scholarly journals Does eating family meals and having the television on during dinner correlate with overweight? A sub-study of the PRO GREENS project, looking at children from nine European countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2528-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Roos ◽  
Tuuli Pajunen ◽  
Carola Ray ◽  
Christel Lynch ◽  
Ása Gudrun Kristiansdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Task Force ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Pro Greens

AbstractObjectiveFamily meals have been negatively associated with overweight in children, while television (TV) viewing during meals has been associated with a poorer diet. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of eating family breakfast and dinner, and having a TV on during dinner, with overweight in nine European countries and whether these associations differed between Northern and Southern & Eastern Europe.DesignCross-sectional data. Schoolchildren reported family meals and TV viewing. BMI was based on parental reports on height and weight of their children. Cut-off points for overweight by the International Obesity Task Force were used. Logistic regressions were performed adjusted by age, gender and parental education.SettingSchools in Northern European (Sweden, the Netherlands, Iceland, Germany and Finland) and Southern & Eastern European (Portugal, Greece, Bulgaria and Slovenia) countries, participating in the PRO GREENS project.SubjectsChildren aged 10–12 years in (n 6316).ResultsIn the sample, 21 % of the children were overweight, from 35 % in Greece to 10 % in the Netherlands. Only a few associations were found between family meals and TV viewing during dinner with overweight in the nine countries. Northern European children, compared with other regions, were significantly more likely to be overweight if they had fewer family breakfasts and more often viewed TV during dinner.ConclusionsThe associations between family meals and TV viewing during dinner with overweight were few and showed significance only in Northern Europe. Differences in foods consumed during family meals and in health-related lifestyles between Northern and Southern & Eastern Europe may explain these discrepancies.

Investigating the Association Between Child Television Viewing and Measured Child Adiposity Outcomes in a Large Nationally Representative Sample of New Zealanders: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Matthew Hobbs ◽  
Stuart J.H. Biddle ◽  
Andrew P. Kingsnorth ◽  
Lukas Marek ◽  
Melanie Tomintz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: This study investigates the association between television (TV) viewing and child adiposity and if parental education and child ethnicity moderate this association. Method: Cross-sectional, pooled (2013/2014–2016/2017) adult and child New Zealand Health Survey were matched resulting in 13,039 children (2–14 y) and parent dyads. Child TV viewing was estimated using self-reported time for each weekday and weekend. The height (in centimeters), weight (in kilograms), and waist circumference of parents and children were measured. Childhood body mass index and obesity were defined using the International Obesity Task Force cutoff values. Effect modification was assessed by interaction and then by stratifying regression analyses by parent education (low, moderate, and high) and child ethnicity (Asian, European/other, Māori, and Pacific). Results: Overall, watching ≥2 hours TV on average per day in the past week, relative to <2 hours TV viewing, was associated with a higher odds of obesity (adjusted odds ratio = 1.291 [1.108–1.538]), higher body mass index z score (b = 0.123 [0.061–0.187]), and higher waist circumference (b = 0.546 [0.001–1.092]). Interactions considering this association by child ethnicity and parent education revealed little evidence of effect modification. Conclusion: While TV viewing was associated with child adiposity, the authors found little support for a moderating role of parental education and child ethnicity.

scholarly journals Parentalization of Same-Sex Couples: Family Formation and Leave Rights in Five Northern European Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 397-428
Author(s):  
Marie Evertsson ◽  
Eva Jaspers ◽  
Ylva Moberg
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Married Female

AbstractThis chapter introduces the concept of parentalization, defined as the ability to become parents and be recognized as such, both legally and via social policies. Applying the concept to same-sex couples, we examine how states may facilitate or hinder the transition to parenthood through laws and policies in five Northern European countries; Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Trends in the number of children zero years of age in married/cohabiting same-sex couples suggest a link between parentalization and realized parenthood. As partly indicated by these trends, parentalization is a gendered concept, and parenthood is more readily available to some couples than to others. Perhaps most importantly, very few same-sex couples have been able to jointly adopt a child. The fact that married female couples face fewer barriers to parentalization than other non-traditional couples partly reflects dominant norms on gender and motherhood.

