A culture-sensitive semi-quantitative FFQ for use among the adult population in Nairobi, Kenya: development, validity and reproducibility

Abstract Objective: To develop a semi-quantitative FFQ and to evaluate its validity and reproducibility for the assessment of total dietary intake of Kenyan urban adult population, given its non-existence in Kenya. Design: The current study adopted a cross-sectional design. A culture-sensitive semi-quantitative FFQ was developed and its validity was tested relative to three non-consecutive 24-h recalls (24hR). Reproducibility was tested by the test–retest method, with a 3-week interval. Spearman’s correlation coefficients and intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated for several macro- and micronutrients. Cross-classification into quartiles and Bland and Altman plots were analysed. Setting: Nairobi county (Dagoreti South and Starehe constituencies). Participants: A convenient sample was recruited in three different clusters in Nairobi. Results: A culture-sensitive 123-food-item semi-quantitative FFQ showed higher nutrient intakes compared with the 24hR (total energy median 12543·632 v. 8501·888 kJ, P < 0·001). Energy-adjusted and deattenuated Spearman’s correlations for macronutrients ranged between 0·21 (total fat) and 0·47 (protein). The agreement in the same quartile varied from 28 % (protein) to 41 % (carbohydrates). Including adjacent quartiles, the range increased: 76 % (protein and fat) to 81 % (carbohydrates). The extreme disagreement was low. The first FFQ application resulted in higher mean values for all nutrients compared with the second FFQ (total energy median 12459·952 v. 10485·104 kJ, P < 0·001). Energy-adjusted correlations for macronutrients ranged from 0·28 (carbohydrates) to 0·61 (protein). Intra-class correlation coefficients for macronutrients were moderate, between 0·6 and 0·7. Conclusions: The developed semi-quantitative FFQ was shown to be a valid and reproducible tool for ranking urban adult Kenyans according to their dietary intake.

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Validation of a food-frequency questionnaire for cohort studies in rural Japan

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1079/phn2002411 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 147-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Keiko Ogawa ◽

Yoshitaka Tsubono ◽

Yoshikazu Nishino ◽

Yoko Watanabe ◽

Takayoshi Ohkubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Studies ◽

Total Energy ◽

Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Food Groups ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Food Items ◽

Miyagi Prefecture

AbstractObjectives:To examine the validity and reproducibility of a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used for two cohort studies in Japan.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Two rural towns in the Miyagi Prefecture, in north-eastern Japan.Subjects:Fifty-five men and 58 women.Results:A 40-item FFQ was administered twice, 1 year apart. In the mean time, four 3-day diet records (DRs) were collected in four seasons within the year. We calculated daily consumption of total energy and 15 nutrients, 40 food items and nine food groups from the FFQs and the DRs. We computed Spearman correlation coefficients between the FFQs and the DRs. With adjustment for age, total energy and deattenuation for measurement error with the DRs, the correlation coefficients for nutrient intakes ranged from 0.25 to 0.58 in men and from 0.30 to 0.69 in women, with median of 0.43 and 0.43, respectively. Median (range) of the correlation coefficients was 0.35 (−0.30 to 0.72) in men and 0.34 (−0.06 to 0.75) in women for food items and 0.60 (−0.10 to 0.76) and 0.51 (0.28–0.70) for food groups, respectively. Median (range) of the correlation coefficients for the two FFQs administered 1 year apart was 0.49 (0.31–0.71) in men and 0.50 (0.40–0.64) in women for nutrients, 0.43 (0.14–0.76) and 0.45 (0.06–0.74) respectively for food items, and 0.50 (0.30–0.70) and 0.57 (0.39–0.66) respectively for food groups. Relatively higher agreement percentages for intakes of nutrients and food groups with high validity were obtained together with lower complete disagreement percentages.Conclusions:The FFQ has a high reproducibility and a reasonably good validity, and is useful in assessing the usual intakes of nutrients, foods and food groups among a rural Japanese population.

