Effects of feeding level and sex on fat deposition and serum cholesterol in growing pigs

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 138-138
Author(s):  
J.A. Taylor ◽  
D.N. Salter ◽  
W.H. Close ◽  
G.H. Laswai
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Hypercholesterolemic Diet ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Entire Male

Previous experiments at Shinfield (Taylor, Salter and Lister, 1990) have shown an association between serum cholesterol and carcass fatness. This was particularly marked when cholesterol levels had been altered through feeding a hypercholesterolemic diet. In the present experiment, serum cholesterol and fat deposition have been studied in entire and castrated pigs at different planes of nutrition and stages of growth.In a 2 x 2 factorial experiment (Taylor, Salter, Close, Laswai and Hudson, 1990) 18 castrated and 18 entire male pigs, of initial weight 20 kg, were fed either 2.25 (Low) or 3.4 (High) x maintenance energy requirements, to a scale based on liveweight. Nitrogen and energy balances (including calorimetry) were measured over 7-day periods when the pigs reached approximately 30, 60 and 90 kg. Fasting blood samples were taken on the morning after each balance period and serum was analysed for total- and HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol. LDL-cholesterol was calculated as: Total cholesterol - HDL-cholesterol - (triacylglycerol/6). Fat deposition was calculated as the difference between total energy retention and energy retained as protein.

Energy utilization in the laying hen in relation to ambient temperature

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Davis ◽  
O. E. M. Hassan ◽  
A. H. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Thermoneutral Zone ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Energy Balances

SummaryEnergy balances have been determined, using the comparative slaughter procedure, over 3-week periods on groups of laying hens kept at ambient temperatures of 7·2, 15·6, 23·9, 29·4 and 35 °C.Energy intake declined as the environment became warmer (kcal ME/kg¾/day = 203· 1·13°C); heat production, as measured by the difference between energy intake and energy retention, also declined with increasing ambient temperature (kcal/kg¾/day = 151 – 1·11°C). There was a linear relationship between heat production and ambient temperature with no thermoneutral zone or critical temperature.The energy available for egg production remained almost constant at 50 kcal/kg¾/day equivalent to a rate of egg production of 82% at each ambient temperature.

scholarly journals Efek Bubuk Susu Kedelai terhadap Kadar Kolesterol LDL dan HDL Serum Wanita Perimenopause dengan Hiperkolesterolemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Kuntarti ◽  
Sri Sukmaniah ◽  
Sri Widia A. Jusman
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
Powder Consumption

Perimenopausal women is at risk of atherosclerosis as a result of the increase of LDL cholesterol level and the decrease of HDL cholesterol level.  Soy milk powder consumption may protect toward these risk factors. This purpose of study is to investigate the effects of 2x30 g/d soy milk flour for eight weeks on serum cholesterol LDL and HDL levels in hypercholesterolemic perimenopausal women. The 19 subjects received 2x30 g/d soy milk powder for eight weeks. LDL and HDL serum cholesterol levels were determined at 0, 4, 9 weeks. Dietary intakes were assesed using 1x24 hours food recall. Statistical analysis used t Test. After eight weeks intervention, Soy milk powder decreases significant (p0.05) LDL cholesterol levels at the 4th  week (8.59±17.31%), and the8th week (7.81±11.32%). Soy milk powder can’t increase HDL cholesterol levels at the 4th and 8th weeks significantly.  Soy milk decrease significant the ratio of LDL to HDL (7,03±16,82%) at the 4th week. Consuming soy milk powder 2 x 30 g/d during eight weeks can reduce the LDL cholesterol level and LDL/HDL ratio significantly.

PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
P. Lakshmi Bhavana ◽  
G. Lokendranath ◽  
G. Vijaya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Altered Lipid

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem with increasing incidence and prevalence. The annual mortality rate of patients undergoing dialysis is more than 20%. The leading causes of morbidity and mortality in CKD are cardiovascular diseases, primarily atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Dyslipidemia is a common complication of CKD. It is a signicant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Alteration in lipid prole correlates with declining glomerular ltration rate (GFR) and degree of proteinuria. AIM: Ÿ To identify the altered lipid prole in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ÿ To note the alterations in different lipoprotein fractions in chronic kidney disease patients. Ÿ To note the difference in lipid prole in CKD patients on conservative management and maintenance hemodialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Hospital-based observational Prospective study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Santhiram medical college, and general hospital for six months. Chronic kidney disease patients who are non-diabetic were taken for the study with informed and written consent taken from the patient. RESULTS: Plasma triglycerides(153.14±54.37mg/dl) were elevated, and plasma HDL (36±43.5mg/dl) was decreased in CKD patients. There is no signicant elevation of total cholesterol levels. On comparing lipid proles of CKD patients on conservative management and hemodialysis, there was a signicant increase in triglycerides in the hemodialysis group. CONCLUSION: Signicant elevation of triglycerides and VLDL was observed in patients of CKD on hemodialysis. Further, a reduced HDL cholesterol level was also observed in both conservative and hemodialysis groups of CKD patients. Dyslipidemia observed in Uremic patients may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis and further progression of chronic renal failure.