scholarly journals The Association between Children’s and Parents’ Co-TV Viewing and Their Total Screen Time in Six European Countries: Cross-Sectional Data from the Feel4diabetes-Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Latomme ◽  
Vicky Van Stappen ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Philip Morgan ◽  
Mina Lateva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Specific Association

In many European children, high levels of screen time can be found, which is associated with several adverse health outcomes. Therefore, there is a need for identifying effective intervention strategies that reduce screen time in children. A factor that may contribute to excessive screen time in children may be “co-TV viewing” (i.e., the time that parents and children spend on watching TV together), as parents often recognize the importance of limiting children’s (individual) screen time, but often encourage TV viewing as a family because of its perceived benefits (e.g., educational purposes). The primary aim of this study was to investigate the (sex-specific) association between co-TV viewing and both children’s and parents’ screen time, and these associations were investigated across and within six European countries. In total, 10,969 parents (Meanage = 40.7 ± 5.3 years, MeanBMI = 24.4 ± 4.6) of primary school children (Meanage = 8.2 ± 1.0 years, 49.0% boys, MeanBMI = 17.3 ± 2.8) completed a questionnaire assessing co-TV viewing and screen time. Multilevel regression analyses were conducted. Across countries, positive associations were found between co-TV viewing and both children’s (β = 11.85, SE = 3.69, p < 0.001) and parents’ screen time (β = 14.47, SE = 4.43, p = 0.001). Similar associations were found in most (but not all) countries. The results suggest that targeting co-TV viewing might be a promising intervention strategy because of its potential to limit screen time of both children and parents.

scholarly journals Food and drink intake during television viewing in adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Rey-López ◽  
German Vicente-Rodríguez ◽  
Judith Répásy ◽  
Maria Isabel Mesana ◽  
Jonatan R Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Watching Tv

AbstractObjectiveTo compare food consumption during television (TV) viewing among adolescents who watched >2 h/d v. ≤2 h/d; and to examine the association between sociodemographic variables (age, gender and socio-economic status (SES)) and the consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks during TV viewing.DesignThe data are part of the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) cross-sectional survey. Data on time watching TV, types of foods and drinks consuming during TV viewing and parental SES (parental education, parental occupation and family affluence) were measured by questionnaires completed by adolescents. Binary logistic regression tested the association between energy-dense foods and drinks and (i) sociodemographic variables and (ii) TV time.SettingGhent (Belgium), Heraklion (Greece), Pecs (Hungary) and Zaragoza (Spain).SubjectsGirls (n 699) and boys (n 637) aged 12·5–17·5 years.ResultsBoys reported more frequent consumption of beer and soft drinks whereas girls selected more fruit juice, water, herbal infusions and sweets (all P ≤ 0·05). Watching TV for >2 h/d was associated with the consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks. Girls whose mothers achieved the lowest education level had an adjusted OR of 3·22 (95 % CI 1·81, 5·72) for the consumption of energy-dense drinks during TV viewing v. those whose mothers had the highest educational level.ConclusionsExcessive TV watching may favour concurrent consumption of energy-dense snacks and beverages. Adolescents from low-SES families are more likely to consume unhealthy drinks while watching TV.

scholarly journals Timing of eating across ten European countries – results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ena Huseinovic ◽  
Anna Winkvist ◽  
Heinz Freisling ◽  
Nadia Slimani ◽  
Heiner Boeing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Calibration Study ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Intake Ratio ◽  
Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjectiveTo examine timing of eating across ten European countries.DesignCross-sectional analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration study using standardized 24 h diet recalls collected during 1995–2000. Eleven predefined food consumption occasions were assessed during the recall interview. We present time of consumption of meals and snacks as well as the later:earlier energy intake ratio, with earlier and later intakes defined as 06.00–14.00 and 15.00–24.00 hours, respectively. Type III tests were used to examine associations of sociodemographic, lifestyle and health variables with timing of energy intake.SettingTen Western European countries.SubjectsIn total, 22 985 women and 13 035 men aged 35–74 years (n 36 020).ResultsA south–north gradient was observed for timing of eating, with later consumption of meals and snacks in Mediterranean countries compared with Central and Northern European countries. However, the energy load was reversed, with the later:earlier energy intake ratio ranging from 0·68 (France) to 1·39 (Norway) among women, and from 0·71 (Greece) to 1·35 (the Netherlands) among men. Among women, country, age, education, marital status, smoking, day of recall and season were all independently associated with timing of energy intake (all P<0·05). Among men, the corresponding variables were country, age, education, smoking, physical activity, BMI and day of recall (all P<0·05).ConclusionsWe found pronounced differences in timing of eating across Europe, with later meal timetables but greater energy load earlier during the day in Mediterranean countries compared with Central and Northern European countries.

