Adolescence in Jewish medieval society under Islam

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-281
Author(s):  
MIRIAM FRENKEL

Adolescent experience has been the subject of an intensive interdisciplinary discourse for the last century; a subject whose roots go back to the basic issue of ‘nature versus nurture’. In examining this topic in Jewish medieval society under Islam, an incongruity is revealed between the normative attitudes at the time and the reality. The normative attitudes, as exhibited in religious law (halakha) and in the moral literature represent man's life as a journey which peaks upon reaching full adulthood. The different stages of life along the way are acknowledged but they are perceived as subsidiary, sometimes even dangerous. But the reality does not concur: adolescents were far from invisible during this period. Indeed, their presence was prominent and reflected in the poetry and the prevailing images of youth from the time. Jewish society had developed an efficient system for socializing its adolescents, which included an apprenticeship system, higher education (the beit midrash) and early marriage.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Khalid Ayad ◽  
Khaoula Dobli Bennani ◽  
Mostafa Elhachloufi

The concept of governance has become ubiquitous since it is recognized as an important tool for improving quality in all aspects of higher education.In Morocco, few scientific articles have dealt with the subject of university governance. Therefore, we will present a general review of the evolution of governance through laws and reforms established by Moroccan Governments from 1975 to 2019. The purpose of the study is to detect the extent of the presence of university governance principles in these reforms.This study enriches the theoretical literature on the crisis of Moroccan university and opens the way to new empirical studies to better understand the perception of university governance concept in the Moroccan context and to improve the quality of higher education and subsequently the economic development of the country.The findings of this study show an increasing evolution of the presence of university governance principles in reforms and higher education laws.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Gustavo Josué López Ramírez ◽  
Adolfo Luis Rojas Tur

La Historia es una ciencia social y también una disciplina escolar, de ahí que sus principales problemas teóricos se reflejan en la manera de enseñar, lo que condiciona que las corrientes historiográficas influyan en la forma de concebir el curriculum de la asignatura. La teoría que sustenta a una determinada escuela histórica aporta su metodología, que redunda en el campo epistemológico, lo que supone cambios y afectaciones en los fundamentos científicos de la Historia y sus métodos. A la par, esa metodología de la ciencia llega de forma directa a la estructura didáctica de la asignatura, lo que tiene su explicación desde la relación de esta con la ciencia. En el contexto de la Educación Superior se suscita una interrogante de actualidad, ¿qué contenido histórico enseñar y aprender?, en tanto el estudiante ya ha transitado por el sistema de la educación general, en el que ha recibido diferentes contenidos históricos con diferentes niveles de gradación y corresponde a la universidad completar el ciclo de profundización en los contenidos históricos. En el artículo se reflexiona en torno a las problemáticas fundamentales que enfrenta la enseñanza de la Historia en el contexto universitario, desde la perspectiva de una Historia holística, multidimensional y pluricausal, protagonizada por actores individuales y colectivos, en una dimensión temporal y espacial específica.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Historia; enseñanza de la Historia; Educación Superior. CHALLENGES TO TEACH HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY CONTEXT ABSTRACT History is a social science and also a school discipline, hence its main theoretical problems are reflected in the way of teaching, which conditions the historiographical influence the way of conceiving the curriculum of the subject. The theory behind a particular historical school provides its methodology, resulting in the epistemological field, representing changes and effects on the scientific basis of history and its methods. At the same time, the methodology of science comes directly to the educational structure of the subject form, which can be explained from the relation of this science. In the context of the Higher Education questioningly current arises, what to teach and learn historical content ?, while the student has already gone through the general education system, which has received different historical content with different levels gradation and corresponds to the university to complete the cycle of deepening the historical contents. In the article it reflects on the fundamental issues facing the teaching of history in the university context, from the perspective of a holistic, multidimensional and pluricausal story featuring individual and collective actors in a specific temporal and spatial dimension. KEYWORDS: History; history teaching; Higher Education.


