scholarly journals ‘Are you a Billy, or a Dan, or an old tin can?’: street violence and relations between Catholics, Jews and Protestants in the Gorbals during the inter-war years

Urban History ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVRAM TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Street Violence ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT:This article makes use of memoirs, autobiographies and oral interviews in order to consider the relations between the Catholic, Jewish and Protestant communities in the Gorbals. While there was considerable variation in individual experience, there were also particular occasions where inter-ethnic relations were all too predictable, almost following a ‘calendar of conflict’. The article shows that, while there was a degree of anti-Semitism in the area, integration between the Jewish and non-Jewish residents of the district was facilitated by a number of factors. Ultimately, anti-Semitism was mediated through the sectarian rivalry, which was the dominant religious conflict in the city.

scholarly journals Gender Dimensions of (Non)Violence in Communal Conflict: The Case of Jos, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1466-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Krause
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Conflict Prevention ◽  
Communal Conflict ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The City

Peacebuilding is more likely to succeed in countries with higher levels of gender equality, but few studies have examined the link between subnational gender relations and local peace and, more generally, peacebuilding after communal conflict. This article addresses this gap. I examine gender relations and (non)violence in ethno-religious conflict in the city of Jos in central Nigeria. Jos and its rural surroundings have repeatedly suffered communal clashes that have killed thousands, sometimes within only days. Drawing on qualitative data collected during fieldwork, I analyze the gender dimensions of violence, nonviolence, and postviolence prevention. I argue that civilian agency is gendered. Gender relations and distinct notions of masculinity can facilitate or constrain people’s mobilization for fighting. Hence, a nuanced understanding of the gender dimensions of (non)violence has important implications for conflict prevention and local peacebuilding.

“This Is a City of Bubbles”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheed Aderinto
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Politics ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
City Life ◽  
Urban Citizenship ◽  
Class Stratification ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Colonial Capitalism ◽  
The City

This chapter discusses the socioeconomic, gendered, and racial structure of colonial Lagos and reveals the identities of individuals and groups that shaped sexual politics. While the British were mostly responsible for the major physical infrastructure, they did not dictate or monopolize the accompanying social outlook that emerged out of Lagosians' quest to mold the city to their own taste. City life entailed maintaining a balance in the ways people lived their lives; the kinds of music they enjoyed; and how they socialized, dressed, and conducted themselves as they sought to maximize the benefits of colonial capitalism. The chapter then explores inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic relations and concludes that the politics of sex fit into the existing tension over urban citizenship, class stratification, and social privileges accruing from the pigmentation of the skin. It argues that the agitation against prostitution reflected a social ambivalence that can be termed as “selective modernity.”

scholarly journals PENANGGULANGAN MASALAH BANJIR DAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH MANDIRI DENGAN METODE TAKAKURA (DESA BERBEK KECAMATAN WARU SIDOARJO)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Safrin Zuraidah ◽  
Bambang Sujatmiko ◽  
Maulidyah octaviani Bustamin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Household Waste Management ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

Waste has become a problem that is really worrying everywhere. If you pay close attention, there are indeed a number of factors that cause waste problems to become serious. First, population growth. Second, more and more instant food with plastic packaging. Third, the habit of littering, the habit of consuming instant food in packaging, to the habit of throwing garbage without sorting between organic and non-organic waste will damage the ecosystem. The same problem is also experienced by Berbek Village in Sidoarjo Regency, the problem of waste and flooding that is always faced by the city cannot only be the responsibility of the government, but the community as one of the producers of household waste should always help reduce the amount of waste. Thisneeds to provide an understanding to the community of environmental concerns, especially regarding household waste management and water conservation for the future based on water conservation. The results achieved from this activity are that the village community is aware of and understands the importance of a clean environment, there is no garbage scattered, puddles or floods can be reduced, and are able to practice independent waste management methods.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERGROUND SPACE AS A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMS URBANIZATION OF CITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
S. Ryndiuk ◽  
◽  
M. Maksymenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Underground Part ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Space Saving ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

The article examines the study of the development of modernization and transformation of the urban environment. Some issues of underground space development in urban conditions are considered, the stages of evolution of underground urban planning are singled out and characterized. Examples of development and rational use of underground space are given and analyzed. The underground space is considered as a valuable renewable georesource of the metropolis, which can actively contribute to the sustainable development of the city. This should take into account a number of factors that affect the ecology of the underground environment, the state of the hydrogeological environment and existing buildings and structures. Overconcentration of population, infrastructure and industrial production leads to overload of the geoecological and hydrogeological environment. In domestic and foreign practice there is a tendency to combine trade and household enterprises, entertainment, cultural, educational, administrative and sports institutions, transport facilities in large complexes with an underground part. The main meaning of the development of underground space - saving surface area within the city. This method of reconstruction of urban spaces is used mainly in the areas of the most intensive traffic flows and intersections, in the areas of industrial nodes and areas of utility and warehousing.

Municipal Prostitution and Subjectivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-111
Author(s):  
Jamie Page
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
City Council ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
The City

This chapter explores a criminal investigation into an alleged abortion in the municipal brothel of Nördlingen in 1471–2. As well as abortion, the city council was drawn into investigating a range of exploitative labour practices imposed on the women by two brothel-keepers after allegations of abuse surfaced from the women in the brothel during the initial hearings. The chapter argues that municipal prostitution created the opportunity for women to engage a subject position of common women (gemeine frawen) in dialogue with the authorities, one which enabled them to push for redress of unfair working conditions. The latter sections of the chapter focus on one woman in particular, Els von Eichstätt, alleged to have been forced to abort her child. It places Els’s own ordeal in the larger context of abuses uncovered at the trial to examine how discourses surrounding municipal prostitution shaped individual experience.

