scholarly journals The Electoral Politics of Growth Regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Electoral Strategies

This article explores the role played by electoral politics in the evolution of postwar growth regimes, understood as the economic and social policies used by governments of the developed democracies to pursue economic growth. It charts changes in growth regimes beginning with an era of modernization stretching from 1950 to 1975, through an era of liberalization running from 1980 to 2000, to a subsequent era of knowledge-based growth. Its overarching claim is that the inclination and capacities of democratic governments to pursue specific growth regimes depend not only on economic circumstances but also on evolving electoral conditions, marked especially by changes in the cleavages that condition partisan electoral strategies. This electoral dynamic affects the balance of influence over policy between actors in the electoral and producer-group arenas and carries implications for the social compromises that democracies can construct. The article concludes by exploring the implications of contemporary electoral politics for the development of growth regimes appropriate to a knowledge economy.

Sociological Analysis of Labor and Intellectual Migration of Young People in the Knowledge Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
E. М. Hayrapetyan ◽  
N. N. Pokrovskaia ◽  
A. B. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Migration Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communication Difficulties

Fundamental sociological theories of migration study reveal the motives for an individual’s and households’ making decision to migrate, as well as the social factors and consequences of the unfolding of migration processes. Structural changes taking place in society caused by both the innovative nature of economic growth as a whole and the digitalization and expansion of information and telecommunications technologies imply the perception of the phenomenon of migration not only as a territorial movement of the population in space for a long period. Digitalization and development of remote forms of work, in particular, reduces the need for physical concentration of human resources, which allows people to choose the most comfortable places to live. Special attention is paid to the Diaspora, which is one of the important tools for solving communication difficulties. The sociological analysis of migration processes in Armenia illustrates the application of the main concepts, in particular, networked migration and reliance on the Diaspora.

MENA Countries Face the Challenge of the Knowledge-Based Economy

2022 ◽  
pp. 150-202
Author(s):  
Olfa Boussetta ◽  
Najeh Aissaoui ◽  
Fethi Sellaouti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Endogenous Growth Model ◽  
Education Innovation

The growing interest in the knowledge economy raises many questions about its effect on economic growth. The study aims to position a set of MENA countries in the context of the knowledge economy compared to developed countries. It also detects theoretically and empirically the knowledge effect on economic growth. To do this, the authors have estimated an endogenous growth model, using the dynamic panel data technique, for a sample of 16 MENA countries over 1995-2014. The results show that, despite the significant improvements that have registered in the knowledge economy pillars, the selected countries are still lagging compared to developed countries. Far from international comparisons, the internal effects of these knowledge pillars (education, innovation, ICT, institutional regime) on growth are positive and highly significant.

scholarly journals ALBANIA AND CULTURAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albana DEMI (MOSHO) ◽  
◽  
Arjana KADIU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Economic Development ◽  
Different Cultures

Everyone This paper aims to present the social and cultural side in Albania, intertwined with the economic aspect, based on the analysis of the changes occurred recently in our country. Considering the happiness as a key daily factor this paper will give an overview of the public policies, including public and family costs. The purpose of this paper is to analyze if the welfare is provided only in conditions of an environment characterized by the economic, political and social stability. The research is based on the data collected by the public institutions regarding the social policies, economic growth, challenges of tourism, as well as the different cultures that exist in Albania. Keywords: public policies, economic, social policies, tourism, culture, economic growth.

Knowledge Creation in Urban and Knowledge Environment

2008 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Joris E. Van Wezemael
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Knowledge Environment ◽  
Key Driver

Today, knowledge is addressed as a key driver in urban development. From an urban planner’s perspective, however, it seems that the knowledge we talk about is out there in so-called knowledge industries. Knowledge-based urban development refers to development of city regions that are more or less driven by the knowledge economy, or to opportunities to attract knowledge workers in order to fuel economic growth in specific areas. The aim of this chapter is conceptualizing what knowledge and learning mean to, and in, contemporary planning praxis. The chapter discusses the key concepts of knowing and their relation to doing. By mooting a theory of assemblages, the chapter further provides a foundation for the analysis and the enforcement of learning in urban development praxis. Drawing on research on learning organizations, this chapter provides a basis for the contribution of urban planning to knowledge-based urban development.

Knowledge-Based Economic Growth from the Social Context of Information Technology

2014 ◽  
pp. 309-323
Author(s):  
Benjamin Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Informatics ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Key Driver

Information systems have been touted as a key driver of economic growth in the modern world. Countries and regions alike have leveraged these powerful technologies to boost economic growth. In today’s knowledge-driven economy, information technologies are applicable to many industries as they can be harnessed to increase productivity and production. However, the ability to use these technologies to facilitate economic growth goes beyond the technologies per se. In this chapter, the author argues that the social context influences a region’s ability to create knowledge-based economic growth. Using case studies of three regions, the author argues that upskilling and isomorphism are important facets in a region’s social context that warrant consideration. The results are applicable to policy-making and contribute to the literature on social informatics.

scholarly journals Structural Challenges of Knowledge-Based Economy in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Valibeigi ◽  
Ahmad Mohammadi ◽  
Mojgan Valibeigi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of

