scholarly journals A method to reduce ambiguities of qualitative reasoning for conceptual design applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Valentina D'Amelio ◽  
Magdalena K. Chmarra ◽  
Tetsuo Tomiyama
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Qualitative Reasoning ◽  
Interaction Method ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

AbstractQualitative reasoning can generate ambiguous behaviors due to the lack of quantitative information. Despite many different research results focusing on ambiguities reduction, fundamentally it is impossible to totally remove ambiguities with only qualitative methods and to guarantee the consistency of results. This prevents the wide use of qualitative reasoning techniques in practical situations, particularly in conceptual design, where qualitative reasoning is considered intrinsically useful. To improve this situation, this paper initially investigates the origin of ambiguities in qualitative reasoning. Then it proposes a method based on intelligent interventions of the user who is able to detect ambiguities, to prioritize interventions on these ambiguities, and to reduce ambiguities based on the least commitment strategy. This interaction method breaks through the limit of qualitative reasoning in practical applications to conceptual design. The method was implemented as a new feature in a software tool called the Knowledge Intensive Engineering Framework in order to be tested and used for a printer design.

Practical applications of scanning tunneling microscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
D. R. Denley
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Promising Tool

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has recently been introduced as a promising tool for analyzing surface atomic structure. We have used STM for its extremely high resolution (especially the direction normal to surfaces) and its ability for imaging in ambient atmosphere. We have examined surfaces of metals, semiconductors, and molecules deposited on these materials to achieve atomic resolution in favorable cases.When the high resolution capability is coupled with digital data acquisition, it is simple to get quantitative information on surface texture. This is illustrated for the measurement of surface roughness of evaporated gold films as a function of deposition temperature and annealing time in Figure 1. These results show a clear trend for which the roughness, as well as the experimental deviance of the roughness is found to be minimal for evaporation at 300°C. It is also possible to contrast different measures of roughness.

scholarly journals Co-creating narratives for WEF nexus governance: a Quantitative Story-Telling case study in the Canary Islands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Cabello ◽  
David Romero ◽  
Ana Musicki ◽  
Ângela Guimarães Pereira ◽  
Baltasar Peñate
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Story Telling ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Narrative Assessment ◽  
Alternative Water

AbstractThe literature on the water–energy–food nexus has repeatedly signaled the need for transdisciplinary approaches capable of weaving the plurality of knowledge bodies involved in the governance of different resources. To fill this gap, Quantitative Story-Telling (QST) has been proposed as a science for adaptive governance approach that aims at fostering pluralistic and reflexive research processes to overcome narrow framings of water, energy, and food policies as independent domains. Yet, there are few practical applications of QST and most run on a pan-European scale. In this paper, we apply the theory of QST through a practical case study regarding non-conventional water sources as an innovation for water and agricultural governance in the Canary Islands. We present the methods mixed to mobilize different types of knowledge and analyze interconnections between water, energy, and food supply. First, we map and interview relevant knowledge holders to elicit narratives about the current and future roles of alternative water resources in the arid Canarian context. Second, we run a quantitative diagnosis of nexus interconnections related to the use of these resources for irrigation. This analysis provides feedback to the narratives in terms of constraints and uncertainties that might hamper the expectations posed on this innovation. Thirdly, the mixed analysis is used as fuel for discussion in participatory narrative assessment workshops. Our experimental QST process succeeded in co-creating new knowledge regarding the water–energy–food nexus while addressing some relational and epistemological uncertainties in the development of alternative water resources. Yet, the extent to which mainstream socio-technical imaginaries surrounding this innovation were transformed was rather limited. We conclude that the potential of QST within sustainability place-based research resides on its capacity to: (a) bridge different sources of knowledge, including local knowledge; (b) combine both qualitative and quantitative information regarding the sustainable use of local resources, and (c) co-create narratives on desirable and viable socio-technical pathways. Open questions remain as to how to effectively mobilize radically diverse knowledge systems in complex analytical exercises where everyone feels safe to participate.

scholarly journals Approximator: A Software Tool for Automatic Generation of Approximate Arithmetic Circuits

Computers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Padmanabhan Balasubramanian ◽  
Raunaq Nayar ◽  
Okkar Min ◽  
Douglas L. Maskell
Keyword(s):  
Software Tool ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Arithmetic Circuits ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Arithmetic Circuit ◽  
Practical Applications

