Multi-dimensional microscopy and analysis

Our natural world is multi-dimensional in which the spatial coordinates of an object are, for a given moment of time, fixed relative to each other. These fixed points change, either very rapidly as in the case of most living material, or very slowly as with metals and rocks. The rates of change are influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, pressure, humidity and electromagnetic radiation.Sight together with the coupled neuro-physiological processes is the most powerful of our noninvasive senses for detecting, imaging and analysing what is happening in our environment. Our memory serves us reasonably well as a short term archiving mechanism. The images we see arise as a consequence of selective scattering and absorption of a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as it interacts with the specimen. We quickly learn how to interpret the information-rich images we are presented with in our daily life; we can perceive motion, minute changes in patterns and the three dimensional location of objects.

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Impact of cardiovascular embryology animations on short-term learning

AJP Advances in Physiology Education ◽

10.1152/advan.00121.2018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 55-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charity F. Upson-Taboas ◽

Ruben Montoya ◽

Valerie Dean O’Loughlin

Keyword(s):

User Satisfaction ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Human Anatomy ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Short Term ◽

Web Based ◽

Anatomy And Physiology ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Knowledge Gains ◽

Human Embryology

An understanding of human embryology is essential for students to better understand the subjects of human anatomy and physiology. However, human embryology is a challenging subject for many, since they must learn how anatomic structures and physiological processes develop over a period of time. Embryology texts typically use static, two-dimensional images to illustrate the dynamic three-dimensional developmental processes, making it difficult for a student to understand spatial relationships and sequential steps. To help students conceptualize these series of complex dynamic developmental events that occur over time, two of the authors and a graphic artist developed six web-based cardiovascular embryology animations and housed them on an Indiana University website. This research study examines knowledge gains and user satisfaction of students, faculty, and laypeople around the world who accessed these six website animations. Data collection spanned 6 yr, and pretest/posttest assessments (ranging from 4 to 7 multiple-choice questions each) were used to determine immediate knowledge gains of cardiovascular embryology. The total number of completed pretest/posttest assessments ranged from 555 to 1,449 per animation. The number of correct posttest scores was significantly improved over matched pretest scores (confidence interval range 1.3–3.2, depending on the animation, P < 0.001), suggesting the animations are useful for embryology learning (at least in the short term). Demographic and user satisfaction information was gathered with an anonymous survey at the end of each animation. Survey data from all animations indicated participants found the animations easy to use and very effective for their learning. This research highlights the positive impacts of web-based animations on learning complicated events of cardiovascular embryology.

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An Empirical Analysis of the Obtrusiveness of and Participants' Compliance with the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.23.4.248 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 248-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Matthias R. Mehl ◽

Shannon E. Holleran

Keyword(s):

Empirical Analysis ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Daily Life ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Data Confidentiality ◽

Short Term ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Two Samples ◽

Audio Recorder ◽

Term Monitoring

Abstract. In this article, the authors provide an empirical analysis of the obtrusiveness of and participants' compliance with a relatively new psychological ambulatory assessment method, called the electronically activated recorder or EAR. The EAR is a modified portable audio-recorder that periodically records snippets of ambient sounds from participants' daily environments. In tracking moment-to-moment ambient sounds, the EAR yields an acoustic log of a person's day as it unfolds. As a naturalistic observation sampling method, it provides an observer's account of daily life and is optimized for the assessment of audible aspects of participants' naturally-occurring social behaviors and interactions. Measures of self-reported and behaviorally-assessed EAR obtrusiveness and compliance were analyzed in two samples. After an initial 2-h period of relative obtrusiveness, participants habituated to wearing the EAR and perceived it as fairly unobtrusive both in a short-term (2 days, N = 96) and a longer-term (10-11 days, N = 11) monitoring. Compliance with the method was high both during the short-term and longer-term monitoring. Somewhat reduced compliance was identified over the weekend; this effect appears to be specific to student populations. Important privacy and data confidentiality considerations around the EAR method are discussed.

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Effectiveness Study of “occupational Connections”- a Short-term, In-patient Intervention for Promotion Functioning and Participation in Daily Life of People with Mental Health Conditions.

