Delayed wound healing in elderly people

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen A. Thomason ◽  
Matthew J. Hardman
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Large Body ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Delayed Wound Healing ◽  
Current Therapies

SummaryOur ability to heal wounds deteriorates with age, leading in many cases to a complete lack of repair and development of a chronic wound. Moreover, as the elderly population continues to grow the prevalence of non-healing chronic wounds is escalating. Cutaneous wound repair occurs through a combination of overlapping phases, including an initial inflammatory response, a proliferative phase and a final remodelling phase. In elderly subjects the inflammatory response is delayed, macrophage and fibroblast function compromised, angiogenesis reduced and re-epithelialization inhibited. Whilst a large body of historic research describes the defective processes that lead to delayed healing, only recently have the molecular mechanisms by which these defects arise begun to be elucidated. Current therapies available for treatment of chronic wounds in elderly people are surprisingly limited and generally ineffective. Thus there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies based on these recent molecular and cellular insights.

Cold-induced Increases in Erythrocyte Count, Plasma Cholesterol and Plasma Fibrinogen of Elderly People without a Comparable Rise in Protein C or Factor X

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope J. Neild ◽  
Denise Syndercombe-Court ◽  
W. R. Keatinge ◽  
G. C. Donaldson ◽  
M. Mattock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Erythrocyte Count ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Young Subjects

1. Six elderly (66-71 years) and six young (20-23 years) subjects (half of each group women) were cooled for 2 h in moving air at 18°C to investigate possible causes of increased mortality from arterial thrombosis among elderly people in cold weather. Compared with thermoneutral control experiments, skin temperature (trunk) fell from 35.5 to 29.5°C, with little change in core temperature. 2. Erythrocyte count rose in the cold from 4.29 to 4.69 × 1012/l, without a change in mean corpuscular volume, indicating a 14% or 438 ml decline in plasma volume; increased excretion of water, Na+ and K+ accounted for loss of only 179 ml of extracellular water. 3. Plasma cholesterol and fibrinogen concentrations rose in the elderly subjects from 4.9 mmol/l and 2.97 g/l (control) to 5.45 mmol/l and 3.39 g/l in the cold, and in the young subjects from 3.33 mmol/l and 1.84 g/l (control) to 3.77 mmol/l and 2.07 g/l in the cold. Increases were significant for the elderly subjects, the young subjects and the group as a whole, except for cholesterol in the young subjects, and all were close to those expected from the fall in plasma volume. 4. Plasma levels of Protein C and factor X did not increase significantly in the cold in the elderly subjects, young subjects, or the group as a whole. 5. The results suggest that loss of plasma fluid in the cold concentrates major risk factors for arterial thrombosis, while small molecules, including protective Protein C, redistribute to interstitial fluid.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effectiveness of dichotic training in the elderly adults: a single subject study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shahidipour ◽  
Saeid Farahani ◽  
Ghassem Mohammadkhani ◽  
Elham Tavanai ◽  
Nariman Rahbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Intensity Difference ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Dichotic Training

Background and Aim: Elderly people usually show poor performance in dichotic listening tasks. In this condition, the left ear being often the weaker one shows a performance below the normal limits. Studies have shown the effectiveness of dichotic listening training in auditory and language processing for adults and children with neurological disorders. This study aimed to develop a home-version of dichotic training and investigate its effectiveness in elderly adults. Methods: Participants in this single-subject interventional study (AB design) were four elderly subjects (two males and two females) aged 65−75 years. The main inclusion criteria were dichotic listening deficit demonstrated by the dichotic digit test (DDT), no neurological or cognitive disorders, and normal hearing threshold. Dichotic listening training was performed with an informal home-version of dichotic interaural intensity difference (DIID) training program for seven weeks. DDT was performed seven consecutive weeks before (phase A) and after the intervention (phase B) at the end of each week. Results: Data were analyzed by single-subject study statistics. Findings demonstrated an improvement in DDT scores for the left ear and decrease in right ear advantage scores in all the elderly adults after DIID training program. It seems that this training program could remediate poor performance in dichotic listening tasks in elderly people. Conclusion: The advantage of this method is that it can be easily done at home and is costeffective. However, further studies are needed to approve the neuroplasticity and structural changes in the brain after the DIID training program in this population. Keywords: Auditory rehabilitation; dichotic training; dichotic listening; elderly; singlesubject study

Predicting indoor thermal sensation for the elderly in welfare centres in Korea using local skin temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1155-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihye Bae ◽  
Hyunjung Lee ◽  
Chungyoon Chun
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Skin Temperatures