1970 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Hermanowicz Joseph C. Hermanowicz

The present work represents an extrapolation of Wiliam I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki’s study, The Polish Peasant in Europe and America, on behalf of the development of sociological theory. The subject consists of careers and institutions in higher education. The curriculum vitae serves as the novel human document by which to investigate both social and personal change. Academic careers are studied by virtue of their objective and subjective dimensions. Objectively, the institution of education is revealed for the shifting expectations that govern work in academia in specific historical times (indicated by the cohort in which academics earned their Ph.D.s) and in specific socially bound places (indicated by the type of university in which academics work). Major social change in education likely spells personal change for the way in which people subjectively experience the contemporary academic career. The data come from U.S.-based academics; parallel transformational changes are observable globally. The global change discussed in the work centers on diffusion and institutionalization of the research role. The sources and consequences of this change are problematic. Akin to Thomas and Znaniecki’s larger analytic aims, patterns of change are used inductively to formulate theory: the paper culminates by postulating a theory of increasing tendencies in the way knowledge is produced in higher education institutions throughout the world.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Arshad Ahamad ◽  

The goal of many mathematicians since the dawn of time has been to apply mathematics to practical applications and to also derive the mathematics behind many everyday things. Although we seldom have such pursuits, many everyday things have been affected by the principles of math. And things like the internet, run on fundamental mathematics principles, and hardly any credit is given to the subject. This paper aims to uncover contributions of everyday Math in the working of the internet. From encryption and decryption all the way to how search engines to index various web pages online, if one looks hard enough, concepts related to mathematics are bound to pop up. This paper also sheds light on various concepts taught in higher education that are often forgotten and only treated as something solely scholastic, but in reality, has a lot of applications in real life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
V.I. Fedorchenko ◽  
V.P. Polanska ◽  
S.V. Zachepylo ◽  
N.O. Bobrova ◽  
G.A. Loban

Teaching microbiology, virology, and immunology subject in a medical school has traditionally been conducted without the use of online technologies. Consequently, the changes in the way stakeholders interact need to be analyzed. The purpose of the article is an analysis of the experience that was performed on how the course of microbiology, virology, and immunology was taught online in coronavirus quarantine conditions of 2020. Authors have determined the main problems in achieving by higher education seekers the proper level of theoretical knowledge, some of the practical skills and abilities that have arisen because of the change in the form of practical classes and lectures. The positive aspects of this unpredictable experiment were noted in the way of teaching the discipline. This subject involves higher education seekers gaining a significant amount of sensory and motor skills. Moreover, the subject has a large fragment of theoretical knowledge, which consists of empirical data of the infectious diseases pathogens properties, methods of their study for microbiological diagnosis; the structure of pathogens, which is necessary for understanding the directions of etiotropic therapy of infectious diseases; biological and antigenic properties to assess the possibilities of specific prevention and treatment of diseases; the resistance of pathogens to external factors in order to understand the peculiarities of the epidemiology of each disease and the possibilities of its specific prevention. Higher education seekers must also learn the structure of the human immune system, to study the mechanisms of its functioning. Finally, a complex of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and abilities should be built. These achievements were analyzed in this article to assess the prospects for modernization of the educational process in the subject. The situation was problematic with the teaching of this subject online in quarantine. But the benefits are that it was at the same time a discovery in the use of new digital technologies accumulated by civilization in the educational process in such traditionally classical areas of education as teaching microbiology, virology, and immunology course in medical higher educational institutions.


Author(s):  
João Paulo Leal

To construct external examinations is a complex and very serious matter. It is necessary time and the contribution of many people with complementary skills, who are specialists in various subjects (scientific, pedagogical and technical ones). Despite all this effort, a test always depends on many small factors. Small changes in quotations, the way one asks a question or the type of question chosen can have very marked effects in the grades of a test. Whatever the subject in analysis the fundamental question is: what are the national examinations for? If the examinations are to be the end of a cycle, i.e. the completion of secondary education, the way questions are placed and the distribution of quotations must follow a certain pattern if the examinations are meant to select students to access higher education the approaches to assume will be completely different. The option of using national exams as a way of select students to access higher education has been hijacking teachers who increasingly feel pressure to prepare students for exams instead of providing students with knowledge and skills. Universities and Polytechnics should assume their responsibilities and, in coordination with the Ministry of Education, take the initiative to select the students for Higher Education by releasing the national exams to fulfill their task, certifying the end of a cycle.


