Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and Mediterranean diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions

Abstract Objective: We aimed to investigate the association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style diet and Mediterranean-style diet with blood pressure in less-developed ethnic minority regions (LMERs). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Dietary intakes were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary quality was assessed by the DASH-style diet score and the alternative Mediterranean-style diet (aMED) score. The association between dietary quality and blood pressure was evaluated using multivariate linear regression model. We further examined those associations in subgroups of blood pressure level. Participants: A total of 81433 adults from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study were included in this study. Results: In the overall population, compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile of DASH-style diet score was negatively associated with systolic BP (coefficient: −2.78, 95% CI: −3.15 to −2.41; P-trend<0.001), while the highest quintile of aMED score had a weaker negative association with systolic BP (coefficient: −1.43, 95% CI: −1.81 to −1.05; P-trend<0.001). Both dietary indices also showed a weaker effect on diastolic BP (coefficient for DASH-style diet: −1.06, 95% CI: −1.30 to −0.82; coefficient for aMED: −0.43, 95% CI: −0.68 to −0.19). In the subgroup analysis, both dietary indices showed a stronger beneficial effect on systolic BP in the hypertension group than in either of the other subgroups. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the healthy diet originating from Western developed countries can also have beneficial effects on blood pressure in LEMRs. DASH-style diet may be a more appropriate recommendation than aMED as part of a dietary strategy to control blood pressure, especially in hypertensive patients.

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Validity of two short screeners for diet quality in time-limited settings

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011001923 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 618-626 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Helmut Schröder ◽

Alejandra Benitez Arciniega ◽

Cristina Soler ◽

Maria-Isabel Covas ◽

José Miguel Baena-Díez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Population Based ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Diet Score ◽

Dietary Indices ◽

Population Based Survey

AbstractObjectiveAn urgent need in dietary assessment is the development of short tools that provide valid assessments of dietary quality for use in time-limited settings. The present study assessed concurrent and construct validity of the short Diet Quality Screener (sDQS) and brief Mediterranean Diet Screener (bMDSC) questionnaires.DesignRelative validity was measured by comparing three dietary quality indices – the Diet Quality Index (DQI), the modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS) and the Antioxidant Score (ANTOX-S) – derived from the two questionnaires with those from multiple 24 h recalls over 12 months. Construct validity was demonstrated by correlations between average nutrient intake recorded on multiple 24 h recalls and the DQI, mMDS and ANTOX-S derived by the short screeners.SettingBoth short questionnaires were administered to 102 participants recruited from a population-based survey in Spain.ResultsDQI, mMDS and ANTOX-S correlated (P < 0·001) with the corresponding 24 h recall indices (r = 0·61, 0·40 and 0·45, respectively). Limits of agreement lay between 96 and 126 %, 59 and 144 % and 61 and 118 % for the DQI, ANTOX-S and mMDS, respectively. Dietary intakes of fibre, vitamin C, vitamin E, Mg and K reported on the 24 h recalls were positively associated (P < 0·04) with the DQI, mMDS and ANTOX-S indices.ConclusionsThe sDQS and bMDSC provide reasonable approximations to food-based dietary indices and accurately situate subjects within the indices constructed for the present validation study.

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Pregnant Women Living with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study of Dietary Quality and Pregnancy Outcomes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1652

Author(s):

Margaret Charnley ◽

Lisa Newson ◽

Andrew Weeks ◽

Julie Abayomi

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Maternal Nutrition ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional

Good maternal nutrition is key to optimal maternal and foetal health. A poor-quality diet is often associated with obesity, and the prevalence and severity of maternal obesity has increased significantly in recent years. This study observed dietary intakes in pregnant women living with obesity and assessed the quality of their diet. In total, 140 women with a singleton pregnancy, aged > 18 years and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, were recruited from antenatal clinics, weighed and completed food diaries at 16-, 28- and 36-weeks’ gestation. Clinical data were recorded directly from the women’s medical records. Nutrient intake was determined using ‘MicrodietTM’, then compared to Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). Energy intakes were comparable with DRVs, but intakes of sugar and saturated fatty acids were significantly higher. Intake of fibre and several key micronutrients (Iron, Iodine, Folate and Vitamin D) were significantly low. Several adverse obstetric outcomes were higher than the general obstetric population. Women with obesity, often considered ‘over nourished’, may have diets deficient in essential micronutrients, often associated with poor obstetric outcomes. To address the intergenerational transmission of poor health via poor diets warrants a multi-disciplinary approach focusing away from ‘dieting’ onto positive messages, emphasising key nutrients required for good maternal and foetal health.