This study aims to develop a method to predict thermal sensation in elderly people. To identify the point on the body where skin temperature can best predict thermal sensation in elderly people aged 65 or older and develop a thermal comfort measurement model that can replace the psychological scale, experiments were conducted in a stainless steel wall finish climate chamber and at the seven senior welfare centres in Korea. The results of the climate chamber experiment with 30 healthy elderly people (15 males, 15 females) showed that there was a correlation between thermal sensation and local skin temperature on the back of the hand, the upper arm, the top of the foot and the cheek. This developed thermal sensation prediction model was then applied in a field study at senior welfare centres to verify whether the model could be applied to a large number of elderly subjects in different locations. The field study with 294 elderly people (111 males, 183 females) shows that cheek and back of the hand skin temperatures were useful in predicting thermal sensation in the elderly, and predicted thermal sensation based on the skin temperature of the cheek had the strongest correlation with thermal sensation among the participants.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Elderly that attend Pilgrimage Centre, Elele, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Onyema Eledo ◽  
Edidiong Tommy ◽  
Emmanuel Onuoha ◽  
Kingsley Dunga ◽  
Okezie Okamgba
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Male Subjects

This study determined the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis in elderly people that attended pilgrimage center, Elele Rivers state, Nigeria. A total of 200 subjects attending the pilgrimage center were examined for Rhematoid Factor using Latex agglutination method. The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. A prevalence of 4% was seen in the female subjects within the age bracket of 65-80 years and a prevalence of 1% was seen in the male subjects within the age bracket of 61-70 years. It showed that Rheumatoid arthritis was positive in 5% of the population and negative in 95% of the population, which was statistically significant (p< 0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant increase in the overall prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in elderly subjects that attend pilgrimage center, Elele. Therefore proper care should be instituted to  avoid unnecessary complications associated with this ailment.

scholarly journals The Importance of Physical Activity in the Interaction of Motor and Cognitive Functions in Elderly People

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (118) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Vida Janina Česnaitienė ◽  
Zbigniew Ossowski ◽  
Diana Karanauskienė ◽  
Gabrielė Auškalnyte ◽  
Ema Grigėnaitytė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. It is predicted that in 2060, the number of elderly people in Lithuania (62 and over years of age) will be 31.2% (Tamutienė & Naujanienė, 2013). The maintenance of stable posture requires particular attention because it gets more difficult to sustain it while doing multiple moves at the same time when you are getting older (Woo, Davids, Liukkonen, Chow, & Jaakkola, 2017). The aim of the study was to determine the importance of physical activity for the interplay of motor and cognitive functions in elderly people. Methods. Evaluation of static equilibrium by posturographic method, evaluation of cognitive functions, statistical analysis. Results. The results of the physically active and inactive research subjects were statistically significant (p = .043) in memory task with the eyes closed and in a simple position. A statistically significant difference in the sway velocity (Vsc) between the physical activity groups with eyes closed in simple position was also observed (p = .044). Double task with eyes closed resulted in worse balance performance. Conclusions. 1. Physical activity did not affect the motor function of the elderly. There were no differences between the physically active and inactive subjects in the assessed behavioral indices. 2. Physical activity did not affect the cognitive functions of the elderly. All elderly subjects were equally mistaken in their cognitive memory task. 3. The motor functions of the physically active elderly are controlled statistically significantly better when performing additional cognitive tasks than those of the physically inactive ones. Keywords: balance, elderly, physical activity.

scholarly journals Biofilm-Innate Immune Interface: Contribution to Chronic Wound Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya Versey ◽  
Waleska Stephanie da Cruz Nizer ◽  
Emily Russell ◽  
Sandra Zigic ◽  
Katrina G. DeZeeuw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Chronic Wound ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Delayed Wound Healing ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Composition And Structure

Delayed wound healing can cause significant issues for immobile and ageing individuals as well as those living with co-morbid conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. These delays increase a patient’s risk for infection and, in severe cases, can result in the formation of chronic, non-healing ulcers (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers, surgical site infections, pressure ulcers and venous leg ulcers). Chronic wounds are very difficult and expensive to treat and there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapeutics that restore healing processes. Sustained innate immune activation and inflammation are common features observed across most chronic wound types. However, the factors driving this activation remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests that the composition and structure of the wound microbiome may play a central role in driving this dysregulated activation but the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes require further investigation. In this review, we will discuss the current literature on: 1) how bacterial populations and biofilms contribute to chronic wound formation, 2) the role of bacteria and biofilms in driving dysfunctional innate immune responses in chronic wounds, and 3) therapeutics currently available (or underdevelopment) that target bacteria-innate immune interactions to improve healing. We will also discuss potential issues in studying the complexity of immune-biofilm interactions in chronic wounds and explore future areas of investigation for the field.

