Dyads and triads of abuse, bereavement and separation: a survey in children attending a child and family centre

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan Sheerin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Presentation Rate ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Parental Separation ◽  
Child Psychiatric ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectives: To determine the frequency with which abuse, parental separation and bereavement occur on their own or together in children attending child psychiatry services and to assess the relationship between these traumas and attendance and outcome.Method: A review of all case notes over a 12 month period (n = 435) was conducted and a proforma completed. Information was gathered on clinical presentation, rate of attendance, the presence of sexual abuse, non-sexual abuse including bullying, bereavement and parental separation and a measurement of outcome by subjective assessment was made.Results: Fifty-nine per cent of the children had experienced at least one of the specified traumas; 13% had experienced two and 2.5% had experienced three. The children who had been abused or bereaved were more likely to require fairly long-term work; those who were adjusting to parental separation required less intervention over time. The children who had been sexually abused had, relatively, the poorest outcome in contrast to those adjusting to bereavement where 87% were considered to have made significant improvement.Conclusions: Bereavement, abuse and parental separation are common in children referred to the child psychiatric services and these children often require long-term intervention. Increased resources will be required in order to continue to provide adequate intervention and treatment for these children.

Narratives of Mothers Whose Children Had Been Sexually Abused: Maternal Reactions and Comprehension Regarding Child and Adolescent Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052094852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francieli Sufredini ◽  
Carmen Leontina Ojeda Ocampo Moré ◽  
Scheila Krenkel ◽  
Maria Aparecida Crepaldi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Abuse ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Child and adolescent sexual abuse is considered to be a serious public health concern and a devastating form of violence with serious physical, mental, and behavioral consequences in the short and long term. This qualitative study aimed to identify maternal reactions to the disclosure of sexual violence and explore the comprehension regarding child and adolescent sexual abuse held by the mothers of child victims. Twelve mothers were interviewed, whose children had experienced a situation of sexual abuse and were receiving psychosocial care in a municipality in southern region of Brazil. The collected data were organized and analyzed using the principles of Grounded Theory with the Atlas.ti 7.5.7 software. From the analysis of the narratives, three main categories emerged: mothers with positive reactions, mothers with ambivalent reactions, and mothers with negative reactions. Mothers that presented positive reactions believed the report and supported their children, showing a comprehension that sexual abuse can occur in different ways and not only when there is penetration. The participants that had ambivalent reactions oscillated between maintaining or breaking off the relationship with the perpetrator of the violence, expressed initial disbelief regarding the report of the abused child, and had a comprehension that sexual abuse could be a form of affection. Mothers that had a negative reaction to the disclosure of abuse presented a contradictory narrative, minimizing the effects of the violence and placing the victims at fault regarding the abuse suffered. The importance of considering the possible relationships between the maternal comprehensions regarding child and adolescent sexual abuse and the reactions of these mothers during the professional intervention was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Maintaining business relationships: resilience through institutional work

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Tapani Ojansivu ◽  
Jan Hermes
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Maintenance ◽  
Historical Case Study ◽  
Business Relationships ◽  
Business Relationship ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Purpose Business relationships are considered long-term and stable. Furthermore, over time, business relationships are expected to become and remain “institutionalized”. The undertone is that this process is deterministic and inevitable. While the authors do not question the long-term nature of business relationships, they argue that the process of “institutionalization” requires more construct clarity. Consequently, they ask the following: What is the source of resilience in business relationships, and how are these relationships maintained over time? Design/methodology/approach To unravel these questions, the authors conducted an historical case study of a business relationship between a government buyer and a software seller extending over two decades. Findings The authors found that while the network around the business relationship is crumbling and all odds are in favor of relationship dissolution, the active maintenance work of key individuals in the relationship prevented detrimental effects and resulted in not only its continuation but also an increased degree of institutionalization. Research limitations/implications The authors contribute to the Industrial Network approach (INA) by providing a non-deterministic approach to the typically taken-for-granted end phase of business relationships. Practical implications The findings illustrate that the process of institutionalization is manageable but requires hard work, highlighting managers as the principle vehicle of relationship maintenance. Originality/value The authors provide construct clarity around the process of “institutionalization”. In fact, they regard the process as reverse compared to the early interpretation in the INA literature in which a business relationship is assumed to start as a “clean slate” and then begins to represent the industry codes of practice over time. They found that “institutionalization” implies that a business relationship is no longer compared with nor is comparable to the institutional prescriptions; in contrast, the relationship has established its own rules and norms, which have been taken for granted by the buyer and seller organization.