The knowledge-based firms can both flourish and grow and stimulate employment and economic growth. Iranian Knowledge-based firms’ protection law is the protection of small and medium knowledge-based firms which are at their elementary steps of growth and don’t have enough attraction to investors. Knowledge-based firms’ protection law in Iran faces to serious challenges that causes this law will not reach to its aim, same as the other protection laws for reducing unemployment and increasing the economic growth. The aim of the study is investigating of structural challenges of knowledge-based firms in Iran. First challenge is about the definition of these kind of firms which weren’t designed in accordance to demand and the knowledge economy and the learner's economy has been ignored. Second challenge is related to performance mechanisms in financial support and providing the facilities for these kind of firms, which reveals the weakness of mechanisms against the economic surplus and corruption. These challenges caused gaps including the weakness of needed mechanisms for the illegal subsidy banning, dependent situation of the innovation and prosperity fund, Khosoulati pressures, enterprise approach of the government, governmental inter-authority competition and the weakness of participant attraction of the public and private organizations that hinder the movement towards a knowledge-based economy.

scholarly journals Conception of Knowledge Management in the Firm: Anthroposociality as the Priority Dimension

2019 ◽  
Vol 2018 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Евгений Жернов ◽  
Evgeny Zhernov
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Technology And Economy

The present research features anthroposociality, economy, and technology as three dimensions of knowledge management in the firm. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the advancement of anthroposociality for knowledge management as the non-material dimension in the transition to the socialized knowledge economy in comparison with material dimensions. The research method is the analysis of conceptual models of knowledge management through the prism of the methodological triad "anthroposociality – economy – technology". The author proposes a new dimension of knowledge management in the firm, i.e. anthroposociality, and formulates the theoretical foundations of practical measures in technology and economy, which determine the correlation of the chosen dimensions of knowledge management in industrial economy, capitalized knowledge economy, and socialized knowledge economy. The author determines the priorities of these dimensions according to the objectives of knowledge management in a firm operating in one of the economies mentioned. The results can be used for the development of the personnel and social policies. Conclusions: 1. The theoretical basis "anthroposociality is the measure of practicality of the economy" is substantiated by the priority of the benefits of the social economy to the employees in the form of their health, as well as moral and material wellbeing in the society. 2. For knowledge management, the following aspects have been established: the predominance of technology in the industrial economy, since its goal is the production application of knowledge of employees to extract profit; the primacy of economy in the capitalized knowledge economy because of the goal of making a profit by developing the intellect of the worker; the priority of anthroposociality in the socialized knowledge economy due to the goal of the all-round development of the individual-worker by making a profit from the use of technology. 3. Development of the personnel and social policies of the firm, taking into account the proposed dimension of knowledge management, will increase the importance of anthroposociality in the management of a modern firm, which will become a condition for the goal-in-itself development of workers in the knowledge economy.

Knowledge Economy in the Arab World

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Driouchi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Major Emphasis

This chapter introduces the content of the overall book and its relations to similar publications on the knowledge economy in Arab countries. It is composed of two major parts, where the first one is a synthesis of the publications realized up to 2013 with emphasis on the major economic and development issues facing the economies of the Arab world. The second part introduces the rationale of the book, the new areas investigated besides the methods used and the expected policy outcomes. This book places a major emphasis on the need to accelerate the implementation of new economic and social policies that are likely to be enhancing the contributions of the knowledge economy to a more inclusive economic growth and development.

Introduction: Moving towards Human Rights Based Social Policies in China

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Fisher ◽  
Xiaoyuan Shang ◽  
Megan Blaxland
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

China is at a turning point in the reform of its social welfare system due to new opportunities and pressures. First, China is in transition to a middle developed country. Fast economic growth has created more wealth for the government and society that could be invested in the social welfare of its citizens. Second, social problems and conflicts have accumulated, partly as a result of past social policies, which were residual only, as was common in Asia (Aspalter, 2006). These residual policies had the primary purpose of securing the economic and political interests of the nation, which were regarded as superior to the interests of individual citizens. The social costs of economic growth at the expense of human rights are widespread and often hidden. In this unsustainable situation, the Chinese public has called for fundamental reforms to China's social policies – not only policies aimed at resolving individual problems, but also reform of the basic principles of the social welfare system as a whole.

Victor S. D'Souza. Development Planning and Structural Inequalities: The Response of the Underprivileged. New Delhi: Sage Publications 1990. Pages 206 + Index. Price: Rs 180 (Hardbound).

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
The Social

Deveiopment planning in India, as in other developing countries, has generally been aimed at fostering an industrially-oriented policy as the engine of economic growth. This one-sided economic development, which results in capital formation, creation of urban elites, and underprivileged social classes of a modern society, has led to distortions in the social structure as a whole. On the contrary, as a result of this uneven economic development, which is narrowly measured in terms of economic growth and capital formation, the fruits of development have gone to the people according to their economic power and position in the social structure: those occupying higher positions benefiting much more than those occupying the lower ones. Thus, development planning has tended to increase inequalities and has sharpened divisive tendencies. Victor S. D'Souza, an eminent Indian sociologist, utilizing the Indian census data of 1961, 1971, and 1981, examines the problem of structural inequality with particular reference to the Indian Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes - the two most underprivileged sections of the present Indian society which, according to the census of 1981, comprised 15.75 percent and 7.76 percent of India's population respectively. Theoretically, he takes the concept of development in a broad sense as related to the self-fulfIlment of the individual. The transformation of the unjust social structure, the levelling down of glaring economic and social inequalities, and the concern for the development of the underprivileged are for the author the basic elements of a planned development. This is the theoretical perspective of the first chapter, "Development Planning and Social Transformation".

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