scholarly journals (P1-88) Development of a First Hospital Based Trauma Registry at JPN Apex Trauma Center, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s127-s127
Author(s):  
A. Gupta ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
S. Sagar ◽  
M. Singhal ◽  
B. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Related Data

Although Injury is being looked into as a major public health problem in India, most of the data coming is mortality related data from the National Crime Records Bureau and projections based on that data. There is complete absence if injury related data both surveillance data as well as outcome based data. Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi is one of the pioneering centers to understand the need to record the injury related data of all trauma cases which are admitted to the Apex Center, thus establishing a first of its kind hospital based Trauma Registry in India. This trauma registry will serve as a means for collating trauma data that will further help in the evaluation, prevention, and research of trauma care and can be used for quality control and planning future research and injury prevention activities, in India. Later, the center has an objective of networking all regional hospitals for data collection with an aim to establish a National Trauma Registry. Although several trauma registry software's exist from Western hemisphere but the Apex Trauma Center decided to formulate and designed its own Trauma Registry form and develop the related software which includes: Basic Identification; Demographic profile; Brought by personnel and vehicle; Condition at time of arrival; ED Interventions; Detailed Diagnosis; Definitive Procedures; Disposition/ Outcome The Trauma registry is being maintained, under the leadership of a Faculty and the data is collected and entered by the Trauma Nurse Coordinators, who follow the patient from admission to discharge. The data collection for the JPNATC Trauma Registry had started w.e.f. April 2009, but initially there were usual problems of data loss and non-availability of data. This has been overcome gradually and we hope that the registry will attain its full potential in another year or so.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sexual Violence in Migrants, Applicants for International Protection, and Refugees in Europe: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis of the Evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotte De Schrijver ◽  
Tom Vander Beken ◽  
Barbara Krahé ◽  
Ines Keygnaert
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Critical Interpretive Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of

(1) Background: Sexual violence (SV) is a major public health problem, with negative socio-economic, physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health consequences. Migrants, applicants for international protection, and refugees (MARs) are vulnerable to SV. Since many European countries are seeing high migratory pressure, the development of prevention strategies and care paths focusing on victimised MARs is highly needed. To this end, this study reviews evidence on the prevalence of SV among MAR groups in Europe and the challenges encountered in research on this topic. (2) Methods: A critical interpretive synthesis of 25 peer-reviewed academic studies and 22 relevant grey literature documents was conducted based on a socio-ecological model. (3) Results: Evidence shows that SV is highly frequent in MARs in Europe, yet comparison with other groups is still difficult. Methodologically and ethically sound representative studies comparing between populations are still lacking. Challenges in researching SV in MARs are located at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, societal, and policy levels. (4) Conclusions: Future research should start with a clear definition of the concerned population and acts of SV to generate comparable data. Participatory qualitative research approaches could be applied to better grasp the complexity of interplaying determinants of SV in MARs.

Quetiapine XR reduce impulsivity and dissociation in a sample of alcoholic patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S312-S313
Author(s):  
M. Godio ◽  
M. Preve ◽  
N.E. Suardi ◽  
E. Bolla ◽  
R.A. Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Quetiapine Xr ◽  
Oral Naltrexone ◽  
Affective Temperament ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAlcohol dependence (AD) is a major public health problem. Currently, three drugs for the treatment of AD have been approved: acamprosate, disulfiram and oral naltrexone. Quetiapine XR is an atypical antipsychotic has been shown to be a promising medication for the treatment of alcoholism [1,2]. The aim of our study is evaluate quetiapine efficacy on impulsivity in a sample of alcoholic patients.MethodA sample of alcoholic patients (n = 40) was assessed at the entrance and 2 months with: SCID-P, Brief-Temps, BIS-11, GSR, BPRS, SCI-DER, and CGI. The medium dosage of quetiapine is 300 mg.ResultsUsing the last observation carried forward, the mean total BIS score decreased from 60.8 at baseline to 40.2 at the final visit (P = .03). More pronounced improvement was observed in motor impulsiveness (P < .03) and attentional impulsiveness (P < .05) compared with non-planning impulsiveness (P = .09). We observed an improvement in SCI-DER total score (P = .02), in particular in derealization (P = .03) and autopsychic depersonalization (P = .04). A mean weight gain of 4.8 kg was observed. There is not significant different related to the different affective temperament.Discussion and conclusionAnalyses revealed a significant effect of Quetiapine XR in improving impulsivity and dissociation, in particular motor and attentional impulsiveness, derealization and autopsychic depersonalization. Moreover, an improvement of dissociative symptoms is probably connected with the blockade of postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors [3]. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Molecular Interactions between Dietary Lipids and Bone Tissue during Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6473
Author(s):  
Jose M. Romero-Márquez ◽  
Alfonso Varela-López ◽  
María D. Navarro-Hortal ◽  
Alberto Badillo-Carrasco ◽  
Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Health ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Population ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Related

