economic development of Africa? Why did Africa, as opposed to many other potential source regions, become the New World’s primary provider of slave labor? Despite decades of research and scholarly debate, questions about the economic motives for the transatlantic trade and its long-term effects on Africa’s development remain unsettled.

AN APPEAL TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE U.S.S.R. SUPREME SOVIET

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-581
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Military Systems ◽  
Simple Error

The growing threat of thermonuclear war and the continued development and proliferation of nuclear weapons have compelled us as physicians to examine in detail the consequences such a war would have on the people of our nations and of the world, whose health and survival are our professional commitment. During the past several days, physicians and scientists from 31 countries have gathered to consider relevant data on the immediate and long term effects of a nuclear conflict. We were unanimous in concluding that: . . . The growth in sheer numbers of nuclear weapons and the increasing complexity and sophistication of delivery systems increase the possibility that a nuclear conflict may be triggered by tragic accident. Physicians are aware from their daily work that technologic systems are liable to malfunction and that human performance may fail because of mental derangement or even simple error. Whereas such failures in medicine may jeopardise a single life, the malfunctioning of military systems may now endanger the existence of humanity....

Maintenance of Psychophysiological Changes in Feeling Therapy

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1143-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Karle ◽  
Richard Corriere ◽  
Joseph Hart ◽  
Stephen Gold ◽  
Christopher Maple ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Temperature Pulse ◽  
The Third ◽  
Therapy Sessions

This was the third in a series of studies on the psychophysiological effects of psychotherapy. Two earlier studies have suggested a more relaxed physiological state as measured by body temperature, pulse, and blood pressure taken immediately following therapy sessions. This study investigated the maintenance of these changes over a 10-day period among a group of 5 experienced and 5 inexperienced patients in Feeling Therapy. While neither group was able to sustain the large drops in physiological parameters which followed therapeutic sessions, the experienced patients evidenced a considerably lower level on every parameter throughout the study, suggesting possible long-term effects of this type of therapy.

scholarly journals Advanced brain injury Neuroprotection therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sathik R T ◽  
Thanish K
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The People

Head injury typically talks about to TBI, but is a larger category because it can includeinjury to assemblies other than the intelligence, such as the scalp and skull. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) disturbs a rising portion of the people and endures to take national attention with early payment in imaging equipment and in debt of long-term effects. TBI is a most important cause of death and failure to wide-reaching, specifically in teen-agers and undeveloped adults. Males withstand traumatic brain injuries additional habitually than do females. Though, there is great variance in TBI handlingprocedures due to injury inconsistency and absence of both automatousconsiderate and robust treatment references. In Recent years proposes three differenthandlingmethods, all which key purpose at cheering neuroprotection after that TBI, show possibilities: instantaneous hypothermia, hyperbaric oxygen, and progesterone enhancement. The investigation is provocative at times, yet there are profuseopenings to develop the knowledgebehind schedule hypothermia and hyperbaric oxygen therapy which would confidently aid in make straight the current data. Additionally, while progesterone has already been packaged in nanoparticle form it may benefit from continued formulation and managementinvestigation. The treatments and the opportunities for development isgo through in the present paper.

scholarly journals Structural Violence and Pakistan’s Health Situation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Structural Violence ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
The People ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Situation

Structural violence was first defined by Johan Galtung as “A form of violence wherein some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs”1 The concept has been studied extensively over the years and is considered as a major reason for strangled development in various resource limited settings around the world. The idea of structural violence implies that people in power fail to provide essential services for the people they are responsible for; this failure can be intentional or unintentional, nevertheless long-term effects influence the marginalized population adversely.2

scholarly journals The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Depression and Suicide Risk in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Stephanie H Gomez ◽  
◽  
Josephine Ridley ◽  
Silvia C Hernandez ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Impact

COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths continue to skyrocket across the world, leaving a trail of enduring psychological turmoil. It wreaks havoc on the physical, emotional, and cognitive health of those directly infected, as well as caretakers, friends, and families. Though the pandemic has at least indirectly impacted most people, older adults appear to be the most vulnerable to COVID-19-related deaths and little is known about the psychological consequences. Unfortunately, many of the precautions taken to minimize infections may have inadvertent negative consequences among older adults. Most recently, researchers have highlighted the need to focus both on preventing the illness and preventing the potential deleterious psychological sequelae of trying to survive a pandemic. In the present paper, past pandemics are examined to hypothesize the likely long-term effects that COVID-19 may have on depression and suicide risk in older adults and to provide guidance on strategies to mitigate the potential negative outcomes.

scholarly journals Using herbaria to study global environmental change

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L M Lang ◽  
Franziska M Willems ◽  
J F Scheepens ◽  
Hernán A Burbano ◽  
Oliver Bossdorf
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Global Change Research

During the last centuries, humans have transformed global ecosystems. With their temporal dimension, herbaria provide the otherwise scarce long-term data crucial to track ecological and evolutionary changes over these centuries of global change. The sheer size of herbaria, together with their increasing digitization and the possibility of sequencing DNA from the preserved plant material, makes them invaluable resources to understand ecological and evolutionary species responses to global environmental change. Following the chronology of global change, we highlight how herbaria can inform about long-term effects on plants of at least four of the main drivers of global change: pollution, habitat change, climate change, and invasive species. We summarize how herbarium specimens so far have been used in global change research, discuss future opportunities and challenges posed by the nature of these data, and advocate for an intensified use of these 'windows into the past' for global change research and beyond.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document