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Dietary Intake of Adult Residents in Luxembourg Taking Part in Two Cross-Sectional Studies—ORISCAV-LUX (2007–2008) and ORISCAV-LUX 2 (2016–2017)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4382

Author(s):

Farhad Vahid ◽

Alex Brito ◽

Gwenaëlle Le Coroller ◽

Michel Vaillant ◽

Hanen Samouda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Food Group ◽

High Energy ◽

Population Based ◽

Food Composition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

Total Fat

Background: A balanced diet is an important lifestyle component and has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. Objectives: To assess dietary intake of adult residents in Luxembourg taking part in two population-based cross-sectional studies (ORISCAV-LUX, 2007–2008 and ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017). Methods: Dietary intake of the study participants (1242 in 2007/08 and 1326 in 2016/17), 25–69 years old, were evaluated using food-frequency questionnaires (134 items in 2007/2008 and 174 items in 2016/2017) according to the French ANSES-CIQUAL food composition database. Both food-group- and nutrient-based analyses were conducted. Results: Dietary patterns in ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017, were characterized by an increase in the estimated marginal means (EMM) of the intake of energy, total fat, saturated fatty acids, alcohol, and decreased EMM of total carbohydrates, magnesium, and calcium compared to 2007/08. We also observed an increased EMM of the intake of protein-rich food items and ready-to-eat foods/fast foods, together with a decreased intake of grains, dairy products, and vegetables (all p-values <0.05, linear mixed models). The intake of most micronutrients was stable or slightly increased in ORISCAV-LUX 2 vs. ORISCAV-LUX, except for the drop in magnesium and calcium, and generally met recommendations, in particular, EFSA population reference intakes (PRI), except for vitamin D. Conclusions: Though most micronutrient recommendations were met, nutrient consumption in terms of high energy, total fat, and sodium, as well as low carbohydrates, were not aligned with recommendations for balanced eating.

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Reliability and Validity of a Novel Wearable Device for Measuring Elbow Strength

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20123412 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 3412

Author(s):

Marcus Brookshaw ◽

Andrew Sexton ◽

Chris A. McGibbon

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Random Order ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Strength Measurement ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Improve Measurement ◽

Elbow Flexors And Extensors ◽

Muscle Groups

Muscle strength is an important clinical outcome in rehabilitation and sport medicine, but options are limited to expensive but accurate isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) or inexpensive but less accurate hand-held dynamometers (HHD). A wearable, self-stabilizing, limb strength measurement device (LSMD) was developed to fill the current gap in portable strength measurement devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the LSMD in healthy adults. Twenty healthy adults were recruited to attend two strength testing sessions where elbow flexor and extensor strength was measured with the LSMD, with HHD and with IKD in random order, by two raters. Outcomes were intra-rater repeatability, inter-rater reproducibility and inter-session reproducibility using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Limits of agreement and weighted least products regression were used to test the validity of the LSMD relative to the criterion standard (IKD), and calibration formulas derived to improve measurement fidelity. ICC values for the LSMD were >0.90 for all measures of reliability and for both muscle groups, but over-predicted extensor strength and under-predicted flexor strength. Validity was established by transforming the data with the criterion standard-based calibration. These data indicate that the LSMD is reliable and conditionally valid for quantifying strength of elbow flexors and extensors in a healthy adult population.

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Dietary profile of urban adult population in South India in the context of chronic disease epidemiology (CURES – 68)

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001000203x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 591-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Ganesan Radhika ◽

Rangaswamy M Sathya ◽

Anbazhagan Ganesan ◽

Raghavan Saroja ◽

Parthasarathy Vijayalakshmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

South India ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Adult Population ◽