Age-related bone disorders such as osteoporosis or osteoarthritis are a major public health problem due to the functional disability for millions of people worldwide. Furthermore, fractures are associated with a higher degree of morbidity and mortality in the long term, which generates greater financial and health costs. As the world population becomes older, the incidence of this type of disease increases and this effect seems notably greater in those countries that present a more westernized lifestyle. Thus, increased efforts are directed toward reducing risks that need to focus not only on the prevention of bone diseases, but also on the treatment of persons already afflicted. Evidence is accumulating that dietary lipids play an important role in bone health which results relevant to develop effective interventions for prevent bone diseases or alterations, especially in the elderly segment of the population. This review focuses on evidence about the effects of dietary lipids on bone health and describes possible mechanisms to explain how lipids act on bone metabolism during aging. Little work, however, has been accomplished in humans, so this is a challenge for future research.

Suicide risk assessment: searching for true positive

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-223
Author(s):  
Evan Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Suicide is a major public health problem and the 10th leading cause of death in the United States. Due to low base rates and the numerous comorbid risk factors associated with suicide, accurate prediction is difficult. This is particularly true for adolescents and young adults. In this article, some associated risk factors are discussed in the context of two high-risk populations (young adult prison inmates and young adult veterans) and several recommendations are made for conducting suicide risk assesments. General prescriptions for intervention are also outlined with the goal of reducing overly defensive practice and increasing the likelihood that high-risk individuals will receive effective intervention. Finally, several suggestions for future research are made.

scholarly journals Stillbirths at the West Gonja hospital in northern Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
E.M. Der ◽  
F. Sutaa ◽  
T.B. Azongo ◽  
C. Kubio
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Gradual Rise ◽  
The Mean

In most parts of Ghana, stillbirths (SBs) do not count in routine mortality data collection and there-fore are not seen as a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to determine still-birth rate, trend, causes and factors associated with stillbirth at the West Gonja Hospital in northern Ghana and offer recommendations. This study reviewed antenatal cards of mothers and records in the labour and maternity wards for cases of SBs from January 2009 to December 2013 for foetal and maternal characteristics. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software (version 18, Chicago). There were 3,641 births and 121 SBs during the study period with an average SBs rate of 33.2 per 1000 births. There was a gradual rise in the annual incidence of SBs from 2.9% in 2009 to 3.9% in 2012. Majority (55.4%) of the SBs were fresh. A total of 58 (47. 9%) of the SBs had no identifiable cause. The mean gestational age of SBs was 34.8 weeks (SD=4.2), and the mean weight was 2.4 Kg (SD=0.8). Majority (73.9%) of the mothers were housewives. We found strong positive associations between SBs and maternal occupation (p<0.00), but negatives associations with maturity of pregnancy (p= 0.01), mode of delivery (p<0.00), type of pregnancy (p=0.04) and the causes of stillbirths (p<0.00). This study found a high SBs rate of 33.2 per 1000 births, with a gradual rise in the incidence over the study period. Many of the SBs had no identifiable cause. Most of the mothers who had stillbirths were house wives and many of the cases had no identifiable causes. There is the need for improve SBs data collection and the need for further investigations on the causes of stillbirth in Ghana.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2016) 5(1), 1-7Keywords: Mortality data, causes, incidence rate, parity, gestational week

Establishment, Functioning, Challenges, and One-Year Report of Uttar Pradesh’s First Apex Trauma Center

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 099-105
Author(s):  
Mallikarjun Gunjiganvi ◽  
Siddharth Rai ◽  
Rupali Awale ◽  
Amit Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Care ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Provide Quality Care ◽  
Level I

AbstractTrauma is a major public health problem across the world with significant morbidity and mortality. Broadly, it is a disease of middle-aged population and is assuming the status of an epidemic in the 21st century. Road traffic injuries are most common followed by railway injuries, industrial, farming, and domestic injuries, and many others in low- and middle-income countries. Severe traumatic brain injuries are the major proportion with concern for long-term cognitive impairment and high spinal cord injuries due to complete dependence. There is no comprehensive trauma care system covering all geography in India at present. The Government of India (GOI), in 2006, established Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, which is run by All India Institute of Medical Sciences at New Delhi as an apex center to provide quality care, training, research, and registry development. It acts as a role model center for the establishment of new centers and helps in upgradation of existing hospitals to provide quality care trauma services. To curb this epidemic of trauma, GOI envisioned National Trauma Care program during the 11th and 12th Five-Year Plans to strengthen the emergency facilities in government hospitals. Many new centers are coming up with various levels of trauma care across the country. Here we discuss the establishment, resources, initial challenges, trauma burden, and a year of report card of the Uttar Pradesh’s first Level I Apex Trauma Center of Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, established with a vision of providing state of the art Level I trauma care to the injured victims.