Impact of Ibruprofen Medication and Prosthetic Esthetical Treatment in Elderly Patients with Temporal Mandibular Joint Disorders and Deppresion

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-836
Author(s):  
Laura Checherita ◽  
L. S. Burlea ◽  
O. Stamatin ◽  
D. Manuc
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain ◽  
A Prospective Study

Affections of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can lead to imbalances and disfuntions named temporomandibular desorders (TMDs). Elderly people with TMDs are experiencing more severe phenomena due to instability centric relationship, edentation, hypotonia, and cranio-mandibular malrelations, neurologic and chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of the anti-inflamatory treatment followed by prosthetic, estethic and gnathologic treatment in elderly. This is a prospective study, based on data obtained from 410 elderly people, 74 female and 33 male gender subjects. In the studied group we found a high prevalence of pain (42.99%) and articular affectation (25.23%) which is due both to the grade of edentation and to complications of it, also the muscular affectation, headache, modification of the cranial-mandibular relations, psychological affectation. The prevalence of depressive manifestations was high (35.51%) and after the ibuprofen treatment in association with prosthetic treatment was completed decreased (at 23.36%) in the elderly subjects. In conclusion, the anti-inflamatory treatment followed by prosthetic treatment and also esthetical one determined the improved outcomes of the TMDs in elderly patients, not only in terms of pain and depression but also clinically, meaning at the TMJ function and in all the intraoral and facial as

A Health Monitoring System for Elderly People Living Alone

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Ohta ◽  
Hiroshi Nakamoto ◽  
Yoshimitsu Shinagawa ◽  
Tomohiro Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
The Family

We have developed a health monitoring system for elderly people living alone. We monitored the in-house movements of eight subjects (average age 81 years) by placing infrared sensors in each room of their homes. Because their movements were unrestricted, monitoring could last longer than other forms of monitoring. Continuous monitoring was performed for 80 months in total. We found that each subject had a specific pattern of movements. We estimated their health condition by comparing the duration of stays in specific rooms, such as the lavatory, with previously recorded data. If after analysis an unusual state was detected, we informed the family of the incident. Final decisions should be made by the family members, not automatically by computer software. For example, after contacting the subject or a neighbour by telephone, family members could call for an ambulance or arrange a visit by a doctor or home help. Thus, this system reduced anxiety for both the elderly subjects living alone and their family members.

scholarly journals Skin wound closure delay in metabolic syndrome correlates with SCF deficiency in keratinocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenping Wang ◽  
Yanhan Wang ◽  
Nicholas Bradbury ◽  
Carolina Gonzales Bravo ◽  
Bernd Schnabl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Transient Activation ◽  
Kit Receptor ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Current Therapies

AbstractPoor wound closure due to diabetes, aging, stress, obesity, alcoholism, and chronic disease affects millions of people worldwide. Reasons wounds will not close are still unclear, and current therapies are limited. Although stem cell factor (SCF), a cytokine, is known to be important for wound repair, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SCF in wound closure remain poorly understood. Here, we found that SCF expression in the epidermis is decreased in mouse models of delayed wound closure intended to mimic old age, obesity, and alcoholism. By using SCF conditionally knocked out mice, we demonstrated that keratinocytes’ autocrine production of SCF activates a transient c-kit receptor in keratinocytes. Transient activation of the c-kit receptor induces the expression of growth factors and chemokines to promote wound re-epithelialization by increasing migration of skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts) and immune cells (neutrophils) to the wound bed 24–48 h post-wounding. Our results demonstrate that keratinocyte-produced SCF is essential to wound closure due to the increased recruitment of a unique combination of skin cells and immune cells in the early phase after wounding. This discovery is imperative for developing clinical strategies that might improve the body’s natural repair mechanisms for treating patients with wound-closure pathologies.

scholarly journals Actively listening twin robots for long-duration conversation with the elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Nishio ◽  
Yuichiro Yoshikawa ◽  
Takamasa Iio ◽  
Mariko Chiba ◽  
Taichi Asami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Dialogue System ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Additional Function ◽  
Long Duration

AbstractThe number of isolated elderly people with few opportunities to talk to other people is currently increasing. Research is ongoing to develop talking robots for addressing the situation. The aim of the present study was to develop a talking robot that could converse with elderly people over an extended period. To enable long-duration conversation, we added a previously proposed active listening function for twining the robot dialogue system to prompt the user to say something. To verify the effectiveness of this function, a comparative experiment was performed using the proposed robot system and a control system with identical functions except the active listening function. The results showed that the conversation of the elderly subjects with the proposed robot system was significantly more than that with the control system. The capability of the developed robot system was further demonstrated in a nursing home for the elderly, where its conversation durations with different residents were measured. The results revealed that the robot could converse for more than 30 min with more than half of the elderly subjects. These results indicate that the additional function of the proposed talking robot system would enable elderly people to talk over longer periods of time.

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