10.26226/morressier.5885d71ad462b8028d893018 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lena Lipskaya-Velikovsky

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Daily Life ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Effectiveness Study ◽

Short Term ◽

Mental Health Conditions

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Operational Model and its Validation with Drift Tests in Water Areas Around the Baltic Sea

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1994.019 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (2-3) ◽

pp. 293-308

Author(s):

J. Koponen ◽

M. Virtanen ◽

H. Vepsä ◽

E. Alasaarela

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Fast Response ◽

Velocity Measurements ◽

Short Term ◽

Large Lakes ◽

Operational Model ◽

Water Currents ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Sensitivity Tests ◽

The Baltic

Abstract Three-dimensional (3-D) mathematical models of water currents, transport, mixing, reaction kinetic, and interactions with bottom and air have been used in Finland regularly since 1982 and applied to about 40 cases in large lakes, inland seas and their coastal waters. In each case, model validity has been carefully tested with available flow velocity measurements, tracer studies and water quality observations. For operational use, i.e., for spill combatting and sea rescue, the models need fast response, proven validity and illustrative visualization. In 1987-90, validated models were implemented for operational use at five sea areas along the Finnish coast. Further validation was obtained in model applications from nine documented or arranged cases and from seven emergency situations. Sensitivity tests supplement short-term validation. In the Bothnian Sea, it was nescessary to start the calculation of water currents three days prior to the start of the experiment to reduce initial inaccuracies and to make the coastal transport estimates meaningful.

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A computational framework for modeling cell–matrix interactions in soft biological tissues

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology ◽

10.1007/s10237-021-01480-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonas F. Eichinger ◽

Maximilian J. Grill ◽

Iman Davoodi Kermani ◽

Roland C. Aydin ◽

Wolfgang A. Wall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Biological Tissues ◽

Computational Framework ◽

Cell Matrix ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Matrix Interactions ◽

Mechanical Homeostasis ◽

Cell Matrix Interactions ◽

Short Time

AbstractLiving soft tissues appear to promote the development and maintenance of a preferred mechanical state within a defined tolerance around a so-called set point. This phenomenon is often referred to as mechanical homeostasis. In contradiction to the prominent role of mechanical homeostasis in various (patho)physiological processes, its underlying micromechanical mechanisms acting on the level of individual cells and fibers remain poorly understood, especially how these mechanisms on the microscale lead to what we macroscopically call mechanical homeostasis. Here, we present a novel computational framework based on the finite element method that is constructed bottom up, that is, it models key mechanobiological mechanisms such as actin cytoskeleton contraction and molecular clutch behavior of individual cells interacting with a reconstructed three-dimensional extracellular fiber matrix. The framework reproduces many experimental observations regarding mechanical homeostasis on short time scales (hours), in which the deposition and degradation of extracellular matrix can largely be neglected. This model can serve as a systematic tool for future in silico studies of the origin of the numerous still unexplained experimental observations about mechanical homeostasis.

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Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Pattern Recognition of Synthetical Complete Earthquake Catalog

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4905

Author(s):

Chen Cao ◽

Xiangbin Wu ◽

Lizhi Yang ◽

Qian Zhang ◽

Xianying Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pattern Recognition ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Earthquake Risk ◽

Earthquake Activity ◽

Earthquake Catalog ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Earthquake Migration ◽

Long Short Term Memory

Exploring the spatiotemporal distribution of earthquake activity, especially earthquake migration of fault systems, can greatly to understand the basic mechanics of earthquakes and the assessment of earthquake risk. By establishing a three-dimensional strike-slip fault model, to derive the stress response and fault slip along the fault under regional stress conditions. Our study helps to create a long-term, complete earthquake catalog. We modelled Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks for pattern recognition of the synthetical earthquake catalog. The performance of the models was compared using the mean-square error (MSE). Our results showed clearly the application of LSTM showed a meaningful result of 0.08% in the MSE values. Our best model can predict the time and magnitude of the earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Mw = 6.5 with a similar clustering period. These results showed conclusively that applying LSTM in a spatiotemporal series prediction provides a potential application in the study of earthquake mechanics and forecasting of major earthquake events.