Approximate arithmetic circuits are an attractive alternative to accurate arithmetic circuits because they have significantly reduced delay, area, and power, albeit at the cost of some loss in accuracy. By keeping errors due to approximate computation within acceptable limits, approximate arithmetic circuits can be used for various practical applications such as digital signal processing, digital filtering, low power graphics processing, neuromorphic computing, hardware realization of neural networks for artificial intelligence and machine learning etc. The degree of approximation that can be incorporated into an approximate arithmetic circuit tends to vary depending on the error resiliency of the target application. Given this, the manual coding of approximate arithmetic circuits corresponding to different degrees of approximation in a hardware description language (HDL) may be a cumbersome and a time-consuming process—more so when the circuit is big. Therefore, a software tool that can automatically generate approximate arithmetic circuits of any size corresponding to a desired accuracy would not only aid the design flow but also help to improve a designer’s productivity by speeding up the circuit/system development. In this context, this paper presents ‘Approximator’, which is a software tool developed to automatically generate approximate arithmetic circuits based on a user’s specification. Approximator can automatically generate Verilog HDL codes of approximate adders and multipliers of any size based on the novel approximate arithmetic circuit architectures proposed by us. The Verilog HDL codes output by Approximator can be used for synthesis in an FPGA or ASIC (standard cell based) design environment. Additionally, the tool can perform error and accuracy analyses of approximate arithmetic circuits. The salient features of the tool are illustrated through some example screenshots captured during different stages of the tool use. Approximator has been made open-access on GitHub for the benefit of the research community, and the tool documentation is provided for the user’s reference.

scholarly journals Strategi Pendidikan Nilai Sebagai Pembentuk Kepribadian Siswa Di Sekolah

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Rinita Rosalinda Dewi ◽  
Mufid Hidayat ◽  
Cik Suabuana
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
School Level ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Education Strategy

Value education is a conscious and planned effort to help students recognize the values that must be used as a guide in behaving and behaving in everyday life. The purpose of this research was to determine the value education strategy as forming the personality of students in schools, especially at the elementary school level. SDN Nagreg 04 is one of the elementary schools that instill value education as a way of shaping the personality of students so that they become personal benefits for others. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Based on research results show that the value education strategy as forming the personality of students in schools can be started from the curriculum and tools such as syllabus and lesson plans, plan various programs that can support the process of value education to students, integrated with teaching and learning activities, and through collaboration between schools, parents, and society.

scholarly journals Patterns of Family Support in Cervical Cancer Survivors with High Resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1604-1606
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Resilience Scale

This study is aimed to explore the patterns of family support in cervical cancer survivors. This study is focused on explaining the kinds of patterns of family support received by cervical cancer survivors who had experienced high-resilience. It implements qualitative methods with descriptive research design. Data is collected by screening using resilience scale and interview. The analysed data include interview results obtained from cervical cancer survivors who had experienced high resilience. Research results showed that high resilience among the three cervical cancer survivors is related to family support. The patterns of family support received by the three participants include closeness, receptors, and durability. The three participants also received at least three out of four patterns of family supports concrete support, emotional support, informative support, and award support. Types of support most needed by the three participants are concrete support and emotional support.

scholarly journals Analisis terhadap Hadis Dasar Hukum Fatwa DSN No : 12/DSN-MUI/IV/2000

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munandar Harits Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Differences Of Opinion

Debt has become commonplace to meet the needs of human life. However, because it is only a loan, it must be returned. But sometimes not everyone can do it at the agreed time. Therefore, Islam offers a solution in the form of a hawalah contract. The National Sharia Council then issued a fatwa regarding this matter to strengthen it by mentioning several hadiths as its legal basis. With qualitative methods and literature study, the authors describe the understanding that can be drawn from this hadith. Based on the research results, it was found that there were many differences of opinion in the details of the hawalah contract. Then it was also discovered that one of the hadiths that was used as a reference did not have a degree of shohih and the hadith also did not lead directly to the hawalah contract.

scholarly journals RESEPSI MASYARAKAT DAN WISATAWAN TERHADAP KARYA SENI MURAL DI KAWASAN KRUENG DHO DAN KRUENG DAROY KOTA BANDA ACEH

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Susandro Susandro ◽  
Hatmi Negria Taruan ◽  
Muhammad Ghifari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Public ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Mural Art ◽  
Banda Aceh ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

