The influence of birth order and duration of farrowing on concentrations of metabolites in the umbilical cord blood of newborn piglets

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 85-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Ilsley ◽  
H.M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Umbilical Cords

It was the purpose of this study to ascertain whether concentrations of glucose (GLU), urea and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in blood collected from the umbilical cords of newborn piglets vary according to the position of the piglet in the birth order of a litter. Umbilical cord blood is representative of the piglets status at the time of birth. It would therefore be advantageous to know whether blood withdrawn from the umbilical cord of one piglet is representative of the litter in terms of these metabolites. This study was therefore designed to test the hypotheses that position in the birth order, and time of birth relative to delivery of the first piglet in a litter, will influence GLU, urea and NEFA concentrations in umbilical cord blood.

scholarly journals Associations between piglet umbilical blood hematological criteria, birth order, birth interval, colostrum intake, and piglet survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiah M Gourley ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Umbilical Cords ◽  
Piglet Survival

Abstract A total of 656 pigs (623 live-born and 33 stillborn) from 43 sows were used to evaluate hematological criteria at birth and their association with piglet survival. At birth of each piglet, birth time and order within the litter, weight, umbilical cord status (intact or ruptured) and whether the pig was live-born or stillborn were recorded. A 200µL sample of blood from the umbilical cord was collected and immediately analyzed for concentrations of glucose, oxygen partial pressure (pO2), carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2), pH, base excess (BE), bicarbonate (HCO3), saturated oxygen (sO2), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), sodium, potassium, ionized calcium (iCa), hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb) on a hand held iStat portable clinical analyzer (iStat Alinity, Abbott Point of Care Inc., Princeton, NJ). Piglets were categorized into quartiles based on birth order and cumulative birth interval (CumBI). Live-born pigs had higher (P < 0.01) umbilical cord blood pH, HCO3, BE, sO2, TCO2, and birth weight compared with stillborn pigs, but lower (P < 0.01) pCO2, K, iCa, and glucose compared with stillborn pigs. Pigs with intact umbilical cords at birth were associated with higher (P < 0.01) blood pH, HCO3, BE, and TCO2 compared with piglets born with a ruptured umbilical cord. Pigs with intact umbilical cords were associated with lower (P < 0.01) Hct and Hb concentrations and born earlier (P < 0.01) in the birth order compared with pigs born with a ruptured umbilical cord. Pigs that did not survive to weaning had lower (P < 0.01) umbilical cord blood pH, HCO3, BE, sO2, TCO2, Na, glucose, and birth weight, and 24 hr weight compared with pigs alive at weaning. Pigs born in the first quartile for CumBI had higher (P <0.05) pH compared with pigs in the other three quartiles. Umbilical cord blood HCO3, BE, and TCO2 decreased (P <0.05) with each change in CumBI quartile from first to last. Blood glucose was lowest (P <0.05) in pigs born before 44 min and highest in pigs born after 164 min. Umbilical cord blood pH, HCO3, BE, TCO2, Na, glucose, Hct, and Hb were positively associated (P <0.001) with colostrum intake, indicating increased blood values resulted in higher colostrum intake. Although a pig may be live-born, their survival to 24 hr and to weaning is reduced when blood pH, HCO3, BE, and sO2 are lower reiterating the importance of management practices that can reduce the birth interval between pigs and the number of pigs experiencing moderate to severe hypoxia.

scholarly journals Associations of maternal prenatal dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids with maternal and umbilical cord blood levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M.A. Donahue ◽  
S.L. Rifas-Shiman ◽  
S.F. Olsen ◽  
D.R. Gold ◽  
M.W. Gillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Levels

scholarly journals Transplacental Transmission of Filarial Infections and Its Impact on Oxidative Stress and Immune Responses during Foetal Life in Bamenda, North West Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Lemnui Benardette ◽  
Oumar Mahamat ◽  
Ntonifor Helen Ngum ◽  
Ngwenyi Annie- Dorette ◽  
Theresia Kuo Akenji
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Transplacental Transmission ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Total Oxidative Stress ◽  
Umbilical Cords