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Relationship Between Dynamic Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure: The ESTEBAN Survey

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpz096 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 1003-1012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandre Vallée ◽

Anne-Laure Perrine ◽

Valérie Deschamps ◽

Jacques Blacher ◽

Valérie Olié

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

National Agency ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Minimum Age ◽

Main Determinants

Abstract BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the main determinants of blood pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the relations between the different anthropometric indices and blood pressure (BP) stratified by gender. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were performed using data from 2,105 adults from the ESTEBAN survey, a representative sample of the French population. Partial Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between BP and anthropometric indices. Regressions were adjusted on age, antihypertensive therapies, socioeconomic levels, dietary intakes, and cardiovascular risk factors. A weight variation index, as adjusted weight variation/year, was calculated as (weight maximum − weight minimum) / (age of weight max − age of weight min). This index was adjusted on the BMI reported during the inclusion and time elapsed since weight variation from the moment of inclusion. RESULTS In the Esteban population stratified by gender, this weight index had the highest r-value of correlation with all BP parameters compared with all anthropometric indices (WC, WHR, WHtR) in both genders. In men, weight variation more than +1 kg/year is associated with 5.5 mm Hg increase in systolic BP and with 1.8 mm Hg increase in diastolic BP. In women, more than +1 kg/year is associated with 3.3 mm Hg increase in systolic BP and with 1.0 mm Hg increase in diastolic BP. CONCLUSION A dynamic view of body weight change appears more predictive in BP change than a static view expressed by BMI. Public health initiatives to maintain a youthful body weight during life course are majors to prevent hypertension. REGISTRATION The study was registered in the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (no. 2012-A00456-34) and was approved by the Advisory Committee for Protection of Persons in Biomedical Research.

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“I feel like eating rice 24 hours per day, 7 days a week”: A Study of Dietary Diversity Among Asylum Seekers in Norway (OR21-06-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz034.or21-06-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sigrun Henjum ◽

Laura Terragni

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Asylum Seekers ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Living Condition ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adequate Diet ◽

Adequate Food

Abstract Objectives Poor nutrition and food insecurity is highly prevalent among asylum seekers residing in western countries. Lack of economic resources, unfamiliarity with new foods, and language barriers are some challenges that asylum seekers encounter upon resettlement. Despite the importance of an adequate diet for good health, limited knowledge, exist on food intake and dietary quality among asylum seekers. We described dietary intake and assessed dietary quality among asylum seekers at Norwegian reception centers. Methods In 2017, a cross-sectional study in eight ordinary asylum reception centers in the South Eastern part of Norway were performed and 205 asylum seekers (131 men and 74 women) were included. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hour dietary recall and dietary diversity score (DDS) calculated according to FAO and FANTA, 2014. In addition, field notes of the asylum seekers thoughts on dietary intake and living condition provided contextual aspects of their nutritional situation. Results Two-third of the asylum seekers had dietary intakes with low quality; they ate from less than five food groups (low DDS). The asylum seekers ate in average two meals per day and one-third ate their first meal after noon. Meals tend to consist of food that was familiar in their country of origin. Women had significantly higher DDS than men with a higher consumption of vegetables and fruits. Asylum seekers residing in Norway for a longer time had a higher dietary diversity, than asylum seekers with a shorter stay. Most asylum seekers told about a reduced dietary intake, few meals and by the end of the month, hunger. They chose the cheapest food, food on sale or food that had expired and chose quantity over quality. The kitchen facilities at the reception centers were inadequate with limited storage place, low quality of the cooking equipment and crowded kitchen. Conclusions The asylum seekers had a monotonous diet with few meals, in contrast to the food abundance that most Norwegian are accustomed to, revealing, the emergence of new groups and new forms of poverty and social exclusion also in rich countries with otherwise good welfare state systems. The situation appear particularly critical given Norway's commitment through the United Nations (UN) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to ensure human rights such as the right to adequate food and health. Funding Sources The study was funded by Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway.