scholarly journals Mediation of parental educational level on fruit and vegetable intake among schoolchildren in ten European countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elviira Lehto ◽  
Carola Ray ◽  
Saskia te Velde ◽  
Stefka Petrova ◽  
Vesselka Duleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Parental Educational Level ◽  
Pro Greens ◽  
Country Specific

AbstractObjectiveTo examine which factors act as mediators between parental educational level and children's fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake in ten European countries.DesignCross-sectional data were collected in ten European countries participating in the PRO GREENS project (2009). Schoolchildren completed a validated FFQ about their daily F&V intake and filled in a questionnaire about availability of F&V at home, parental facilitation of F&V intake, knowledge of recommendations about F&V intake, self-efficacy to eat F&V and liking for F&V. Parental educational level was determined from a questionnaire given to parents. The associations were examined with multilevel mediation analyses.SettingSchools in Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Greece, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia and Sweden.SubjectsEleven-year-old children (n 8159, response rate 72%) and their parents.ResultsIn five of the ten countries, children with higher educated parents were more likely to report eating fruits daily. This association was mainly mediated by knowledge but self-efficacy, liking, availability and facilitation also acted as mediators in some countries. Parents’ education was positively associated with their children's daily vegetable intake in seven countries, with knowledge and availability being the strongest mediators and self-efficacy and liking acting as mediators to some degree.ConclusionsParental educational level correlated positively with children's daily F&V intake in most countries and the pattern of mediation varied among the participating countries. Future intervention studies that endeavour to decrease the educational-level differences in F&V intake should take into account country-specific features in the relevant determinants of F&V intake.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among European Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression by Food Group Consumption

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrido-Miguel ◽  
Oliveira ◽  
Cavero-Redondo ◽  
Álvarez-Bueno ◽  
Pozuelo-Carrascosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Estimates

The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among European children aged 2–7 years from 2006 to 2016 and to analyze these estimations by gender, country, and food group consumption. We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases from their inception until 27 February 2019 including cross-sectional studies and baseline measurements of cohort studies with overweight and obesity defined according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Both the inverse-variance fixed-effects method and the DerSimonian and Laird random effects method were used to determinate pooled prevalence estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 32 studies (n = 197,755 children) with data from 27 European countries were included. Overall, the pooled prevalence estimates of overweight/obesity in European children (aged 2–7 years) during the period 2006–2016 was 17.9% (95% CI: 15.8–20.0), and the pooled prevalence estimate of obesity was 5.3% (95% CI: 4.5–6.1). Southern European countries showed the highest prevalence of excess weight. Additional measures to address the obesity epidemic in early life should be established, especially in European countries where the prevalence of excess weight is very high.

scholarly journals Cyberbullying and Obesity in Adolescents: Prevalence and Associations in Seven European Countries of the EU NET ADB Survey

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Theodoros N. Sergentanis ◽  
Sofia D. Bampalitsa ◽  
Paraskevi Theofilou ◽  
Eleni Panagouli ◽  
Elpis Vlachopapadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Overweight Adolescents ◽  
The Eu