scholarly journals Child sexual abuse: The relationship between the type of abuse and the risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sezer Ayan ◽  
Veda Bilican Gökkaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
Sexually Abused Children ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: The objective is to determine whether there is a relationship between the type of abuse and the risk factors. Method: The population of the study consists of 39 sexually abused children. The questionnaire form consisting of 40 questions related to the children’s socio-demographic characteristics and family structures, the type and frequency of sexual abuse, and the identity of abuser was filled in based on the file information of sexually abused victims brought to the Children’s Branch of Sivas Security Directorate. Conclusion: It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the gender and age of the victim and socio-economic level of his/her family and the type of abuse, except for the cases of disability and parents’ living together. Discussion: In this study, it was determined that some risk factors are related to some types of abuse, and the results were evaluated in terms of possible risk factors.

scholarly journals Sexual abuse of the mentally handicapped: difficulties in establishing prevalence

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Buchanan ◽  
Robert Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
Mental Handicap ◽  
Mental Health Legislation ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Legislation

That adults with mental handicap∗ are particularly vulnerable to sexual exploitation is not new, although relatively unacknowledged or investigated. Indeed successive acts under the mental health legislation have sought to protect them, particularly those with severe mental handicap. With the growing awareness and identification of sexual abuse of children, and the growing knowledge of the long-term psychological effects (Jehu, 1989), which may be even more severe for people who have disabilities (Kennedy, 1990; Sinason, 1989), it has been acknowledged that not only are the mentally handicapped particularly vulnerable to abuse (Benedict et al, 1990), but the problem may well be seriously underestimated by those working in management positions (Brown & Craft, 1989). While it is recognised that the mentally handicapped have rights and need to express their sexuality, they also have the right not to be exploited or abused. We therefore need to know more about the numbers, indicators and circumstances where this group may be sexually abused and to develop policies, systems and training to protect them (Brown & Craft, 1989). This pilot study was a step in this process.

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Considerations for Rehabilitation Counsellors

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Dearn ◽  
Lynda R. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Professional Collaboration ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Long Term Impact

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a frequently occurring event that has a strong and lasting impact on adult functioning. A significant percentage of adults who are sexually abused as children subsequently meet the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and demonstrate an increased vulnerability toward further traumatisation. Despite the likelihood that rehabilitation counsellors will encounter clients with this history, published literature on the contribution of rehabilitation counsellors to work with adults who were abused as children is limited. This report discusses ways rehabilitation counsellors can contribute to the inter-professional collaboration required to achieve a reduction in impact of disability and handicap associated with the long-term impact of CSA.

A Star Is Born: The Relationship Between Performance and Achieving Status Through Certification Contests in the Context of Equity Analysts

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Taeha Paik ◽  
Timothy G. Pollock ◽  
Steven Boivie ◽  
Donald Lange ◽  
Peggy M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Status ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Equity Analysts ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Status Position ◽  
Over Time

We investigate how the relationship between status and performance decouples over time by addressing two questions: (1) how performance affects the likelihood that an actor achieves high status and (2) how achieving high status affects the actor’s subsequent performance. In doing so, we focus on the role repeated certification contests play, where evaluators assess actors’ performance along particular dimensions and confer high status on the contest winners. Using the context of sell-side (brokerage) equity analysts and the “All-Star” list from Institutional Investor magazine, we first investigate whether analysts who make the All-Star list are more likely to produce accurate and/or independent forecasts. Then, we investigate analyst performance after recent and multiple wins. Our results demonstrate the decoupling of status and performance over time and the roles played by both the high-status actor and the social evaluators conferring their status. Whereas analyst performance increases the likelihood of being designated an All-Star, recent and multiple All-Star designations differentially affect both how subsequent performance is assessed, and how the All-Star analysts subsequently perform. In the short term, achieving high status can increase performance and solidify an analyst’s status position; however, in the long term, it can lead to lower performance and eventually result in status loss, which further erodes performance.

scholarly journals Surgery Task Load Index in Cardiac Surgery: Measuring Cognitive Load Among Teams