Meat Products ◽

Fats And Oils ◽

Population Based ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Indian

AbstractObjectiveFew dietary surveys have been done with reference to chronic diseases, such as diabetes, in India, which is considered to be the diabetes capital of the world. We report on the dietary intake of urban adults living in Chennai, South India.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.SettingA representative population of urban Chennai in southern India.SubjectsThe study population comprised 2042 individuals aged ≥20 years selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was measured using a validated and previously published interviewer-administered semi-quantitative meal-based FFQ.ResultsThe mean daily energy intake was 10 393 (sd 2347) kJ (male: 10953 (sd 2364) kJ v. female: 9832 (sd 233) kJ). Carbohydrates were the major source of energy (64 %), followed by fat (24 %) and protein (12 %). Refined cereals contributed to the bulk of the energy (45·8 %), followed by visible fats and oils (12·4 %) and pulses and legumes (7·8 %). However, energy supply from sugar and sweetened beverages was within the recommended levels. Intake of micronutrient-rich foods, such as fruit and vegetable consumption (265 g/d), and fish and seafoods (20 g/d), was far below the FAO/WHO recommendation. Dairy and meat products intake was within the national recommended intake.ConclusionsThe diet of this urban South Indian population consists mainly of refined cereals with low intake of fish, fruit and vegetables, and all of these could possibly contribute to the risk of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes in this population.

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Dietary intake and the insulin-like growth factor system: effects of migration in two related populations in India and Britain with markedly different dietary intake

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1079/phn2005729 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 620-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

AH Heald ◽

R Sharma ◽

SG Anderson ◽

A Vyas ◽

K Siddals ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Total Energy ◽

Macronutrient Intake ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Igf System ◽

Igf I ◽

Total Fat ◽

Igfbp 3

AbstractBackgroundThe insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.ObjectiveWe report the effects of total energy intake on the IGF system in two populations with markedly different dietary macronutrient intake and cardiovascular event rate.Design, subjects and settingDietary macronutrient intake was measured in a specific Gujarati migrant community in Sandwell, UK (n = 205) compared with people still resident in the same villages of origin in India (n = 246). Fasting IGF-I, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and IGFBP-3, insulin and glucose (0 and 2-hour) were measured.ResultsTotal energy and total fat intake were higher in UK migrants, as were IGFBP-3 and IGF-I (mean (95% confidence interval): 145.9 (138.1–153.6) vs. 100.9 (94.6–107.3) ng ml-1; F = 76.6, P < 0.001). IGFBP-1 was lower in UK migrants (29.5 (25.9–33.0) vs. 56.5 (50.6–62.5) μg l-1; F = 48.4, P < 0.001). At both sites, IGF-I correlated positively with total energy (Spearman's ρ = 0.45, P < 0.001) and total fat (ρ = 0.44, P < 0.001) as did IGFBP-3 with total energy (ρ = 0.21, P < 0.05) and fat (ρ = 0.26, P < 0.001). Conversely, in Indian Gujaratis, IGFBP-1 fell with increasing total energy (ρ = -0.27, P < 0.001) and fat intake (ρ = -0.26, P < 0.01) but not in UK Gujaratis. Multiple linear regression modelling showed that increasing quartiles of fat intake were associated with higher IGF-I (β = 0.42, P = 0.007) independent of age, body mass index, plasma insulin, fatty acids and 2-hour glucose.ConclusionIn these genetically similar groups, migration to the UK and adoption of a different diet is associated with marked changes in the IGF system, suggesting that environmental factors profoundly modulate serum concentrations and actions of IGFs.

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Tingkat kecemasan, asupan makan, dan status gizi pada lansia di Kota Yogyakarta

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.23022 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ninna Rohmawati ◽

Ahmad Husein Asdie ◽

Susetyowati Susetyowati

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Anxiety Level ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arm Span ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Background: Psychological factors such as anxiety have significant contributions in determining dietary intake and nutritional status of elderly. Prevalence of malnutrition in elderly has achieved significant level.Objective: To determine the correlation between anxiety level with dietary intake and nutritional status of elderly in Yogyakarta municipality.Method: This research was observational with cross sectional design. Subjects were elderly in Yogyakarta municipality who fulfilled inclusion criteria. Research subjects consisted of 214 people. Anxiety level was measured with trait-manifest anxiety scale (T-MAS) form, dietary intake with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) method, and nutritional status was determined based on body mass arm span (BMA). Data were analyzed with Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression.Results: A percentage of 26.2% subjects had moderate anxiety level. Most dominant factors that influenced anxiety level was sex (OR=3.37). Bivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between anxiety level and nutritional status (p<0.05), subjects with moderate anxiety level were more likely to have higher nutritional status (OR=3.54) and lower nutritional status (OR=2.29). Significant correlation was found between moderate anxiety level with excessive dietary intake (p<0.001; OR=6.22). Significant correlation was also found between dietary intake with nutritional status (p<0.05), subjects with excessive dietary intake were more likely to have higher nutritional status (OR=6.15).Conclusion: Significant correlation was found between anxiety level and nutritional status. Significant correlation was also found between anxiety level and dietary intake, and significant correlation was found between dietary intake and nutritional status.