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A Study to Assess the Prevalence of Depression in Cardiovascular Disease Patient in The Nilgiris Population: Association with Blood Pressure

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1961 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1214-1219

Author(s):

Asish Kumar Saha ◽

Asem Veeves Singh ◽

Kavuri Srikar ◽

Anand Vijayakumar P R

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Hpa Axis ◽

Disease Patient ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cardiac Morbidity ◽

The Nilgiris ◽

The Impact

Depression is a common disorder in Cardio-vascular patients with a prevalence of twenty percent (20%) to forty five percent (45%), which is much more frequent than in the general population. Depressive symptoms are often overlooked in cardiac patients and their manifestation, especially after MI, is considered normal. Almost every life-threatening condition, including MI, stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete the corticotropic-releasing hormone, which stimulates the HPA axis. The two-way connection between depression and heart disease, which share the pathophysiological mechanism of origin, affects the prognosis of post-infarction recovery of depressed patients due to the impact of depression on the HPA axis activation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet reactivation and enhanced inflammatory response. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at secondary care government hospitals located at the Nilgiris district on different cardiovascular disease patients using HAM-D questionnaires for the assessment of depression. In this study, the level of depression in cardiovascular disease patients were assessed associating with patient variability in relation to age, gender, education, food habits, social habits, duration of disease and blood pressure values. There was a significant increase in depression score with the increase in blood pressure level. The patients were found to be having depression even though they were on cardiovascular treatment after they were being diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. With the treatment of cardiovascular disease conditions, the assessment for depression should be done and if required, depending on the level of depression, counselling and/with psychotherapy (eg. Cognitive behavioural therapy) may be recommended to avoid cardiac morbidity and mortality.

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Analysis of Differences in Individual Characteristics, Lifestyle, Nutritional Status and Dieting Patterns in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsian History

Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan (Journal of Nursing Science) ◽

10.21776/ub.jik.2021.009.01.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 87-94

Author(s):

Asti Melani Astari ◽

◽

Nurul Evi ◽

Muladefi Choiriyah ◽

Puji Ariyani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Preeclampsia is a multisystem complication that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation. In recent years there has been no significant decrease in the incidence of preeclampsia, even in developed countries it is still the main cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze differences in individual characteristics, lifestyle (physical activity), nutritional status and diet in pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia. This research design is descriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. Samples were obtained from 55 pregnant women with consecutive sampling who met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis used chi-square test and spearman correlation test. The results showed a relationship between physical activity with systolic blood pressure (p value 0.001, r = 0.449) and diastolic (p value 0.43, r = 0.273), there was also a relationship between diet and risk factors for preeclampsia through blood pressure measurements as evidenced by increase in blood pressure (p value 0.000) in pregnant women in the working area of Puskesmas Kedungkandang Malang. The results of this study are expected to be used as a reference in intervening pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia, so that the disease does not develop more severely so that it does not endanger the lives of the mother and the fetus she is carrying

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Smoking and blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients: evaluating the role of gender, age and hypertension duration

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1610

Author(s):

Jameel Ahmed Siddiqui ◽

Syed Aijaz Zaidi ◽

Jawed Iqbal ◽

Nazia Qamar ◽

Rahila Adil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Smoking History ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Local Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Significance Level ◽

Study Results

Background: Hypertension is estimated to affect about 40% of adults above 25 years of age globally. While many of the risk factors of hypertension are well known, such is not the case with smoking. Pertinent published literature is heterogeneous, with a dearth of relevant local data. Objectives was to study the relationship between smoking and blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients and to assess the effects of gender, age and hypertension duration on such a relationship.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a total of 298 conveniently sampled patients, aged 18 or above, from the medical outpatient department of a secondary care hospital of Karachi. The relevant data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire whereas the blood pressure level was checked using sphygmomanometer with stethoscope. Mann Whitney U test was used for inferential analysis whereas the significance level was set at 0.05.Results: Overall, both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were significantly associated with smoking history (p<0.05 for both) where they were found to be higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Furthermore, after gender, age and hypertension duration based stratifications; both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were still significantly associated with smoking history in patients who were male, were ≥35 years old and had <5 years hypertension duration (p<0.05 for both) where they were again found to be higher in smokers than in non-smokers.Conclusions: The study results showed a significant association of positive smoking history with higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, though after stratifying for gender, age and hypertension duration, this relationship persisted only in patients who were male, were ≥35 years old and had <5 years hypertension duration.