scholarly journals NIGELLA SATIVA (KALONJI)

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ANWAR BURIRO ◽  
MUHAMMAD TAYYAB ◽  
ALLAH DITTA
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

The increased level of LDL-c in the serum has a high risk and the increased serum HDL-c level has a low risk for the development of atherosclerosis. The effect of Nigella Sativa on levels of cholesterol fractions were determined in this study on rats. Methods: 24 albino rats of 08 weeks age having equal number of males and females were kept at optimum atmospheric condition. The blood samples were taken at the start and different control and experimental diets were given for 24 weeks. The experimental diets were added with Nigella Sativa as 30 mg/kg body weight. The blood samples were taken at the end of study. The blood samples drawn at the start and end of the study were estimated for serum cholesterol. The results of control and experimental groups were compared. Results: Total serum cholesterol in the control group showed increase from 8.3±3.30 to 13.96±9.3 at 24 weeks. The serum HDL cholesterol showed increase from 44.4±6.12 to 80.45±5.95 level at 24 weeks. The serum LDL cholesterol showed increase from 8.3±3.30 to 13.96±9.3 at 24 weeks. The total serum cholesterol in experimental group was increased from 76.9±6.5 to 117.5± 6.65 at 24 weeks. The serum HDL cholesterol levels was increased from 41.7±4.9 to 83.42±5.92 at 24 weeks as compared with control group. The LDL cholesterol levels were decreased from 12.7±6.9 to 8.5±7.8 at 24 weeks. Conclusions: This study shows significant decrease in serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and increase in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

scholarly journals Fat from dairy foods and ‘meat’ consumed within recommended levels is associated with favourable serum cholesterol levels in institutionalised older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusi Liu ◽  
Shirley Poon ◽  
Ego Seeman ◽  
David L. Hare ◽  
Minh Bui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

AbstractCVD is common in older adults. Consumption of ‘meat’ (beef, pork, lamb, game, poultry, seafood, eggs) and dairy foods (milk, cheese, yoghurt) is encouraged in older adults as these foods provide protein and nutrients such as essential fatty acids, Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamins A, D and B12 required for healthy ageing. However, these foods also contain saturated fats considered detrimental to cardiovascular health. To determine the effect of their consumption on CVD risk we assessed associations between fat intake from ‘meat’ and dairy foods and serum cholesterol levels in 226 aged-care residents (mean age 85·5 years, 70 % female). Dietary intake was determined over 2 d using visual estimation of plate waste. Fat content of foods was determined using nutrition analysis software (Xyris, Australia). Fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured, and the TC:HDL-cholesterol ratio calculated. Associations were determined using random-effect models adjusted for CVD risk factors using STATA/IC 13.0. Total fat and saturated fat from ‘meat’ and dairy foods were associated with higher serum HDL-cholesterol levels, and dairy fat intake and number of servings were associated with a lower TC:HDL-cholesterol ratio. Every 10 g higher intake of fat and saturated fat from dairy products, and each additional serving was associated with a −0·375 (95 % CI −0·574, −0·175; P = 0·0002), a −0·525 (95 % CI −0·834, −0·213; P = 0·001) and a −0·245 (95 % CI −0·458, −0·033; P = 0·024) lower TC:HDL-cholesterol ratio, respectively. Provision of dairy foods and ‘meat’ in recommended amounts to institutionalised older adults potentially improves intakes of key nutrients with limited detriment to cardiovascular health.

Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 and cholesterol in relation to protein and fat deposition in growing pigs

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Taylor ◽  
D. N. Salter ◽  
W. H. Close ◽  
G. H. Laswai
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Deposition

AbstractThe nutrient partitioning of growing pigs was altered through nutrition and castration in order to investigate the relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGFl) and protein deposition and serum cholesterol and fat deposition. In a 2 × 2 factorial experiment 18 entire and 18 castrated male pigs, of 20 kg initial live weight, were given either 2·25 (low) or 3·4 (high) times maintenance energy requirements to a scale based on live weight. Nitrogen and energy balances were measured over 7-day periods when the pigs reached about 30, 60 and 90 kg. Fasting blood samples were taken at each weight and serum was analysed for IGFl and insulin and total- and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. Protein and fat deposition, IGFl and cholesterol concentrations were higher for pigs given the high, as opposed to the low, feeding level. Protein deposition and IGFl concentrations were higher for entire males, as opposed to castrated males, whereas fat deposition and cholesterol concentrations were higher in castrated than in entire males. IGFl and protein deposition increased with age for entire but not for castrated males. Conversely, fat deposition increased with age in castrated but not in entire males. There was no effect of age on serum cholesterol. Serum IGFl was correlated with protein deposition at 30, 60 and 90 kg (r = 0·40, r = 0·63 and r = 0·67; P < 0·05, P < 0·002 and P < 0001 respectively, no. = 36). Serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol were correlated with fat deposition at 60 and 90 kg (r = 0·65 and r = 0·54; both P < 0·001 for total cholesterol; r = 0·66 and r = 0·50; both P < 0·001 for LDL-cholesterol). Insulin levels were similar for pigs in all treatment groups. It is concluded that serum IGFl and cholesterol may give a useful indication of protein and fat deposition in pigs of between 60 and 90 kg live weight.