Background: overweight and obese individuals may often face aggressive messages or comments on the internet. This study attempts to evaluate the association between cyberbullying victimization and overweight/obesity in adolescents participating in the European Network for Addictive Behavior (EU NET ADB) survey. Methods: a school-based cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 14–17.9 years was conducted (n = 8785) within the EU NET ADB survey, including data from seven European countries (Germany, Greece, Iceland, the Netherlands, Romania, Poland, Spain). Complex samples and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: overall, overweight adolescents were more likely to have been cyberbullied compared to their normal weight peers (adjusted OR (Odds ratio) = 1.20, CI (confidence intervals): 1.01–1.42); this association was pronounced in Germany (adjusted OR = 1.58, CI: 1.11–2.25). In Iceland, obese adolescents reported cyberbullying victimization more frequently compared to their normal weight peers (adjusted OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.00–8.19). No significant associations with cyberbullying victimization were identified either for obese or overweight adolescents in Greece, Spain, Romania, Poland, and the Netherlands. Conclusions: this study reveals an overall association between cyberbullying victimization and overweight on the basis of a sizable, representative sample of adolescent population from seven European countries. Country-specific differences might reflect differential behavioral perceptions, but also normalization aspects.

scholarly journals The association of breakfast skipping and television viewing at breakfast with weight status among parents of 10–12-year-olds in eight European countries; the ENERGY (EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth) cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 906-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Birgit Bjørnarå ◽  
Frøydis N Vik ◽  
Johannes Brug ◽  
Yannis Manios ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Excessive Weight

AbstractObjectiveThe main objective was to assess the relationship of breakfast skipping, television (TV) viewing at breakfast and breakfast without TV with weight status among parents of 10–12-year-olds in eight European countries.DesignA cross-sectional survey assessed breakfast eating and TV viewing at breakfast by three frequency questions and parents were categorized into: (i) breakfast skippers; (ii) breakfast with TV (TV watchers at breakfast); and (iii) breakfast without TV (breakfast eaters who do not watch TV during breakfast). Self-reported weight and height were used to categorize weight status as underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted with weight status as the dependent variable and breakfast habits as predictors, adjusting for sex, ethnicity and level of education.SettingThe survey was conducted in 2010 in 199 primary schools across eight European countries participating in the ENERGY (EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth) cross-sectional study.SubjectsParents (n 6512) of 10–12-year-olds responded to the questionnaire.ResultsIn the total study sample, with breakfast without TV as the reference group and adjusting for sex, ethnicity and level of education, the OR of being respectively overweight or obese (compared with normal weight) was 1·2 (95 % CI 1·0, 1·4) or 1·8 (95 % CI 1·5, 2·3) for breakfast skippers. The OR of being respectively underweight or obese was 0·5 (95 % CI 0·2, 0·9) or 1·4 (95 % CI 1·1, 1·8) for breakfast with TV.ConclusionsBreakfast skippers were significantly more likely to be overweight and obese, and those eating breakfast while watching TV were significantly more likely to be obese and less likely to be underweight.

scholarly journals Dietary sources and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors affecting vitamin D and calcium intakes in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1593-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Julián ◽  
Theodora Mouratidou ◽  
Germán Vicente-Rodriguez ◽  
Luis Gracia-Marco ◽  
Jara Valtueña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate dietary sources of Ca and vitamin D (VitD) intakes, and the associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, among European adolescents.DesignLinear regression mixed models were used to examine sex-specific associations of Ca and VitD intakes with parental education, family affluence (FAS), physical activity and television (TV) watching while controlling for age, Tanner stage, energy intake and diet quality.SettingThe Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA)Cross-Sectional Study.SubjectsAdolescents aged 12·5–17·5 years (n 1804).ResultsMilk and cheese were the main sources of Ca (23 and 19 % contribution to overall Ca intake, respectively). Fish products were the main VitD source (30 % contribution to overall VitD intake). Ca intake was positively associated with maternal education (β=56·41; 95 % CI 1·98, 110·82) and negatively associated with TV viewing in boys (β=–0·43; 95 % CI −0·79, −0·07); however, the significance of these associations disappeared when adjusting for diet quality. In girls, Ca intake was positively associated with mother’s (β=73·08; 95 % CI 34·41, 111·74) and father’s education (β=43·29; 95 % CI 5·44, 81·14) and FAS (β=37·45; 95 % CI 2·25, 72·65). This association between Ca intake and mother’s education remained significant after further adjustment for diet quality (β=41·66; 95 % CI 0·94, 82·38). Girls with high-educated mothers had higher Ca intake.ConclusionsLow-educated families with poor diet quality may be targeted when strategizing health promotion programmes to enhance dietary Ca.

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