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Visit patterns at primary care centres and individual blood pressure level – a cross-sectional study

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care ◽

10.1080/02813432.2019.1569369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Ödesjö ◽

S. Adamsson Eryd ◽

S. Franzén ◽

P. Hjerpe ◽

K. Manhem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Primary Care ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pressure Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Decreased Compliance on Arterial Anastomoses

Swiss Surgery ◽

10.1024/1023-9332.6.2.77 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 77-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tozzi ◽

Hayoz ◽

Mueller ◽

M'Baku ◽

Mallabiabarrena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cross Section ◽

Arterial Compliance ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Anastomotic Site ◽

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perfusion Chamber ◽

Longitudinal Profiles

The present study was undertaken to examine the cross-sectional vascular compliance at the anastomotic site. Methods and Material: We performed end-to-end anastomosis on the carotid artery of six pigs using continuous 6/0 polypropylene. Four carotid arteries were excised and mounted in a perfusion chamber while the remaining two were left in living animals. We used pulsed ultrasound (NIUS 02) to generate detailed longitudinal profiles of diameter and compliance in the proximity and on the anastomosis. Results: On the anastomosis, the vessel diameter decreases (-1 to -2.6% of diastolic diameter) when blood pressure increases with an exponential correlation (R2= 0.75). The arterial compliance at the anastomosis was negative: the vessel cross-section reduction for a pulse pressure of 1 up to 32mmHg was 0.9 to 2% of diastolic vessel cross-section. Conclusions: Vessel movement generated a dynamic stenosis whose magnitude seems to depend on blood pressure level. Increasing blood pressure causes the retraction of vessel ends which causes vessel lumen reduction. These results suggest that continuous suture does not provide the continuity of mechanical properties of the artery.

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Predictive effect of serum uric acid and blood pressure on the left atrial size in Chinese south population

10.21203/rs.2.22740/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

danhong Fang ◽

Gaojun Wu ◽

Qinfen Chen ◽

Jiansheng Wu ◽

Shengjie Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Atrial Size ◽

Predictive Effect

Abstract Background: Serum uric acid (SUA) is strongly associated with hypertension and is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. In this study we aimed to investigate the predictive effect of SUA and blood pressure on the left atrial (LA) size in Chinese south population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between SUA and LA diameter and studied the risk of LA enlargement among subjects with and without hyperuricemia (HU) in different grades of blood pressure in a single-center database (n=5392). Results: The LA diameter was significantly correlated with SUA(r=0.31, P<0.001). The incidence of LA enlargement was significantly greater in subjects with HU than in those without HU [25.7% vs. 14.2%, P<0.001; odds ratio (OR) = 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.78,2.45)], especially in women [21.8% vs. 7.4%, P<0.001; OR=3.50, 95%CI= (2.35, 5.22)]. In subjects with hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) and HU, the risk of LA enlargement was 7.90 times higher than those with ideal blood pressure (< 120/80 mmHg) and normal SUA [33.1% vs. 5.9%; P<0.001, OR=7.90, 95% CI= (5.87,10.63)]. At the same blood pressure level, the risk of LA enlargement in HU subjects was higher than that in normal SUA (P<0.01). After adjustment for blood pressure, the effect of HU on LA size still exists[public OR=1.82, 95% CI=(1.54,2.14), P<0.001]. Conclusions: HU is an independent risk factor of LA enlargement in Chinese south population. SUA and blood pressure play a synergistic role in predicting the increase of LA diameter. Keywords: Uric acid, Hyperuricemia, Blood pressure, Left atrium

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