Background: Women commonly harbour filarial infections during their childbearing years, raising the possibility that the developing foetus may be exposed to filarial antigens in the uterus and thereby have altered immunity and susceptibility to infection during early childhood. However, there are no concrete proofs to justify the risk of infections in infants born from mothers having filarial infections during pregnancy. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of microfilariae in umbilical cord blood and respective mothers and to evaluate the relationship between the cord blood filarial infection and the oxidative stress status and concentration of IL-2, IL-10, IL-13, INF-γ and IgG in umbilical cord blood. Methods: This was a nested case–control study of cords and mothers of normal gestational age (>250 days of gestation). A total of 316 pairs of umbilical cords and mothers were examined. The presence of microfilariae was assessed by microscopy in mothers and cords. Oxidative stress status (total oxidative stress and total oxidative defence) and nitric oxide of umbilical cord and mother’s blood were investigated by the colorimetric method. ELISA was carried out for IL-2, IL-10, IL-13, INF-γ in umbilical cord and mother’s blood. Equally, umbilical cords were subjected to ELISA for total IgG. Results: Results obtained showed that microfilariae had a prevalence of 32.9% and 29.7% in umbilical cord blood and women at time of delivery respectively. High levels of total oxidative stress (TOS) with low total oxidative defence (TAD) was found in filarial infected (Mf +ve) umbilical cord and mother’s blood compared to controls or uninfected (Mf -ve) cords and mothers blood. IL-2 was lower in the blood of microfilariae infected cords and mothers, while INF-γ, IL-13 and IL-10 were higher as compared to microfilariae negative cords and mothers. Equally, plasma total IgG concentration was higher in microfilariae positive cords compared to the negative cords and positively correlated with IL-10. Conclusions: There is high frequency of transplacental transmission of microfilariae. Cord blood filarial infections were associated with a high TOS, a protective immune response with low IL-2 and high INF-γ, and a typical Th2 immune response that was associated with higher concentration of immune total IgG regulatory cytokine IL-10 and IL-13 in neonate.

DYNAMICS OF INDICES OF LINOLEIC AND ARACHIDONIC FATTY ACIDS IN CORD BLOOD OF NEWBORNS FROM MOTHERS WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (60) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Дорофиенко ◽  
Nikolay Dorofienko
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Igg Antibodies

Due to the broad spectrum of influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids of ω-6 family on the development of the fetus and newborn child, the composition of arachidonic fatty acid and its predecessor linoleic fatty acid were studied in blood of the umbilical cord blood of newborns from mothers with chronic reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection. 82 newborns were examined; among them there were 42 infants (the main group) from mothers who had cytomegalovirus infection (titer of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus was 1:1600) in the III trimester. The control group included 42 newborns from healthy women. In the umbilical cord blood of newborns the contents of arachidonic and linoleic fatty acids were identified with gas-liquid chromatography. The study found out that the reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection in the mother (titer of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus 1:1600) leads to an increase in the content of linoleic acid by 56% (p<0.001) and of the predecessor of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids - arachidonic acid by 34% (p<0.001) in the cord blood of newborns; it is one of the causes of disturbance of the structural and functional organization of the umbilical artery vessels. Identified changes in umbilical cord blood and umbilical artery endothelium can cause disturbances of the elastic properties of vessels, stagnation and thrombosis of blood vessels and, consequently, disturbances of blood flow between mother and fetus, which can then serve as a factor in the development of fetal hypoxia.

scholarly journals Umbilical cord blood metabolome differs in relation to delivery mode, birth order and sex, maternal diet and possibly future allergy development in rural children

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0242978
Author(s):  
Alastair B. Ross ◽  
Malin Barman ◽  
Olle Hartvigsson ◽  
Anna-Carin Lundell ◽  
Otto Savolainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Allergy Diagnosis ◽  
Perinatal Factors

Allergy is one of the most common diseases among young children yet all factors that affect development of allergy remain unclear. In a small cohort of 65 children living in the same rural area of south-west Sweden, we have previously found that maternal factors, including prenatal diet, affect childhood allergy risk, suggesting that in utero conditions may be important for allergy development. Here, we studied if metabolites in the umbilical cord blood of newborns may be related to development of childhood allergy, accounting for key perinatal factors such as mode of delivery, birth order and sex. Available umbilical cord blood plasma samples from 44 of the participants were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics; allergy was diagnosed by specialised paediatricians at ages 18 months, 3 years and 8 years and included eczema, asthma, food allergy and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Nineteen cord blood metabolites were related to future allergy diagnosis though there was no clear pattern of up- or downregulation of metabolic pathways. In contrast, perinatal factors birth order, sex and mode of delivery affected several energy and biosynthetic pathways, including glutamate and aspartic acid—histidine metabolism (p = 0.004) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (p = 0.006) for birth order; branched chain amino acid metabolism (p = 0.0009) and vitamin B6 metabolism (p = 0.01) for sex; and glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism (p = 0.005) for mode of delivery. Maternal diet was also related to some of the metabolites associated with allergy. In conclusion, the cord blood metabolome includes individual metabolites that reflect lifestyle, microbial and other factors that may be associated with future allergy diagnosis, and also reflects temporally close events/factors. Larger studies are required to confirm these associations, and perinatal factors such as birth order or siblings must be considered in future cord-blood metabolome studies.

scholarly journals Using Behavioural Nudges to Motivate Umbilical Cord Blood Donation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
Rabia Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Doctor Visits ◽  
Umbilical Cords

Umbilical cord blood contains stem cells that can be used to treat various cancers and diseases. It can be banked; however, it is a common practice to discard umbilical cords, and the opportunity to obtain cord stem cells is being wasted. Low-cost interventions such as behavioural nudges and carefully planned defaults may prove useful in motivating cord blood donations. Making cord blood donation a default as well as providing all information and paperwork during doctor visits could nudge parents in donating cord blood.