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PERBANDINGAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA OBES 1 DAN OBES 2

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.1.1.2013.4563 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Inri A. H. Oway ◽

Sonny J. R. Kalangi ◽

Taufik Pasiak

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Design Research ◽

Observational Method ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Test Of Hypothesis ◽

The Mean ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Academic Year ◽

Health Objective

Abstract. Background. Triglycerides are a type of fat that can be found in blood which are stored the most in human body. Triglycerides are used as an energy source for various metabolic processes. High levels of triglycerides can lead to various health problems. Elevated triglycerides levels can be caused by various things, such as obesity. Obesity results when fat accumulates in body. Obesity and elevated triglycerides levels can affect human health. Objective. The aim for this research was to compare triglyceride levels of obese 1 and obese 2 students of Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University. Method. An observational method with cross sectional design research was done to compare triglyceride levels in obese 1 and obese 2 students of Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University academic year 2010 and 2011. In the number of 49 people, (30 people were obese 1 and 19 people were obese 2). The data were analyzed using SPSS, test of hypothesis used Mann Whitney. Result. The mean values of triglyceride levels in obese 1 students were 69,00 mg/dL and in obese 2 students were 85,53 mg/dL. Conclusion. There were significant differences on triglyceride levels in obese 1 and obese 2. Keyword: fat, obesity, triglyceride. Abstrak. Latar Belakang. Trigliserida merupakan jenis lemak yang paling banyak pada tubuh manusia dan dapat ditemukan dalam darah. Trigliserida berguna sebagai sumber energi untuk berbagai proses metabolik tubuh. Akan tetapi jika kadar trigliserida terlalu tinggi maka dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Peningkatan kadar trigliserida dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai hal, salah satunya karena obesitas. Obesitas terjadi karena peningkatan akumulasi lemak dalam tubuh. Obesitas dan peningkatan kadar trigliserida dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kesehatan seseorang. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kadar trigliserida pada mahasiswa obes 1 dan obes 2 Angkatan 2010 dan 2011 di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Metode. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasional dan desain studi cross sectional untuk membandingkan kadar trigliserida pada mahasiswa obes 1 dan obes 2 Angkatan 2010 dan 2011 di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 49 orang yang terdiri dari 30 orang obes 1 dan 19 orang obes 2. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS dan uji hipotesis menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil. Kadar trigliserida rata-rata pada obes 1 sebesar 69,00 mg/dL dan kadar trigliserida rata-rata pada obes 2 sebesar 85,53 mg/dL. Kesimpulan. Secara statistik terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar trigliserida pada obes 1 dan obes 2. Kata Kunci: lemak, obesitas, trigliserida.

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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DIPHTERIA IN PURWAKARTA REGENCY INDONESIA

Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR) ◽

10.26555/eshr.v1i1.935 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Siwi Pramatama Mars Wijayanti ◽

Alfianti Nur Fadillah

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Community Leader ◽

Local Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Preventive Effort ◽

Infected Adult ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Background: Diphtheria is considered as a neglected disease since it was successfully eliminated in many countries. However, there were several sporadic re-emergence cases of Diphtheria and the peak was outbreak in Indonesia in 2017. This research was a descriptive study aimed to explore epidemiology of diphtheria by person, time and place in one of diphtheria endemic area.Methods: This was a descriptive study with cross sectional design in Purwakarta Regency, West Java, Indonesia in 2018. Several data were collected in this study such as diphtheria cases by age, time of occurrence, gender, place and immunization status. The data was collected from Purwakarta Health Office. It was the data from the year of 2015-2017. The data was analysed by using descriptive analysis with percentages displayed in graphs and tables.Results: This study reveals that Purwakarta regency is an endemic area of diphtheria with fluctuated cases since 2015-2017. More cases of diphtheria occurred from September to December in rainy season. More cases suffered by children in 5-9 years old, however, this disease also infected adult population. The area with high diphtheria cases in this study also areas with high population densities which is conducive for C diphteriae transmission. Low coverage of immunization is highlighted in the result of this study, which could explain why diphtheria cases occurred continuously in this area.Conclusions: High number of diphtherias in this area should be an awareness for local health officer to do an effective preventive effort such as increasing the coverage of vaccination. Furthermore, optimizing the role of religious and community leader should be made to support diphtheria vaccination programs.