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) in Diet Act as Protective Negotiator for Development of Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1127-1129
Author(s):  
A. R. Memon ◽  
M. Akram ◽  
U. Bhatti ◽  
A. S. Khan ◽  
K. Rani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin B3 ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Vitamin B3 (Niacin) is known to decrease LDL‐cholesterol, and triglycerides, and increase HDL‐cholesterol levels. The evidence of benefits with niacin monotherapy or add‐on to statin‐based therapy is controversial. Aim: To determine the effects of vitamin B3 with statins on lipid profile of patients of angina pectoris with dyslpidemia. Study Design: Randomized control trial study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Shaikha Fatima Institute of Nursing & Health Sciences (SFINHS), Lahore with collaboration of Cardiology OPD of Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st November 2019 to 31st January 2020. Methodology: Seventy four diagnosed cases of angina pectoris with dyslipidemia were recruited with age range from 30 to 50 years. They were divided into two groups; Group I contained 36 patients as controlled group which was given treatment of angina with Tab. Rovista (statin) 10mg at dinner for treatment of dyslipidemia and Group II contained 38 patients as case study group which was given treatment of angina with Tab. Rovista (statin) 10 mg at dinner and tablet Vitamin B3 500 mg with single OD dose at day time for treatment of dyslipidemia for 8 weeks. Results: The mean serum cholesterol levels at zero level (before the start of treatment) of group I was 244 mg/dl and group II was 246 mg/dl, LDL of group I was 169 mg/dl while group II was 170 mg/dl and HDL of group I was 20 mg/dl while group II was 19 mg/dl . After the treatment group I which taken only statins for treatment of dyslipidemia the mean serum cholesterol levels was 210 mg/dl, LDL was 144 mg/dl and HDL was 26 mg/dl while the mean values of group II (taken statin as well as vitamin B3) serum cholesterol level was 192 mg/dl, LDL was 122 mg/dl and HDL was 44 mg/dl. The results shown there were significant effects of statin therapy along with vitamin B3 on serum LDL and serum HDL levels. Conclusion: There were significant effects of statin therapy along with vitamin B3 on serum LDL and Serum HDL levels. Key Words: Vitamin B3, Serum Cholesterol, Serum LDL &HDL

scholarly journals Effects of soya-bean protein and casein on serum cholesterol levels in rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nagata ◽  
K. Imaizumi ◽  
M. Sugano
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Definite Pattern ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bean Protein

1. The effect of the soya-bean protein isolate and casein, both given 200 g/kg diet for 3–4 weeks, on serum cholesterol was compared in male rats.2. Soya-bean protein exerted a hypocholesteraemic effect only in a cholesterol-free low-fat (10 g maize oil/kg) diet, when the lowering action appeared independent of the strain of the rat or the feeding pattern. The results obtained with diets containing cholesterol or higher levels of fats or both showed no definite pattern of response.3. Although the decrease in serum cholesterol appeared greater in α-lipoprotiens than in β-lipoproteins, the proportion of the former to total cholesterol remained almost unchanged. The concentration of serum apo A-I was significantly lower in rats given the vegetable protein.4. Rats given soya-bean protein excreted significantly more neutral sterols.5. The serum amino acid pattern did not reflect the difference in dietary protein. Addition of cholesterol to the diets modified the serum aminogarm, the decrease in threonine being most marked in both protein groups.6. This study shows that the hypocholesteraemic action of soya-bean protein is easily modified by the type of diet.

EFFECT OF COW'S MILK FROM THE GOITRE ENDEMIA DISTRICT OF FINLAND ON THYROID FUNCTION

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (IV) ◽  
pp. 603-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Peltola ◽  
F.-E. Krusius
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Level ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT In order to elucidate the effect of a goitrogenic factor contained in milk collected in the goitre area of Finland, a series of rats was fed with milk from such a district and compared with a fully similar series fed with milk from a non-goitre area. After 1, 3, 5 and 11 weeks and 1 year the body weight, thyroid weight, thyroidal 131I uptake and serum cholesterol level of the animals in both series were determined. It was demonstrated that the thyroid of rats receiving milk from the goitre area increased much more rapidly in weight, beginning with the first week, than that of animals in the control series, the difference being statistically highly significant throughout the experiment. After the course of one year the difference was as much as twofold. The 131I uptake per weight unit of thyroid was decreased during 5 to 11 weeks in the rats receiving milk from the goitre area. The total thyroidal 131I uptake, however, showed an increasing tendency towards the end of the experiment in rats fed with milk from the goitre area, but only after one year the difference was statistically significant. In the body weight and serum cholesterol levels there were no detectable differences between the two series. This study indicates that the milk collected in a goitre area contained a goitrogen, probably of thiouracil- or thio-oxazolidone-type, the effect of which could not be eliminated by iodine ingestion in excess. The possibly decisive role of this factor in the pathogenesis of the goitre endemia in Finland is briefly discussed. Different pasturing habits of cattle in goitre and non-goitre districts may explain the occurrence of a goitrogenic factor in the milk in certain parts of the country.

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