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Three dimensional echocardiography documents haemodynamic improvement by biventricular pacing in patients with severe heart failure

Heart ◽

10.1136/hrt.85.5.514 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 514-520

Author(s):

W Y Kim ◽

P Søgaard ◽

P T Mortensen ◽

H Kjærulf Jensen ◽

A Kirstein Pedersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Biventricular Pacing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Short Term ◽

Bundle Branch Block ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

Three Dimensional Echocardiography

OBJECTIVESTo quantify the short term haemodynamic effects of biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block by using three dimensional echocardiography.DESIGNThree dimensional echocardiography was performed in 15 consecutive heart failure patients (New York Heart Association functional class III or IV) with an implanted biventricular pacing system. Six minute walk tests were performed to investigate the effect of biventricular pacing on exercise capacity. Data were acquired at sinus rhythm and after short term (2–7 days) biventricular pacing.RESULTSCompared with baseline values, biventricular pacing significantly reduced left ventricular end diastolic volume (EDV) by mean (SD) 4.0 (5.1)% (p < 0.01) and end systolic volume (ESV) by 5.6 (6.4)% (p < 0.02). Mitral regurgitant fraction was significantly reduced by 11 (12.1)% (p < 0.003) and forward stroke volume (FSV) increased by 13.9 (18.6)% (p < 0.02). Exercise capacity was significantly improved with biventricular pacing by 48.4 (43.3)% (p < 0.00001). Regression analyses showed that the percentage increase in FSV independently predicted percentage improvement in walking distance (r2 = 0.73, p < 0.0002). Both basal QRS duration and QRS narrowing predicted pacing efficacy, showing a significant correlation with %ΔEDV, %ΔESV, and %ΔFSV.CONCLUSIONSIn five of 15 consecutive patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block, biventricular pacing induced a more than 15% increase in FSV, which predicted a more than 25% increase in walking distance and was accompanied by an immediate reduction in left ventricular chamber size and mitral regurgitation.

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The effects of short-term light exposure on subjective affect and comfort are dependent on the lighting time of day

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81182-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lijun Chen ◽

Fang-Fang Yan ◽

Shuhan Fan ◽

Yifan Wu ◽

Jia Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Role ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Daily Life ◽

Light Exposure ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Color Temperature ◽

Subjective Feeling ◽

Short Term ◽

Illuminance Level

AbstractLight, one of the key environmental components for both life and work, played significant role in subjective feelings (e.g. affect and comfort), but the exact effects and mechanisms were still to be determined. The present study screened thirty healthy adults (13 females, 22.45 ± 3.26 years) and examined subjective affect and comfort under short-term white lights with different combination of correlated color temperature (CCT) and illuminance at different times of day (e.g. morning, afternoon, and evening). Our results showed a significant interaction between illuminance level and time-of-day on subjective comfort. Participants felt more comfortable under 50 lx and 100 lx instead of 500 lx in the evening, and more comfortable under 500 lx in the morning and afternoon. In addition, a positive correlation between illuminance and comfort in the morning and a negative correlation between them in the evening were found. No significant effect of CCT on any subjective feeling was revealed. Our results necessitate the consideration of time-of-day in understanding lighting effects and application of healthy lighting in daily life.

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Three-dimensional stromatolites from Maastrichtian–Danian Yacoraite Formation, Argentina: modelling and assessing hydrodynamic controls on growth patterns

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756821000315 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Patricio Guillermo Villafañe ◽

Carlos Cónsole-Gonella ◽

Paolo Citton ◽

Ignacio Díaz-Martínez ◽

Silvina de Valais

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

External Morphology ◽

Water Dynamics ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Depositional Processes ◽

Run Off ◽

Internal Arrangement

Abstract Stromatolites are biogenic sedimentary structures formed by the interplay of biological (microbial composition) and environmental factors (local hydrodynamic conditions, clastic input and/or water chemistry). Well-preserved, three-dimensional (3D) fossil stromatolites are key to assessing the environmental factors controlling their growth and resulting morphology in space and time. Here, we report the detailed analysis of well-exposed, highly informative stromatolite build-ups from a single stratigraphic horizon within the Maastrichtian–Danian Yacoraite Formation (Argentina). This study focuses on the analysis of depositional processes driving intertidal to shallow subtidal stromatolites. Overall depositional architecture, external morphology and internal arrangement (mega, macro, meso and microstructures) of stromatolite build-ups were analysed and combined with 3D photogrammetric models, allowing us to decipher the links between stromatolite structure and tidal dynamics. Results suggest that external morphology and architecture of elongated and parallel clusters grew under the influence of run-off channels. The internal morphology exhibits columnar structures where the space between columns is interpreted as recharge or discharge channels. This work supports the theory that stromatolites can be used as a high-resolution tool in the assessment of water dynamics, and provides a new methodological approach and data for the dynamic reconstruction of intertidal stromatolite systems through the geological record.

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