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The reliability of the Danish version of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/03080226211030090 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030802262110300

Author(s):

Anette Enemark Larsen ◽

Sonja Wehberg ◽

Jeanette R Christensen

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Occupational Therapists ◽

Performance Measure ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Mean Values ◽

Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ◽

Danish Version ◽

Performance Issues

Introduction This study aims to assess the reliability of the Danish version of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Method 151 clients, 42.4% male, mean age 66.9 years ( SD: 14.4, range: 16–90), from two hospitals and two rehabilitation centres were interviewed twice with the COPM over a ten-day mean interval ( SD: 4.9, range: 2–27) either by the same (intra-rater) or two different occupational therapists (inter-rater). Data were analysed with intra-class correlation coefficients, coefficient of repeatability, and Bland–Altman plots. Results 823 occupational performance issues were prioritized of which 41%, 338 occupational performance issues (95% CI: 37.7–44.5), were mentioned in both interviews. The intra-class correlation coefficients were 59.8 (95% CI-intra-class correlation coefficients: 49.3–69.5) (COPM), 73.5 (95% CI intra-class correlation coefficients: 65.5-80.2) (COPM-Performance), and 71.8 (95% CI intra-class correlation coefficients: 63.4–78.8) (COPM-Satisfaction). The limits of agreement were −2.83 to 3.05 for the COPM-Performance and −3.50–3.53 for the COPM-Satisfaction. The COPM-Importance scores were highest when obtained by two raters, but opposite for the scores of the COPM-Performance and COPM-Satisfaction. The coefficient of repeatability roughly showed a change in +/- three points (COPM-Importance: 2.67; COPM-Performance: 2.94; and COPM-Satisfaction: 3.52). Correspondingly, Bland–Altman plots showed limits of agreement for the mean values of −2.71 and 3.53, respectively. Conclusions The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the COPM were moderate across settings, clients and rater experiences.

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Effects of dietary factors on iron status and body mass index in students

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.608 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (9) ◽

pp. 2135-2138

Author(s):

Niaz Hussain Jamali ◽

Zulfiqar Ali Laghari ◽

Anwar Ali Jamali ◽

Arsalan Ahmer ◽

Rao Irfan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Body Mass ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Iron Status ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to analysing the correlation between dietary factors, including meat, milk, egg and fruit to Serum ferritin (S.f) and Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in students. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 1686 normal volunteers were randomly selected from Government Schools during the period of September 2015 to April 2016. Data concerning dietary intake such as meat, milk, egg and fruits were taken. Baseline levels for volunteers were specified after collection of data like personal, anthropometery and dietary intake to determine Hb and S.f levels. Results: Observation of mean values such as 18.7kg/m2 for Body Mass Index (BMI), 12.2g/dl for Haemoglobin and 88.0µg/l for Serum ferritin were taken from all samples. The mean values for Hb 14.6g/dl, S.f 190.0µg/l, and BMI 21.50kg/m2 were higher for volunteers with high meat intake as compared to other dietary elements. However, dietary factors such as meat, egg and fruits showed significant association with Hb, S.f, BMI and monthly income, however milk consumption has non significant association with haemoglobin at P<0.01 level. Conclusion: Iron status in blood is significantly affected by dietary intake such as meat, milk, fruits and eggs. However, dietary habits in population are highly affected by other socioeconomic factors such as lifestyle and income. Although dietary intake on daily basis, enhanced the Hb and Serum ferritin levels, but meat takers showed higher values than other food components so it is recommended that meat should be taken more for the management of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA). Continuous...

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