2020 ◽  
pp. 155335062093493
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Kennedy-Metz ◽  
Hill L. Wolfe ◽  
Roger D. Dias ◽  
Steven J. Yule ◽  
Marco A. Zenati
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Surgical Complexity ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Background. The most commonly used subjective assessment of perceived cognitive load, the NASA Task Load Index (TLX), has proven valuable in measuring individual load among general populations. The surgery task load index (SURG-TLX) was developed and validated to measure cognitive load specifically among individuals within a surgical team. Notably, the TLX lacks temporal sensitivity in its typical retrospective administration. Objective. This study sought to expand the utility of SURG-TLX by investigating individual measures of cognitive load over time during cardiac surgery, and the relationship between individual and team measures of cognitive load and proxies for surgical complexity. Materials & Methods. SURG-TLX was administered retrospectively in the operating room immediately following each case to approximate cognitive load before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery team members (surgeon, anesthesiologist, and perfusionist). Correlations were calculated to determine the relationship of individual and team measures of cognitive load over the entire procedure with bypass length and surgery length. Results. Results suggest that perceived cognitive load varies throughout the procedure such that cognitive load during bypass significantly differs compared to before or after bypass, across all 3 roles. While on bypass, results show that anesthesiologists experience significantly lower levels of perceived cognitive load than both surgeons and perfusionists. Correlational analyses reveal that perceived cognitive load of both the surgeon and the team had significant positive associations with bypass length and surgery length. Conclusion. Our findings support the utility of SURG-TLX in real cardiac cases as a measure of cognitive load over time, and on an individual and team-wide basis.

scholarly journals The relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Ciprian A. Dina ◽  
Maria Iancau ◽  
Maria Moţa ◽  
Raluca Costina Dina ◽  
Iulia Vladu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Presentation Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Mechanical Therapy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Root Planning

Abstract Periodontitis is a common complication in patients with diabetes. Their classificationis complex and it is based on the clinical presentation, rate of disease progression,age at diagnosis and local and systemic factors that may multiply the risk. The twomajor stages of periodontal diseases are gingivitis and periodontitis. Therelationship between these two diseases appears bidirectional insofar that theexistence of one disease tends to promote the other and that the meticulousmanagement of either may help the treatment of the other. Treatment of periodontitisusing a association of mechanical therapy, scaling and root planning, plus systemictetracycline antibiotics has been demonstrated to have important reductions inHbA1c values. Therefore, for a better control of diabetes we suggest that periodontalpatients with diabetes should be consulted and treated by a periodontist.

scholarly journals Rio de Janeiro’s favela assemblage: Accounting for the durability of an unstable object

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1045-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Aaron Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Perception And Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Spatial Objects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Distinct Object

Assemblage thinking offers a new conceptual toolkit for analysing the relationship between society and space. However, major questions remain regarding both its ontological propositions and how it might be applied to the analysis of specific socio-spatial objects. This article contributes to these debates by using assemblage thinking to trace the long-term development of Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. These territories have undergone a range of seemingly contradictory changes over recent decades. On one hand, expanded infrastructure and service provision and improved social outcomes have meant favelas have moved closer to, and in some cases surpassed, areas officially designated as “formal”. On the other, they continue to be heavily stigmatised, targeted by exceptional forms of governance, and subject to militarisation and abuse by police and non-state armed groups. Tracing these developments over time, I argue that the favela is best understood as an assemblage of heterogeneous, interacting elements that operate according to diverse logics. Despite continual pressures to deterritorialise, or break apart, a density of components and relations has ensured the continual reterritorialisation of the “favela” as a distinct object of perception and action over more than a century, with far reaching consequences for residents and the wider city.

Flexibility and agility: evolution and relationship

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1138-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bouchra Abdelilah ◽  
Akram El Korchi ◽  
Mohammed Amine Balambo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operational Ability ◽  
Strategic Ability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify the confusion between flexibility and agility. The paper traces the evolution of agility and the evolution of flexibility over time, analyses their drivers and different elements, draws the boundaries between them and defines their relationship. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review of flexibility and agility was developed. Papers written between 1920 and 2017 were reviewed and analyzed using a structured review technique. The identified papers focus on flexibility and agility, relating both to manufacturing and the supply chain. Findings Agility is the natural evolution of flexibility. Until the 1990s, the term “flexibility” was used to refer to agility, but, because of market changes, competitiveness and the need for speed, the term “agility” was coined. While flexibility is considered as an operational ability, agility is a strategic ability that enables a firm to establish a strategic long-term vision. In fact, flexibility is an agility capability, among other capabilities such as responsiveness or speed. There are also several types of flexibility that are used as agility sub-capabilities, or as agility enablers, which further confirms the idea that flexibility is a part of agility. Research limitations/implications This research is a systematic review of the existing literature on the concepts of flexibility and agility. Although it is theoretical, it could provide a set of hypotheses that would enable an empirical study to be conducted into how firms from different industries perceive flexibility and agility and how they implement each of them. Originality/value Flexibility and agility are two distinct characteristics that enable a firm to gain a competitive advantage by responding quickly and effectively to changing customer demand. However, there is confusion between these two concepts in the academic and professional literature, with both terms being used to refer to the same idea. Our literature review aims to draw the boundaries between flexibility and agility by analyzing the evolution of the two concepts and detailing their respective drivers and elements, in order to bring more clarity to the nature of the relationship between flexibility and agility.

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