AbstrakKarya seni mural berkemungkinan dapat mendorong meningkatkan kepariwisataan, hingga sejalan dengan meningkatnya perekonomian suatu masyarakat atau perihal lainnya. Namun, persoalannya ialah karya seni mural bertentangan dengan suatu ketentuan, khususnya sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam syariat Islam. Secara jelas dinyatakan dalam syariat Islam, dilarang membuat gambar yang menyerupai makhluk yang bernyawa atau memiliki ruh, seperti gambar manusia dan hewan. Akan tetapi, gambar tersebut dapat ditemui di pagar dan dinding-dinding rumah warga di bantaran Krueng Dho dan Krueng Daroy, Kota Banda Aceh. Faktanya, Aceh merupakan satu-satunya provinsi di Indonesia yang menjadikan syariat Islam sebagai landasan hukum Peraturan Daerah. Tujuan penelitian ini tidak bermaksud ‘memperuncing’ kontradiktif tersebut, melainkan ingin mengetahui pandangan masyarakat terhadap karya seni mural dari perspektif Islami dan berbagai kemungkinan dampak lainnya. Guna mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi, melakukan wawancara – terencana maupun tidak terencana – kepada masyarakat yang dianggap relevan, serta studi pustaka. Kemudian hasil penelitian dibangun berdasarkan analisis terhadap data, paparan bagaimana resepsi masyarakat terhadap karya seni mural dari sudut pandang syariat Islam.Kata Kunci: syariat Islam, mural, kontradiktif, resepsi.AbstractMural art is most likely to be able to encourage increased tourism, so that it is in line with plans to increase people's income or other matters. However, the question is the mural art which is opposed to the provisions, especially those relating to Islamic law. Clearly stated in Islamic Shari'a, released images are released that have life or spirit, such as pictures of humans and animals. However, the picture can be found on the fence and walls of the houses of the residents on the banks of Krueng Dho and Krueng Daroy, Banda Aceh City. In fact, Aceh is the only province in Indonesia that makes Islamic Sharia a legal basis for Regional Regulations. The purpose of this study is not to discuss 'trusting' these contradictions, discussing the public about mural works from an Islamic perspective and various other perspective changes. In order to achieve this goal, the study was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods. Data is collected by observation, conducting interviews - unplanned - for the community considered relevant, as well as literature study. Then the research results are built based on an analysis of the data, a presentation about the community of mural art from the perspective of Islamic law.  Keywords: Islamic sharia, murals, contradictions, receptions. 

Feature Subspace Estimation for Resolving Dimensionality Mismatch in Practical Color-Based Face Recognition Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 1656004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Feature Subspace ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Input Level

Recently, considerable research efforts have been devoted to effective utilization of facial color information for improved recognition performance. Of all color-based face recognition (FR) methods, the most widely used approach is a color FR method using input-level fusion. In this method, augmented input vectors of the color images are first generated by concatenating different color components (including both luminance and chrominance information) by column order at the input level and feature subspace is then trained with a set of augmented input vectors. However, in practical applications, a testing image could be captured as a grayscale image, rather than as a color image, mainly caused by different, heterogeneous image acquisition environment. A grayscale testing image causes so-called dimensionality mismatch between the trained feature subspace and testing input vector. Disparity in dimensionality negatively impacts the reliable FR performance and even imposes a significant restriction on carrying out FR operations in practical color FR systems. To resolve the dimensionality mismatch, we propose a novel approach to estimate new feature subspace, suitable for recognizing a grayscale testing image. In particular, new feature subspace is estimated from a given feature subspace created using color training images. The effectiveness of proposed solution has been successfully tested on four public face databases (DBs) such as CMU, FERET, XM2VTSDB, and ORL DBs. Extensive and comparative experiments showed that the proposed solution works well for resolving dimensionality mismatch of importance in real-life color FR systems.

Constraint Management Methodology for Conceptual Design Tradeoff Studies

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhakar Y. Reddy ◽  
Kenneth W. Fertig ◽  
David E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
System Level ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Constraint Management ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
Thermal Imaging System

Abstract This paper presents a constraint management methodology, which facilitates tradeoff studies during conceptual design. This approach represents design models as constraints between variables, and uses the resulting constraint network to automatically derive computational procedures for performing user-specified tradeoff studies. By decomposing large constraint networks into smaller pieces that can be solved robustly, this approach can solve extremely large systems of non-linear equations present in practical system models. Design Sheet is a software implementation of this methodology; it allows the designer to interactively develop models, flexibly define tradeoff studies, and quickly explore large areas of design space to study how the different performance and cost criteria tradeoff with respect to one another. Design Sheet has been used on practical applications ranging from the system-level design of spacecraft using combined performance and cost models to the preliminary design of automotive bearings. This paper demonstrates the unique capabilities of Design Sheet in performing design tradeoff studies, using a thermal imaging system performance model developed for the DARPA MADE program.

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