Author(s):  
Helena Ifill

This book explores the range of ways in which the two leading sensation authors of the 1860s, Mary Elizabeth Braddon and Wilkie Collins, engaged with nineteenth-century ideas about how the personality is formed and the extent to which it can be influenced either by the subject or by others. Innovative readings of Braddon’s and Collins’s sensation novels – some of them canonical, others less well-known – demonstrate how they reflect, employ, and challenge Victorian theories of heredity, degeneration, willpower, inherent constitution, education, insanity, upbringing and social circumstance. Far from presenting a reductive depiction of ‘nature’ versus ‘nurture’, Braddon and Collins show the creation of character to be a complex interplay of internal and external factors that are as much reliant on chance as on the efforts of the people who try to exert control over an individual’s development. Their works raise challenging questions about responsibility and self-determinism and, as the analyses of these texts reveals, demonstrate an acute awareness that the way in which character formation is understood fundamentally influences the way people (both in fiction and reality) are perceived, judged and treated. Drawing on material from a variety of genres, including Victorian medical textbooks, scientific and sociological treatises, specialist and popular periodical literature, Creating character shows how sensation authors situated themselves at the intersections of established and developing, conservative and radical, learned and sensationalist thought about how identity could be made and modified.


2013 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang

This paper focuses on the understanding of service quality in the context of Vietnamese universities. It proposes an approach for measuring the quality of the higher education service provided by universities in Vietnam. Firstly, an exploratory study was conducted. Then, the set of items which were generated became the subject of a questionnaire that was then administered to 675 students of a Vietnamese university to determine the dimensions of higher education service quality in this context. The obtained results permit us to appropriate a measurement scale which is slightly different from the SERVQUAL scale widely known as the standard for measuring service quality. The results also show that tangible elements, responsiveness and assurance seem to be three specific dimensions of the higher education service of Vietnamese universities.


Author(s):  
Dita Masyitah Sianipar And Sumarsih

This study deals with the way to improve students’ achievement in speaking particularly through Two Stay Two Stray Strategy. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of of the research was class X-AP SMK Swasta Harapan Danau Sijabut in Asahan Regency that consisted of 34 students. The research was conducted in two cycles consisted of three meetings in each cycle. The instruments of collecting data for quantitative data used Speaking Test and instrument for analysis of qualitative data used observation, interview and questionnaire sheet. Based on the speaking test score, students’ score kept improving in every test. In the test I the mean was 61,47, in the test II the mean was 67,41 and the test III the mean was 78,52. Based on observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that teaching learning process run well and lively. Students were active and interest in speaking. The using of Two Stay Two Stray Strategy is significantly improved students’ achievement in speaking.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Popov

This review is devoted to the monograph by Jan Nedvěd “We do not decline our heads. The events of the year 1968 in Karlovy Vary”. The Karlovy Vary municipal museum coincided its publishing with the fiftieth anniversary of the Prague spring which, considering the way of the presentation, turned the book not only to scientific event but also to the social one. The book describes sociopolitical trends in the region before the year 1968, the development of the reformist movement, the invasion and advance of the armies of the Warsaw Pact countries, and finally the decline of the reformist mood and the beginning of the normalization. Working on his writing, the author deeply studied the materials of the local archive and gathered the unique selection of the photographs depicting the passage of the soviet army through the spa town and the protest actions of its inhabitants. In the meantime, Nedvěd takes undue freedom with scientific terms, and his selection of historiography raises questions. The author bases his research on the Czech papers and scarcely uses the books of Russian origin. He also did not study the subject of the participating of the GDR’s army in the operation Danube, although these troops were concentrated on the borders of Karlovy Vary region as well. Because of this decision, there are no materials from German archives or historiography in the monograph. In general, the work lacks the width of studying its subject, but it definitively accomplishes the task of depicting the Prague spring from the regional perspective.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document