Concentrations of Sex Hormones in Umbilical-Cord Blood: Their Relation to Sex and Birth Order of Infants

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor E. Maccoby ◽  
Charles H. Doering ◽  
Carol Nagy Jacklin ◽  
Helena Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood

scholarly journals MOLECULAR EFFECTS OF ERYTHROPOIETIN ON THE LIPID COMPOSITION OF THE UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES OF NEWBORNS AT CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN PREGNANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (71) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Наталия Ишутина ◽  
Nataliya Ishutina ◽  
Ирина Андриевская ◽  
Irina Andrievskaya ◽  
Николай Дорофиенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Molecular Effects

In order to identify the molecular effects of erythropoietin on the lipid composition and properties of the membrane of red blood cells of the umbilical cord, 35 newborn children born from cytomegalovirus seropositive women with exacerbation of infection in the third trimester of pregnancy (main group) were examined. The control group consisted of 30 newborns born from cytomegalovirus seronegative women. Plasma and red blood cells of the umbilical cord became the material for the study. In the membrane of red blood cells of the umbilical cord by spectrophotometry there were studied the products that react with thiobarbituric acid; membrane microviscosity was studied by lateral diffusion of hydrophobic fluorescent probe of pyrenes; lysophosphatidylcholine content by a thin-layer chromatography; the content of arachidonic, oleic and α-linolenic fatty acids by gas chromatography; ionized calcium content by analyzer of blood gases and electrolytes; erythropoietin in umbilical cord blood plasma by enzyme immunoassay. The number of erythrocytes was determined by an automatic hematological analyzer. The assessment of erythrocytes morphology and echinocytes counting was performed by light microscopy with further cytophotometrical data processing. In the umbilical cord blood of newborns born from cytomegalovirus seropositive women with exacerbation of infection in the third trimester of pregnancy, there was found out an increase in the level of erythropoietin by 20% (p<0.05), the number of erythrocytes by 21% (p<0.01), of products reacting with thiobarbituric acid by 60% (p<0.001), of lysophosphatidylcholine by 42% (p<0.001), of arachidonic acid by 31% (p<0.001)<0.001), of ionized calcium by 14% (p<0.05), of the amount of echinocytes by 91% (p<0.001); with a decrease in the content of oleic and α-linolenic fatty acids by 40% (p<0.001), there was an increase in the ratio of fluorescence of excimers and monomers (Fe/Fm) by 30% (p<0.001), the number of red blood cells by 21% (p<0.01). The results obtained suggested in the newborns from seropositive women to cytomegalovirus with exacerbation of the infection in the third trimester of pregnancy the development of ineffective erythropoiesis, enhancing oxidative damage of red blood cells, leading to echinocytosis and eryptosis

scholarly journals Comparative Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels in Blood, Placenta and Cord Blood of Pregnant Women with or without Pre-eclampsia

BioMedica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Zhang Weili
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Long Chain

Background and Objective: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) play an important role in the regulation of fat metabolism in the placenta and fetus. Changes in placental function in pre-eclampsia affect the transport of fatty acids and affect fetal nutrition. The aim of the study was to compare LCPUFA levels in blood, placenta and cord blood of pregnant women with or without pre-eclampsia. Methods: The blood, placenta and umbilical cord blood of pregnant women (n = 30 each) who were normotensive and with pre-eclampsia were collected. The levels of fatty acids in maternal blood, placenta and umbilical cord blood were determined by the quartz capillary gas chromatography technique. Results: The average age of normal pregnant women was 27.0±4.5 years and that of pre-eclampsia pregnant women was 30±4.0 years (P > 0.05). The levels of total fatty acids, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were higher in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia than in normal women. The level of linoleic acid in cord blood and placenta was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia group than in the normal pregnant women while linoleic acid content in maternal blood being lower in pre-eclampsia group compared to the normal maternal group. Conclusion: The changes of LCPUFA in blood, placenta and umbilical blood of pre-eclampsia may be related to the changes of LCPUFA in placenta. These changes may be involved in the pathophysiological process of pre-eclampsia. Maternal supplement of LCPUFA, such as DHA, in early gestation may be helpful in improving morbidity associated with maternal eclampsia.

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