New Genetic Polymorphisms as Epidemiological Factor of Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Hyposodical Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina López-Toledo ◽  
Sergio A. Ramírez-García ◽  
Carlos E. Cabrera-Pivaral ◽  
Luis Javier Flores-Alvarado ◽  
Dalia Madrigal Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hereditary Syndromes ◽  
Different Populations

Abstract: Hypertension is a major public health problem, affecting more than a quarter of the world's population that causes serious cardiovascular problems. In recent years, different polymorphisms have been studied and helped to identify some candidate genes and hereditary syndromes associated to the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension. Therefore, it is important to identify these molecular mechanisms. This review exposes all the genes and polymorphisms that increase or decrease the risk of hypertension in different populations that are related to the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, G protein, salt excretion, aldosterone synthesis, lipid metabolism, mechanism of insulin resistance, vitamin metabolism, purines and sodium reabsorption. This document can be a useful tool in clinical practice, in addition to serving as a support for future research on this topic.

Addressing Intimate Partner Violence in Primary Care: Lessons From Chronic Illness Management

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Nicolaidis ◽  
Vasiliki Touhouliotis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Chronic Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care System

Though many studies have documented the high prevalence, morbidity, mortality and costs attributable to intimate partner violence (IPV), it is still unclear how our health care system should address this major public health problem. Many have advocated for routine screening, yet there is still insufficient evidence that routine IPV screening can lead to improved outcomes. Though recognition of IPV is very important, a screening paradigm may not be the optimal way to approach IPV within the health care system. For many patients, exposure to violence is a chronic condition, characterized by long-term abusive relationships, histories of childhood and community violence, multiple associated chronic symptoms, and extra barriers to addressing their other chronic illnesses. Thus, there may be important lessons to be learned from work being done in the area of chronic care. We explore how Wagner’s Chronic Care model may guide efforts to improve health care for IPV survivors and may serve as a framework for future research studies.

Breaking the Myths: New Treatment Approaches for Chronic Depression

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E Michalak ◽  
Raymond W Lam
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Optimal Treatment ◽  
Chronic Depression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment Standard ◽  
New Treatment

Background: Chronic depressive disorders are common, accounting for approximately one-third of all cases of depression and posing a major public health problem. In the past, chronic depression has been thought to be treatment-resistant, and evidence suggests that it is currently underdiagnosed, misdiagnosed, and suboptimally treated. Objectives: To review the subtypes of chronic depression and the evidence-base concerning their optimal treatment and to discuss some key clinical issues and areas of future research. Methods: We identified key studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by systematically searching electronic databases and hand searching specialist journals and bibliographies. Results: Chronic depressive disorders respond well to standard pharmacologic interventions in the acute and maintenance phases of treatment. Standard psychotherapies alone may not be efficacious for chronic depression (especially dysthymia). Recent evidence suggests that treatment combining psychotherapy and medications may be superior to either treatment alone. Conclusions: Chronic depressive disorders are amenable to treatment, provided that intervention is both thorough and intensive. Although our knowledge about the optimal treatment of chronic depression has developed rapidly, changes in clinical practice have been slower to evolve. Further research is required to assess the effectiveness of multimodal interventions for chronic depression in more naturalistic settings.

Substance Abuse and Drug-Related Death, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide: A Review

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Mino ◽  
Arnaud Bousquet ◽  
Barbara Broers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

The high mortality rate among drug users, which is partly due to the HIV epidemic and partly due to drug-related accidental deaths and suicides, presents a major public health problem. Knowing more about prevalence, incidence, and risk factors is important for the development of rational preventive and therapeutic programs. This article attempts to give an overview of studies of the relations between substance abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, and drug-related death. Research in this field is hampered by the absence of clear definitions, and results of studies are rarely comparable. There is, however, consensus about suicidal ideation being a risk factor for suicide attempts and suicide. Suicidal ideation is also a predictor of suicide, especially among drug users. It is correlated with an absence of family support, with the severity of the psychosocial dysfunctioning, and with multi-drug abuse, but also with requests for treatment. Every clinical examination of a drug user, not only of those who are depressed, should address the possible presence of suicidal ideation, as well as its intensity and duration.

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