Evaluation, repair & rehabilitation of 2 flyovers using advance assessment methods – a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Bhowmick ◽  
R. K. Jaigopal
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Condition Assessment ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Critical Location ◽  
The City

<p>After the collapse of Majherhat Bridge on September 4, 2018 at Kolkata (India), an expert committee was appointed by the state government to ‘examine’ all the old flyovers in the city. A large number of such flyovers identified by this committee, which needed urgent repairs. Two of these flyovers were investigated by the authors as a part of consultancy services provided to the owner client. Both these grade separators were in distress and needed urgent attention. But carrying out condition assessment on these bridges and carrying out any repair posed a big challenge to the Consultants and Clients due to number of factors, including lack of records of the bridges, volume of traffic and critical location of these infrastructures. This paper highlights the broad details of advance assessment techniques adopted for structural condition of these flyovers. The details of proposed repair and rehabilitation techniques adopted are also discussed.</p>

The Tribe Versus the City-State: An Architectural Conundrum for the Jewish Project

Images ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-165
Author(s):  
Stanley Tigerman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
City State ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Abstract“The Tribe versus the City-State” challenges the convention that suggests that the latter is preferable to the former. Throughout millennia the Jews struggled with tribalism, initially by building the First Temple as a means to coalesce tribal differences. Nonetheless, tribalism was used as a rationale to castigate Jews because it reinforced their being discrete from other, more homogenized populations. Over time, the City-State replaced tribalism because of its purported value as a melting pot that further coalesced differences into a more manageable whole. For the Jews however, the City-State exacerbated anti-Semitism in late Nineteenth Century Eastern European pogroms culminating in the Twentieth Century's holocaust. This paper addresses the architectural manifestations of these very different ways of aggregating populations. The Illinois Holocaust Museum project is presented as an example of building for the Jewish project in the context of temporality.

scholarly journals Yo elijo, tú eliges, ellas eligen. Orientación y toma de decisiones de las chicas en la escuela//I choose, you choose, they choose. Orientation and decision making of girls at school

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Aristizabal Llorente ◽  
Ana Isabel Ugalde Gorostiza ◽  
Amaia Álvarez Uría
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Discussion Groups ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos en una investigación sobre la orientación académica y profesional que se lleva a cabo en los centros educativos de Vitoria-Gasteiz y cómo la perciben tanto el profesorado como el alumnado y sus familias. Asimismo pretende identificar los factores que influyen en las decisiones estereotipadas de chicas y chicos. Para la recogida de la información se han realizado grupos de discusión con representantes del profesorado, alumnado y familias de los centros. Han sido en total siete grupos de discusión, 2 con profesorado, 3 con alumnado y 2 con las familias. También se han pasado dos cuestionarios diferenciados para el profesorado y equipos directivos participantes. Los resultados indican que, a pesar de los avances legales alcanzados en los últimos años, la orientación no sexista no es un tema prioritario entre las familias y que existen una serie de factores, como la socialización diferencial de chicas y chicos, la edad temprana a la que deben elegir un camino u otro, las expectativas de las familias, la falta de referentes y la realidad del mundo laboral, que hacen que alumnos y alumnas sigan eligiendo en función de los roles esperados para ellos y ellas. Los resultados concuerdan con otros obtenidos en investigaciones anteriores.ABSTRACT This paper presents the results obtained on academic and vocational guidance that takes place in schools and how they perceive it, both teachers and students, and their families, in the city of Vitoria in Spain. It also aims to identify the factors that influence girls´ and boys´ stereotypical decisions. For the collection of data focus groups have been conducted with representatives of teachers, students and families of schools. There have been a total of seven discussion groups, 2 with teachers, 3 with students and 2 with their families. Also two different questionnaires were done by participant teachers and management teams. The results indicate that, despite legal advances made in recent years, non-sexist orientation is not a priority among families and that there are a number of factors such as differential socialization of girls and boys, the early age at which they must choose one path or another, the expectations of families, lack of references, and the reality of working life that make students continue to choose based on the expected roles for them. The results are consistent with others obtained in previous research.

Caught between the ethnic sides: Children growing up in a divided post-war community

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Ajdukovic ◽  
Dinka Corkalo Biruski
Keyword(s):  
Social Norm ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Social Breakdown ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Ethnic Attitudes ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City ◽  
Related Process

The war-related process of disintegration of a highly integrated and multi-ethnic community is described using a series of studies done in the city of Vukovar (Croatia) as a case example. After analyzing the key points of the community social breakdown , the three roots of ongoing ethnic division are explored: the feelings of being betrayed by important others at life-important situations; massive suffering and traumatization; and lack of compassion and acknowledgment of the victimhood. These also influence the inner dynamic of the divided community in which the strong social norm is not to cross the ethnic lines in public. When the schools became divided after the war so that the Serb and Croat children started going to separate schools, opportunity to meet each other across the ethnic lines became and remained severely limited. The implications for children that grow up in an ethnically divided community are documented in a study of children's and parental inter-ethnic attitudes and behaviors. The study included 1,671 students aged 12 to 16 and their parents. It showed that the children had more out-group biases and negative attitudes, and were more likely to choose discriminative behaviors towards their peers from the ether ethnic group. Consequences for the future community inter-ethnic relations in the post-war societies and life limitations the children face are discussed.

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